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CUP 2017-0004; WEST COAST SELF STORAGE - CARLSBAD; STORMWATER POLLUTION PREVENTION PLAN; 2018-04-04
STORMWATER POLLUTION PREVENTION PLAN For WEST COAST SELF-STORAGE (CUP 2017-0004/SUP 2017-0001) RISK LEVEL 2 WDID NO. 937C383331 Legally Responsible Person (LRP): WEST COAST SELF-STORAGE GROUP Jim Fitzpatrick FiicORD COPY I JL i44 Initial Date (818) 749-8846 Approved Signatory: Jim Fitzpatrick (818) 749-8846 Prepared for: Jim Fitzpatrick .' REC 3UL 1. ' LB - \,t WEST COAST SELF-STORAGE GROUP 4012 148th Street SE, Mil Creek, WA 98012 Project Address: 2405 Cougar Dr. Carlsbad, CA 92008 SWPPP Prepared by: <11.SE PLANNING AND ENGINEERING 2888 LOKER AVENUE EAST, SUITE 217 CARLSBAD, CA 92010 Mellor Landy QSD # 81085 SWPPP Preparation Date April 4, 2018 Estimated Project Dates: Cl) N-i Start of Construction 06/4/2018 - Completion of Construction 06/4/2019 i' 2 Table of Contents Table of Contents . i Qualified SWPPP Developer ........................................................................................................ 1 LegallyResponsible Person..........................................................................................................1 AmendmentLog ............................................................................................................................ 2 Section1 SWPPP Requirements..............................................................................................3 1.1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................3 1.2 Permit Registration Documents......................................................................................3 1.3 SWPPP Availability and Implementation.......................................................................4 1.4 SWPPP Amendments......................................................................................................4 1.5 Retention of Records.......................................................................................................6 1.6 Required Non-Compliance Reporting ............................................................................7 1.7 Annual Report.................................................................................................................8 1.8 Changes to Permit Coverage...........................................................................................8 1.9 Notice of Termination.....................................................................................................8 Section2 Project Information................................................................................................10 2.1 Project and Site Description..........................................................................................10 2.1.1 Site Description.........................................................................................................10 2.1.3 Existing Drainage......................................................................................................10 2.1.4 Geology and Groundwater........................................................................................11 2.1.5 Project Description....................................................................................................11 2.1.6 Developed Condition................................................................................................11 2.2 Permits and Governing Documents ............................................................................... 12 2.3 Stormwater Run-On from Offsite Areas.......................................................................12 2.4 Findings of the Construction Site Sediment and Receiving Water Risk Determination 12 2.5 Construction Schedule..................................................................................................14 2.6 Potential Construction Activity and Pollutant Sources.................................................14 2.7 Identification of Non-Stormwater Discharges..............................................................14 2.8 Required Site Map Information....................................................................................15 Section3 Best Management Practices...................................................................................17 3.1 Schedule for BMP Implementation ..............................................................................17 CASQA SWPPP Template i July 2012 3.2 Erosion and Sediment Control......................................................................................18 3.2.1 Erosion Control.........................................................................................................18 Through out grading operations............................................................................................21 3.2.2 Sediment Controls.....................................................................................................21 3.3 Non-Stormwater Controls and Waste and Materials Management .............................. 23 3.3.1 Non-Stormwater Controls ......................................... . ................................................ 23 3.3.2 Materials Management and Waste Management......................................................27 3.4 Post construction Stormwater Management Measures.................................................33 Section 4 BMP Inspection, Maintenance, and Rain Event Action Plans...........................34 4.1 BMP Inspection and Maintenance................................................................................34 4.2 Rain Event Action Plans...............................................................................................34 Section5 Training...................................................................................................................36 Section6 Responsible Parties and Operators.......................................................................37 6.1 Responsible Parties.......................................................................................................37 6.2 Contractor List ............................................................................ . .................................. 38 Section7 Construction Site Monitoring Program................................................................39 7.1 Purpose......................................................................................................................39 7.2 Applicability of Permit Requirements......................................................................39 7.3. Weather and Rain Event Tracking............................................................................40 7.3.1 Weather Tracking..................................................................................................40 7.3.2 Rain Gauges..........................................................................................................40 7.4 Monitoring Locations................................................................................................40 7.5 Safety and Monitoring Exemptions..........................................................................41 7.6 Visual Monitoring ...................................................................................................... 41 7.6.1 Routine Observations and Inspections..................................................................42 7.6.1.1 Routine BMP Inspections.............................................................................42 7.6.1.2 Non-Stormwater Discharge Observations ....................................................42 7.6.2 Rain-Event Triggered Observations and Inspections ...........................................42 7.6.2.1 Visual Observations Prior to a Forecasted Qualifying Rain Event...............42 7.6.2.2 BMP Inspections During an Extended Storm Event.....................................43 7.6.2.3 Visual Observations Following a Qualifying Rain Event.............................43 7.6.3 Visual Monitoring Procedures..............................................................................43 7.6.4 Visual Monitoring Follow-Up and Reporting.......................................................45 CASQA SWPPP Template ii July 2012 7.6.5 Visual Monitoring Locations . 45 7.7 Water Quality Sampling and Analysis......................................................................46 7.7.1 Sampling and Analysis Plan for Non-Visible Pollutants in Stormwater Runoff Discharges.........................................................................................................................46 7.7.1.1 Sampling Schedule........................................................................................47 7.7.1.2 Sampling Locations ......................................................................................47 7.7.1.3 Monitoring Preparation.................................................................................48 7.7.1.4 Analytical Constituents .............................................................. . ................... 49 7.7.1.5 Sample Collection.........................................................................................51 7.7.1.6 Sample Analysis ............................................................................................ .52 7.7.1.7 Data Evaluation and Reporting.....................................................................54 7.7.2 Sampling and Analysis Plan for pH and Turbidity in Stormwater Runoff Discharges.........................................................................................................................54 7.7.2.1 Sampling Schedule........................................................................................54 7.7.2.3 Monitoring Preparation.................................................................................55 7.7.2.4 Field Parameters............................................................................................56 7.7.2.5 Sample Collection.........................................................................................56 7.7.2.6 Field Measurements......................................................................................56 7.7.2.7 Data Evaluation and Reporting.....................................................................57 7.7.3 Sampling and Analysis Plan for pH, Turbidity, and SSC in Receiving Water.....58 7.7.4 Sampling and Analysis Plan for Non-Stormwater Discharges.............................58 7.7.4.1 Sampling Schedule........................................................................................59 7.7.4.2 Sampling Locations .......................................................................................59 7.7.4.3 Monitoring Preparation.................................................................................59 7.7.4.4 Analytical Constituents.................................................................................60 7.7.4.5 Sample Collection.........................................................................................61 7.7.4.6 Sample Analysis............................................................................................61 7.7.4.7 Data Evaluation and Reporting.....................................................................61 7.7.5 Sampling and Analysis Plan for Other Pollutants Required by the Regional Water Board 63 7.7.5.6 Data Evaluation and Reporting.....................................................................63 7.7.6 Training of Sampling Personnel ...........................................................................63 7.7.7 Sample Collection and Handling..........................................................................63 CASQA SWPPP Template 111 July 2012 7.7.7.1 Sample Collection .63 7.7.7.2 Sample Handling...........................................................................................64 7.7.7.3 Sample Documentation Procedures..............................................................65 7.8 Active Treatment System Monitoring ......................................................................65 7.9 Bioassessment Monitoring........................................................................................65 7.10 Watershed Monitoring Option..................................................................................65 7.11 Quality Assurance and Quality Control....................................................................66 7.11.1 Field Logs .........................................................................................................66 7.11.2 Clean Sampling Techniques .............................................................................66 7.11.3 Chain of Custody .............................................................................................. 66 7.11.4 QA/QC Samples................................................................................................66 7.11.4.1 Field Duplicates ............................................................................................ 67 7.11.4.2 Equipment Blanks........................................................................................67 7.11.4.3 Field Blanks..................................................................................................67 7.11.4.4 Travel Blanks ...............................................................................................67 7.11.5 Data Verification ................................................................................................ 67 7.12 Records Retention.....................................................................................................68 CSMPAttachment 1: Weather Reports.................................................................................70 CSMP Attachment 2: Monitoring Records ...........................................................................72 CSMPAttachment 3: Example Forms...................................................................................73 CSMP Attachment 4: Field Meter Instructions....................................................................84 CSMP Attachment 5: Supplemental Information.................................................................86 Section8 References ................................................................................................................ 88 Appendix A: Calculations ...................................................................................................... 89 AppendixB: Site Maps .......................................................................................................... 91 AppendixC: Permit Registration Documents.......................................................................93 Appendix D: SWPPP Amendment Certifications.................................................................95 Appendix E: Submitted Changes to PRDs ............................................................................ 98 AppendixF. Construction Schedule...................................................................................100 Appendix G: Construction Activities, Materials Used, and Associated Pollutants...........102 Appendix H. CASQA Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal: Construction Fact Sheets.... 106 AppendixI. BMP Inspection Form ....................................................................................... 108 Appendix J: Project Specific Rain Event Action Plan Template..........................................116 CASQA SWPPP Template iv July 2012 RainEvent Action Plan (REAP).....................................................................................118 Dateof REAP.........................................................................................................................118 WDID Number: ....................................................................................................................118 DateRain Predicted to Occur: ....................................................................................... 118 Predicted% chance of rains ............................................................................................118 AppendixK: Training Reporting Form..............................................................................120 AppendixL: Responsible Parties........................................................................................122 Appendix M. Contractors and Subcontractors....................................................................126 AppendixN. Construction General Permit ......................................................................... 127 CASQA SWPPP Template V July 2012 Qualified SWPPP Developer Approval and Certification of the Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan Project Name: WEST COAST SELF-STORA GE Project Number/ID GR 2018-0006, CUP 2017-0004, SUP 2017-0001 "This Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan and Attachments were prepared under my direction to meet the requirements of the California Construction General Permit (SWRCB Orders No. 2009-009- DWQ as amended by Order 2010-0014-DWQ and Order 2012-0006-DWQ). I certify that I am a Qualified SWPPP Developer in good standing as of the date signed below." 07/10/18 QSD Signature Date Mellor Landy 81085 QSD Name QSD Certificate Number Professional Civil Engineer (760) 929-2288 Title and Affiliation Telephone Number melhwplanning.com Email CASQA SWPPP Template I January 2014 Legally Responsible Person Approval and Certification of the Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan Project Name: WEST ('OAST SELF-STORAGE Project Number/ID GR 2018-0006, CUP 2017-0004, SUP 2017-0001 "I certify under penalty of law that this document and all Attachments were prepared under my direction or supervision in accordance with a system designed to assure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate the information submitted. Based on my inquiry of the person or persons who manage the system or those persons directly responsible for gathering the information, to the best of my knowledge and belief, the information submitted is, true, accurate, and complete. 1 am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information, including the possibility of fine and imprisonment for knowing violations." J1M L-- Legally Responsible Person Signature of Legally Responsible Person or Date Approved Signatory I Name of Legally Responsible Person or Approved Telephone Number Signatory (AXO.4 SW!'!'!' 7'niiIaw .Junuurr 2014 Amendment Log Project Name: WEST COAST SELF STORAGE Project Number/ID OR 2018-0006, CUP 2017-0004, SUP 2017-0001 Amendment Date Brief Description of Amendment, include Prepared and Approved No. section and page number By Name: QSD# Name: QSD# Name: QSD# Name: QSD# Name: QSD# Name: QSD# Name: QSD# Name: QSD# Name: QSD# CASQA SWPPP Template 2 July 2012 Section 1 SWPPP Requirements 1.1 INTRODUCTION West Coast Self Storage project is a single, 1.48 acres vacant lot, located at 2405 Cougar Drive in the City of Carlsbad, California. This lot is parcel 3 of Palmer Way Industrial Park. Palmer Way Industrial Park is 3 lots development on the south east corner of the intersection of Cougar Drive and El Camino Real. The site is bordered by El Camino Real to the west and Palmer Way to the east (APN 209-040-42). This property is owned by NWB Carlsbad, LLC a California limited liability company, is being developed by West Coast Self Storage Group. The projects location is shown on the Site Map AND Vicinity Map in Appendix B. This Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) is designed to comply with California's General Permit for Stormwater Discharges Associated with Construction and Land Disturbance Activities (General Permit) Order No. 2009-0009-DWQ as amended in 2010 and 2012 (NPDES No. CAS000002) issued by the State Water Resources Control Board (State Water Board). This SWPPP has been prepared following the SWPPP Template provided on the California I Stormwater Quality Association Stormwater Best Management Practice Handbook Portal: Construction (CASQA, 2012). In accordance with the General Permit, Section XIV, this SWPPP is designed to address the following: Pollutants and their sources, including sources of sediment associated with construction, construction site erosion and other activities associated with construction activity are controlled; Where not otherwise required to be under a Regional Water Quality Control Board (Regional Water Board) permit, all non-stormwater discharges are identified and either eliminated, controlled, or treated; Site BMPs are effective and result in the reduction or elimination of pollutants in stormwater discharges and authorized non-stonnwater discharges from construction activity to the Best Available Technology/Best Control Technology (BAT/BCT) standard; Calculations and design details as well as BMP controls for are complete and correct, Appendix A. For Rain Event Action Plan (REAP) see section 4.2 and attached plan in Appendix J. 1.2 PERMIT REGISTRATION DOCUMENTS Required Permit Registration Documents (PRDs) shall be submitted to the State Water Board via the Stormwater Multi Application and Report Tracking System (SMARTS) by the Legally Responsible Person (LRP), or authorized personnel (i.e., Approved Signatory) under the direction of the LRP. The project-specific PRDs include: Notice of Intent (NOI); Risk Assessment (Construction Site Sediment and Receiving Water Risk Determination); Site Map; Annual Fee; CASQA SWPPP Template 3 July 2012 Signed Certification Statement (LRP Certification is provided electronically with SMARTS PRD submittal); and SWPPP. Site Maps can be found in Appendix B. A copy of the submitted PRDs shall also be kept in Appendix C along with the Waste Discharge Identification (WDID) confirmation. 1.3 SWPPP AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION The discharger shall make the SWPPP available at the construction site during working hours (see Section 7.5 of CSMP for working hours) while construction is occurring and shall be made available upon request by a State or Municipal inspector. When the original SWPPP is retained by a crewmember in a construction vehicle and is not currently at the construction site, current copies of the BMPs and map/drawing will be left with the field crew and the original SWPPP shall be made available via a request by radio/telephone. (CGP Section XIV.C) The SWPPP shall be implemented concurrently with the start of ground disturbing activities. 1.4 SWPPP AMENDMENTS . The SWPPP should be revised when: . If there is a General Permit violation. When there is a reduction or increase in total disturbed acreage (General Permit Section II Part C). BMPs do not meet the objectives of reducing or eliminating pollutants in stormwater discharges. Additionally, the SWPPP shall be amended when: There is a change in construction or operations which may affect the discharge of pollutants to surface waters, groundwater(s), or a municipal separate storm sewer system (MS4); When there is a change in the project duration that changes the project's risk level; or When deemed necessary by the QSD. The QSD has determined that the changes listed in Table 1.1 can be field determined by the QSP. All other changes shall be made by the QSD as formal amendments to the SWPPP. The following items shall be included in each amendment: Who requested the amendment; The location of proposed change; The reason for change; The original BMP proposed, if any; and The new BMP proposed. CASQA SWPPP Template 4 July 2012 Amendment shall be logged at the front of the SWPPP and certification kept in Appendix D. The SWPPP text shall be revised replaced, and/or hand annotated as necessary to properly convey the amendment. SWPPP amendments must be made by a QSD. The following changes have been designated by the QSD as "to be field determined" and constitute minor changes that the QSP may implement based on field conditions. Table 1.1 List of Changes to be Field Determined Candidate changes for field location or determination by QSP' Check changes that can be field located or field determined by QSP Increase quantity of an Erosion or Sediment Control Measure Relocate/Add stockpiles or stored materials Relocate or add toilets Relocate vehicle storage and/or fueling locations Relocate areas for waste storage Relocate water storage and/or water transfer location Changes to access points (entrance/exits) Change type of Erosion or Sediment Control Measure Changes to location of erosion or sediment control Minor changes to schedule or phases Changes in construction materials (1) Any field changes not identfledforfield location or field determination by QSP must be approved CASQA SWPPP Template 5 July 2012 Table 1.1 List of Changes to be Field Determined Candidate changes for field location or determination by QSP' Check changes that can be field located or field determined by QSP byQSD 1.5 RETENTION OF RECORDS Paper or electronic records of documents required by this SWPPP shall be retained for a minimum of three years from the date generated or date submitted, whichever is later, for the following items: Sampling Visual observation Inspection BMP implementation records Training records Spill and clean-up These records shall be available at the Site until construction is complete. Records assisting in the determination of compliance with the General Permit shall be made available within a reasonable time, to the Regional Water Board, State Water Board or U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) upon request. Requests by the Regional Water Board for retention of records for a period longer than three years shall be adhered to. CASQA SWPPP Template 6 July 2012 1.6 REQUIRED NON-COMPLIANCE REPORTING The General Permit identifies several areas of non-compliance reporting. It is the responsibility of the permittee to properly document reportable discharges or other violations of the General Permit. Exceedances and violations should be reporting using the SMARTS system and include the following: Numeric Action Level (NAL) exceedances (NAL Exceedance Report upon request of the RWQCB); Self-reporting of any other discharge violations or to comply with RWQCB enforcement actions; and Discharges which contain a hazardous substance in excess of reportable quantities established in 40 CFR §§ 117.3 and 302.4, unless a separate NPDES Permit has been issued to regulate those discharges. If a General Permit discharge violation occurs the QSP shall immediately notify the LRP. The LRP shall include information on the violation with the Annual Report. Corrective measures will be implemented immediately following identification of the discharge or written notice of non-compliance from the Regional Water Board. Discharges and corrective actions must be documented and include the following items: The date, time, location, nature of operation and type of unauthorized discharge. The cause or nature of the notice or order. The control measures (BMPs) deployed before the discharge event, or prior to receiving notice or order. The date of deployment and type of control measures (BIV[Ps) deployed after the discharge event, or after receiving the notice or order, including additional measures installed or planned to reduce or prevent re-occurrence. It is recommended that documentation of all reportable exceedances be included in the SWPPP. Include the results of an NAL exceedance site evaluation along with other non-compliance events in SWPPP Appendix D. CASQA SWPPP Template 7 July 2012 1.7 ANNUAL REPORT The General Permit requires that permittees prepare, certify, and electronically submit an Annual Report no later than September 1St of each year. Annual reports will be filed in SMARTS and in accordance with information required by the on-line forms. Reporting requirements are identified in Section XVI of the General Permit and include (but are not limited to) providing a summary of: Sampling and analysis results including laboratory reports, analytical methods and reporting limits and chain of custody forms Corrective actions and compliance activities, including those not implemented; Violations of the General Permit; Date, time, place, and name(s) of the inspector(s) for all sampling, inspections, and field measurement activities; Visual observation and sample collection exception records; and Training documentation of all personnel responsible for General Permit compliance activities. 1.8 CHANGES TO PERMIT COVERAGE The General Permit allows for the reduction or increase of the total acreage covered under the General Permit when: a portion of the project is complete and/or conditions for termination of coverage have been met; when ownership of a portion of the project is purchased by a different entity; or when new acreage is added to the project. Modified PRDs shall be filed electronically within 30 days of a reduction or increase in total disturbed area if a change in permit covered acreage is to be sought. The SWPPP shall be modified appropriately, shall be logged at the front of the SWPPP and cetrification of SWPPP amendments are to be kept in Appendix D. Updated PRDs submitted electronically via SMARTS can be found in Appendix E. 1.9 NOTICE OF TERMINATION A Notice of Termination (NOT) must be submitted electronically by the LRP via SMARTS to terminate coverage under the General Permit. The NOT must include a final Site Map and representative photographs of the project site that demonstrate final stabilization has been achieved. The NOT shall be submitted within 90 days of completion of construction. The Regional Water Board will consider a construction site complete when the conditions of the General Permit, Section II.D have been met, including: The site will not pose any additional sediment discharge risk than it did prior to construction activity. All construction related equipment, materials and any temporary BMPs no longer needed are removed from the site. Post-construction stormwater management measures are installed and a long-term maintenance plan that is designed for a minimum of five years has been developed; CASQA SWPPP Template 8 July 2012 The NOT must demonstrate through photos, Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) results, or results of testing and analysis that the project meets all of the requirements of Section II.D.1 of the General Permit by one of the following methods: 70% final cover method (no computational proof required); or RUSLE/RUSLE2 method (computational proof required); or Custom method (discharger demonstrates that site complies with final stabilization). CASQA SWPPP Template 9 July 2012 Section 2 Project Information 2.1 PROJECT AND SITE DESCRIPTION 2.1.1 Site Description The West Coast Self Storage project site comprises approximately 1.48 acres and is located at 2405 Cougar Dr., in Carlsbad, California. The project site is located on the southeast corner of the intersection of Cougar Drive and El Camino Real, between College Blvd. and Faraday Ave. The project site area is 1.48 aces. The site is parcel 3 of Palmer Way Industrial Park. The project site storm water drains to Agua Hedionda Creek. The project is located at Latitude 33.1407 and Longitude -117.2753 and is identified on the Site Map in Appendix B. 2.1.2 Existing Conditions As of the initial date of this SWPPP, the project is part of a partially developed Palmer Way Industrial Park. This industrial park has 3 parcels. Parcels 1 and 2 are fully developed industrial buildings while parcel 3 has a graded pad, fenced and paved driveway. The site is graded to drain towards an existing on-site storm drain system that conveys storm water to an existing off-site storm drain system in Cougar drive. The site pad graded towards the east for an average slope of 7%. This lot has been vacant since late 2003. El Camino Real is fully developed while Cougar Drive is partially developed. There are no known historic sources of contamination at the site. 2.1.3 Existing Drainage The site is bounded to the west by El Camino Real, to the east by industrial buildings on parcels 1 and 2, to the North by Cougar Drive and to the south by office buildings complex. The existing development all around the site prevents offsite storm water from draining towards subject property. On-site existing storm drain system drains to the north towards an existing storm drain system in Cougar drive. This system is shown on improvement plan drawing 273-3. It shows an existing 24-inch diameter storm drain pipe in Cougar Drive that flows from the west toward the east to an existing storm drain system in Palmer Way. In Palmer Way there is a 30-inch diameter storm drain system that drains toward the north to where it discharges into an existing Agua Hedionda Creek. The elevation of the project site ranges from 283 to 251 feet above mean sea level (msl). Stormwater discharges from the site, are not considered direct discharges, as defined by the State Water Board into Agua Hedionda Lagoon. Existing site topography, drainage patterns, and stormwater conveyance systems are shown on Grading Plans in Appendix B. The project discharges to Agua Hedionda Creek and Agua Hedionda Lagoon, then into Pacific Ocean, these last two water bodies are listed for water quality impairment on the most recent 303(d)-list for: Total Nitrogen as N Siltation Enterococcus Toxics Fecal Coliform CASQA SWPPP Template 10 July 2012 Selenium Sulfates Total Dissolved Solids 2.1.4 Geology and Groundwater According to the Preliminary Geotechnical Assessment report prepared by Giles Engineering Associates, Incorporated, dated April 10, 2017; Static Groundwater was not encountered during subsurface investigation to the maximum depth explored (31 feet) 2.1.5 Project Description Project grading will occur on approximately 1.48 acres of the project, which comprises approximately 100 percent of the total area. The limits of grading are shown on the grading plan in Appendix B. Grading will include both cut and fill activities, with the total graded material estimated to be 14,300 cubic yards. No fill material will be imported during grading activities. Most of the graded materials are expected to be hauled away. Soil will be stockpiled on the east side of the site in the landscape area. Construction activities will occur in one phase. 2.1.6 Developed Condition Post construction onsite surface drainage will be directed to the east as surface flow to storm water conveyance systems towards the proposed biofiltration system. Then to on-site storage Hydromodification tanks which will discharge into existing storm drain system on the adjacent lot east of site. The existing storm drain on the adjacent lot does pick current storm drain water and runs into an easement for the 3 lots on the subdivision. The existing system mostly does not need to be upgraded. Post construction drainage patterns and conveyance systems are presented on grading plan in Appendix B. Table 2.1 Construction Site Estimates Construction site area 1.48 acres Percent impervious before construction 8.8 % Runoff coefficient before construction 0.35 Percent impervious after construction 82.5 % Runoff coefficient after construction 0.87 CASQA SWPPP Template 11 July 2012 2.2 PERMITS AND GOVERNING DOCUMENTS In addition to the General Permit, the following documents have been taken into account while preparing this SWPPP 2.3 STORMWATER RUN-ON FROM OFFSITE AREAS Run-on to the site is generated from the slope to the south of the property. This slope is mostly off-site. The tributary area is approximately 0.3 acres. A proposed ditch will collect the off-site storm water and conveys it to the existing on/off site storm drain system. The anticipated runoff coefficients is approximately 0.35. The anticipated off-site run-on to the project site is estimated to be 0.8 cfs, calculations are included in Appendix A. The General Permit requires that temporary BMPs be implemented to direct offsite run-on away from disturbed areas through the use of runoff controls. The following BMPs will be implemented, gravel bags and compost blanket. These BMPs will be located at the south and west slopes. The off-site drainage areas and associated stormwater conveyance facilities or BMPs are shown on BMP sheets in Appendix B. 2.4 FINDINGS OF THE CONSTRUCTION SITE SEDIMENT AND RECEIVING WATER RISK DETERMINATION A construction site risk assessment has been performed for the project and the resultant risk level is Risk Level 2. The risk level was determined though the use of the California Water Board, Receiving Water Risk vs Sediment Risk Factor calculations for R, K, LS provided in Table 2.2, a site specific analysis. The risk level is based on project duration, location, proximity to impaired receiving waters and soil conditions. A copy of the Risk Level determination submitted on SMARTS with the PRDs is included in Appendix C. Table 2.2 and Table 2.3 summarize the sediment and receiving water risk factors and document the sources of information used to derive the factors. Table 2.2 Summary of Sediment Risk RUSLE Factor Value Method for establishing value R 32.2 EPA K 0.24 USDA - NRCS LS 2.54 Table from Renard et. al., 1997 Total Predicted Sediment Loss (tons/acre) Overall Sediment Risk U Low Low Sediment Risk < 15 tons! acre Z Medium Medium Sediment Risk >= 15 and < 75 tons/acre U High High Sediment Risk >= 75 tons/acre GASQA SWPPP Template 12 July 2012 Runoff from the project site discharges into a storm drain system that discharge into Agua Hedionda Creek, then into the Pacific Ocean. Table 2.3 Summary of Receiving Water Risk 303(d) Listed for TMDL for Sediment Beneficial Uses of Receiving Water Name Sediment Related Related Pollutant' COLD, SPAWN, and Pollutant' MIGRATORY' Agua Hedionda Creek Z Yes E1 No El Yes Z No LI Yes Z No [:1 Low Overall Receiving Water Risk (1) If yes is selected for any option the Receiving Water Risk is High Risk Level 2 sites are subject to both the narrative effluent limitations and numeric effluent standards. The narrative effluent limitations require stormwater discharges associated with construction activity to minimize or prevent pollutants in stormwater and authorized non- stormwater through the use of controls, structures and best management practices. Discharges from Risk Level 2 site are subject to NALs for pH and turbidity shown in Table 2-4. This SWPPP has been prepared to address Risk Level 2 requirements (General Permit Attachment D). CASQA SWPPP Template 13 July 2012 .1. =arameter 7 EniM um ric Ailion NUEVO ae, EAR i5ge Average &1 UJ8 * 11_ 1 Turbidit., 4NTU F11a, 2.5 CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE The site sediment risk was determined based on construction taking place between 06/4/2018 and 06/4/2019. Modification or extension of the schedule (start and end dates) may affect risk determination and permit requirements. The LRP shall contact the QSD if the schedule changes during construction to address potential impact to the SWPPP. The estimated schedule for planned work can be found in Appendix F. 2.6 POTENTIAL CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY AND POLLUTANT SOURCES Appendix G includes a list of construction activities and associated materials that are anticipated to be used onsite. These activities and associated materials will or could potentially contribute pollutants, other than sediment, to stormwater runoff. The anticipated activities and associated pollutants were used in Section 3 to select the Best Management Practices for the project. Location of anticipated pollutants and associated BMPs are show on the Site Map in Appendix B. For sampling requirements for non-visible pollutants associated with construction activity please refer to Section 7.7.1. For a full and complete list of onsite pollutants, refer to the Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS), which are retained onsite at the construction trailer. 2.7 IDENTIFICATION OF NON-STORM WATER DISCHARGES Non-stormwater discharges consist of discharges which do not originate from precipitation events. The General Permit provides allowances for specified non-stormwater discharges that do not cause erosion or carry other pollutants. Non-stormwater discharges into storm drainage systems or waterways, which are not authorized under the General Permit and listed in the SWPPP, or authorized under a separate NPDES permit, are prohibited. Non-stormwater discharges that are authorized from this project site include the following: Water from dust control pipe flushing CASQA SWPPP Template 14 July 2012 These authorized non-stormwater discharges will be managed with the stormwater and non- stormwater BMPs described in Section 3 of this SWPPP and will be minimized by the QSP. Activities at this site that may result in unauthorized non-stormwater discharges include: ElNone Steps will be taken, including the implementation of appropriate BMPs, to ensure that unauthorized discharges are eliminated, controlled, disposed, or treated on-site. Discharges of construction materials and wastes, such as fuel or paint, resulting from dumping, spills, or direct contact with rainwater or stormwater runoff, are also prohibited. 2.8 REQUIRED SITE MAP INFORMATION The construction project's Site Map(s) showing the project location, surface water boundaries, geographic features, construction site perimeter and general topography and other requirements identified in Attachment B of the General Permit is located in Appendix B. Table 2.5 identifies Map or Sheet Nos. where required elements are illustrated. Table 2.5 Required Map Information Included on Map/Plan Sheet No. Required Element The project's surrounding area (vicinity) Site layout Construction site boundaries Drainage areas Discharge locations Sampling locations Areas of soil disturbance (temporary or permanent) Active areas of soil disturbance (cut or fill) Locations of runoff BMPs Locations of erosion control BMPs Locations of sediment control BMPs ATS location (if applicable) Locations of sensitive habitats, watercourses, or other features which are not to be disturbed ASQA SWPPP Template 15 July 2012 Table 2.5 Required Map Information Included on Map/Plan Sheet No. Required Element Locations of all post construction BMPs Waste storage areas Vehicle storage areas Material storage areas Entrance and Exits Fueling Locations Notes: (1) Indicate maps or drawings that information is included on (e.g., Vicinity Map, Site Map, Drainage Plans, Grading Plans, Progress Maps, etc.) CASQA SWPPP Template 16 July 2012 Section 3 Best Management Practices 3.1 SCHEDULE FOR BMP IMPLEMENTATION Table 3.1 BMP Implementation Schedule BMP Implementation Duration EC-1, Scheduling Prior to Construction Entirety of Project Where cleared/graded areas are exposed to rain or temporary Until disturbed draining EC-2 Hydraulic mulch irrigation, where disturbed areas area is permanently are inactive for an extended stabilized period Where cleared/graded areas are exposed to rain or temporary Until disturbed draining EC-4 Hydroseed irrigation, where disturbed areas area is permanently are inactive for an extended stabilized period Where cleared/graded areas are exposed to rain or temporary Until disturbed draining EC-5 Soil Binders irrigation, where disturbed areas area is permanently are inactive for an extended stabilized period Where cleared/graded areas are exposed to rain or temporary Until disturbed draining EC-6 Straw Mulch irrigation, where disturbed areas area is permanently are inactive for an extended stabilized period Until disturbed draining SE-1 Silt Fence Prior to Construction area is permanently stabilized '3 Until disturbed draining SE-5 Fiber Rolls Prior to Construction area is permanently stabilized Until disturbed draining SE-6 Gravel Bag Berm Prior to Construction area is permanently rA stabilized Until disturbed draining SE-7 Street Sweeping During Construction area is permanently stabilized - CASQA SWPPP Template 17 July 2012 Table 3.1 BMP Implementation Schedule BMP Implementation Duration SE- 10 Storm Inlet Until disturbed draining Protection Prior to Construction area is permanently stabilized TC-1 Stabilized Until disturbed draining Construction Entrance Prior to Construction area is permanently stabilized TC-3 Entrance Outlet Until disturbed draining Tire Wash Prior to Construction area is permanently stabilized ' . WE- I Wind Erosion During grading and demolition Until disturbed draining Control activities area is permanently stabilized 3.2 EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL Erosion and sediment controls are required by the General Permit to provide effective reduction or elimination of sediment related pollutants in stormwater discharges and authorized non- stonnwater discharges from the Site. Applicable BMPs are identified in this section for erosion control, sediment control, tracking control, and wind erosion control. 3.2.1 Erosion Control Erosion control, also referred to as soil stabilization, consists of source control measures that are designed to prevent soil particles from detaching and becoming transported in stormwater runoff. Erosion control BMPs protect the soil surface by covering and/or binding soil particles. This construction project will implement the following practices to provide effective temporary and final erosion control during construction: Preserve existing vegetation where required and when feasible. The area of soil disturbing operations shall be controlled such that the Contractor is able to implement erosion control BMPs quickly and effectively. Stabilize non-active areas within 14 days of cessation of construction activities or sooner if stipulated by local requirements. Control erosion in concentrated flow paths by applying erosion control blankets, check dams, erosion control seeding or alternate methods. Prior to the completion of construction, apply permanent erosion control to remaining disturbed soil areas. Sufficient erosion control materials shall be maintained onsite to allow implementation in conformance with this SWPPP. CASQA SWPPP Template 18 July 2012 The following temporary erosion control BUT selection table indicates the BMPs that shall be implemented to control erosion on the construction site. Fact Sheets for temporary erosion control BMPs are provided in ppendixH. ASQA SWPPP Template 19 July 2012 Table 3.2 Temporary Erosion Control BMPs CASQA Fact Sheet BMP Name Meets a Minimum Requirement' BMP Used If not used, state reason YES NO EC-1 Scheduling 1 1 EC-2 Preservation of Existing 1 Vegetation 1 There is no existing vegetation EC-3 Hydraulic Mulch 1(2) 1 EC-4 Hydroseed EC-5 Soil Binders 1(2) 1 EC-6 Straw Mulch j(2) EC-7 Geotextiles and Mats 1(2) 1 EC-8 Wood Mulching 1(2) 1 EC-9 Earth Dike and Drainage Swales j(3) I EC-10 Velocity Dissipation Devices I EC-11 Slope Drains I EC-12 Stream Bank Stabilization 1 Site is flat EC-14 Compost Blankets 1(2) / EC-15 Soil Preparation-Roughening I Site is flat EC-16 Non-Vegetated Stabilization /(2) / Site is flat WE-1 Wind Erosion Control I I Alternate BMPs Used: If used, state reason: Applicability to a specific project shall be determined by the QSD. The QSD shall ensure implementation of one of the minimum measures listed or a combination thereof to achieve and maintain the Risk Level requirements. Run-on from offsite shall be directed away from all disturbed areas, diversion of offsite flows may require design/analysis by a licensed civil engineer and/or additional environmental permitting CASQA SWPPP Template 20 July 2012 These temporary erosion control BMPs shall be implemented in conformance with the following guidelines and as outlined in the BMP Factsheets provided in ppendix H. If there is a conflict between documents, the Site Map will prevail over narrative in the body of the SWPPP or guidance in the BMP Fact Sheets. Site specific details in the Site Map prevail over standard details included in the Site Map. The narrative in the body of the SWPPP prevails over guidance in the BMP Fact Sheets. Scheduling A void rainy periods, schedule major grading operations during the dry months Hydraulic Mulch May be used for erosion control of inactive areas Hydroseed May be used for erosion control of inactive areas Soil Binders May be used for erosion control of inactive areas Straw Mulch May be used for erosion control of inactive areas Wood Mulching May be used for erosion control of inactive areas Earth Dike and Drainage Swales To convey storm water during construction Non-Vegetated Stabilization May be used for erosion control of inactive areas Wind Erosion Control Through out grading operations 3.2.2 Sediment Controls Sediment controls are temporary or permanent structural measures that are intended to complement the selected erosion control measures and reduce sediment discharges from active construction areas. Sediment controls are designed to intercept and settle out soil particles that have been detached and transported by the force of water. The following sediment control BMP selection table indicates the BMPs that shall be I implemented to control sediment on the construction site. Fact Sheets for temporary sediment control BMPs are provided in ppendixH. CASQA SWPPP Template 21 July 2012 Table 3.3 Temporary Sediment Control BMPs CASQA Fact Sheet BMP Name Meets a Minimum Requirement" BMP used ______ If not used, state reason _______ YES NO SE-i Silt Fence ,K(2)(3) SE-2 Sediment Basin I Not applicable SE-3 Sediment Trap I Not applicable SE-4 Check Dams I Not applicable SE-5 Fiber Rolls j(2)(3) SE-6 Gravel Bag Berm l(3) SE-7 Street Sweeping I v SE-8 Sandbag Barrier I Gravel bags will be used SE-9 Straw Bale Barrier I Gravel bags will be used SE-10 Storm Drain Inlet Protection I RL2&3 I SE-1 1 ATS I Not applicable SE-12 Manufactured Linear Sediment Controls Not applicable SE-13 Compost Sock and Berm j(3) SE-14 Biofilter Bags j(3) I TC- 1 Stabilized Construction Entrance and Exit I I TC-2 Stabilized Construction Roadway I Not applicable TC-3 Entrance Outlet Tire Wash I Alternate BMPs Used: If used, state reason: ) Applicability to a specific project shall be determined by the QSD (2) The QSD shall ensure implementation of one of the minimum measures listed or a combination thereof to achieve and maintain the Risk Level requirements (3)Risk Level 2 &3 shall provide linear sediment control along toe of slope, face of slope, and at the grade breaks of exposed slope CASQA SWPPP Template 22 July 2012 These temporary sediment control BMPs shall be implemented in conformance with the following guidelines and in accordance with the BMP Fact Sheets provided in Appendix H. If there is a conflict between documents, the Site Map will prevail over narrative in the body of the SWPPP or guidance in the BMP Fact Sheets. Site specific details in the Site Map prevail over standard details included in the Site Map. The narrative in the body of the SWPPP prevails over guidance in the BMP Fact Sheets. Silt Fence At construction limit perimeter Fiber Rolls At construction limit perimeter Gravel Bag Berm For inlet protection and sheet flow sediment control Street Sweeping As needed Storm Drain Inlet Protection At all affected inlets on site Compost Sock and Berm Can be used in lieu of gravel bags Biofilter Bags Can be used in lieu of gravel bags Stabilized Construction Entrance and Exit At the driveway to prevent tracking Entrance Outlet Tire Wash At the driveway to prevent tracking 3.3 NON-STORM WATER CONTROLS AND WASTE AND MATERIALS MANAGEMENT 3.3.1 Non-Stormwater Controls Non-stormwater discharges into storm drainage systems or waterways, which are not authorized under the General Permit, are prohibited. Non-stormwater discharges for which a separate NPDES permit is required by the local Regional Water Board are prohibited unless coverage under the separate NPDES permit has been obtained for the discharge. The selection of non- stormwater BMPs is based on the list of construction activities with a potential for non- stormwater discharges identified in Section 2.7 of this SWPPP. CASQA SWPPP Template 23 July 2012 The following non-stormwater control BMP selection table indicates the BMPs that shall be implemented to control sediment on the construction site. Fact Sheets for temporary non- stormwater control BMPs are provided in ppendix H. CASQA SWPPP Template 24 July 2012 Table 3.4 Temporary Non-Stormwater BMPs CAS(IA Fact Sheet BMP Name Meets a Minimum Requirement (I) BMP used If not used, state reason YES NO NS-1 Water Conservation Practices / NS-2 Dewatering Operation / Not applicable NS-3 Paving and Grinding Operation NS-4 Temporary Stream Crossing / Not applicable NS-5 Clear Water Diversion / Not applicable NS-6 Illicit Connection/Discharge NS-7 Potable Water/Irrigation / NS-8 Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning NS-9 Vehicle and Equipment Fueling / / NS-10 Vehicle and Equipment Maintenance NS-11 Pile Driving Operation / Not applicable NS-12 Concrete Curing / NS-13 Concrete Finishing / NS-14 Material and Equipment Use Over Water / Not applicable NS-15 Demolition Removal Adjacent to Water / NS-16 Temporary Batch Plants / Not applicable Alternate BMPs Used: If used, state reason: (I) Applicability to a specific project shall be determined by the QSD CASQA SWPPP Template 25 July 2012 Non-stormwater BMPs shall be implemented in conformance with the following guidelines and in accordance with the BMP Fact Sheets provided in !Appendix H. If there is a conflict between documents, the Site Map will prevail over narrative in the body of the SWPPP or guidance in the BMP Fact Sheets. Site specific details in the Site Map prevail over standard details included in the Site Map. The narrative in the body of the SWPPP prevails over guidance in the BUT Fact Sheets. Water Conservation Practices Keep water equipment in good working condition. Stabilize water truck filling area. Repair water leaks promptly, Washing of vehicles and equipment on the construction site is discouraged, avoid using water to clean construction areas. If water must be used for cleaning or surface preparation, surface should be swept and vacuumed first to remove dirt. Illicit Connection/Discharge Inspect site before beginning the job for evidence of illicit connections, illegal dumping or discharges. Document any pre-existing conditions and notify the owner. Inspect site regularly during project execution for evidence of illicit connections, illegal dumping or discharges. Potable Water/Irrigation Direct water from offsite sources around or through a construction site, where feasible, in a way that minimizes contact with the construction site, discharges from water line flushing should be reused for landscaping purposes where feasible, shut off the water source to broken lines, sprinklers, or valves as soon as possible to prevent excess water flow. Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning Other options to washing equipment onsite include contracting with either an offsite or mobile commercial washing business. These businesses may be better equipped to handle and dispose of the wash waters properly. Performing this work offsite can also be economical by eliminating the need for a separate washing operation onsite. If washing operations are to take place onsite, then: Educate employees and subcontractors on pollution prevention measures Vehicle and Equipment Fueling Other options to washing equipment onsite include contracting with either an offsite or mobile commercial washing business. These businesses may be better equipped to handle and dispose of the wash waters properly. Performing this work offsite can also be economical by eliminating the need for a separate washing operation onsite. If washing operations are to take place onsite, then: Educate employees and subcontractors on pollution prevention measures Vehicle and Equipment Maintenance CASQA SWPPP Template 26 July 2012 Use offsite fueling stations as much as possible. These businesses are better equipped to handle fuel and spills properly. Performing this work offsite can also be economical by eliminating the need for a separate fueling area at a site. Absorbent spill cleanup materials and spill kits should be available in fueling areas and on fueling trucks, and should be disposed of properly after use. If maintenance must occur onsite, use designated areas, located away from drainage courses. Dedicated maintenance areas should be protected from stormwater runon and runoff, and should be located at least 50 ft from downstream drainage facilities and watercourses. Concrete Curing Avoid over spray of curing compounds, minimize the drift by applying the curing compound close to the concrete surface. Apply an amount of compound that covers the surface, but does not allow any runoff of the compound, Use proper storage and handling techniques for concrete curing compounds. For water curing, direct cure water away from inlets and watercourses to collection areas for evaporation or other means of removal in accordance with all applicable permits. Concrete Finishing Collect and properly dispose of water from high-pressure water blasting operations. collect contaminated water from blasting operations at the top of slopes. Transport or dispose of contaminated water while using BMPs such as those for erosion control, direct water from blasting operations away from inlets and watercourses to collection areas for infiltration or other means of removal. Protect inlets during sandblasting operations. 3.3.2 Materials Management and Waste Management Materials management control practices consist of implementing procedural and structural BMPs for handling, storing and using construction materials to prevent the release of those materials into stormwater discharges. The amount and type of construction materials to be utilized at the Site will depend upon the type of construction and the length of the construction period. The materials may be used continuously, such as fuel for vehicles and equipment, or the materials may be used for a discrete period, such as soil binders for temporary stabilization. Waste management consist of implementing procedural and structural BMPs for handling, storing and ensuring proper disposal of wastes to prevent the release of those wastes into stormwater discharges. Waste management should be conducted in accordance with the Project's Construction Waste Management Plan. Materials and waste management pollution control BMPs shall be implemented to minimize stormwater contact with construction materials, wastes and service areas; and to prevent materials and wastes from being discharged off-site. The primary mechanisms for stormwater contact that shall be addressed include: . Direct contact with precipitation Contact with stormwater run-on and runoff Wind dispersion of loose materials CASQA SWPPP Template 27 July 2012 Direct discharge to the storm drain system through spills or dumping Extended contact with some materials and wastes, such as asphalt cold mix and treated wood products, which can leach pollutants into stormwater. A list of construction activities is provided in Section 2.6. The following Materials and Waste Management BMP selection table indicates the BMPs that shall be implemented to handle materials and control construction site wastes associated with these construction activities. Fact Sheets for Materials and Waste Management BMPs are provided in Appendix H. CASQA SWPPP Template 28 July 2012 I-. Table 3.5 Temporary Materials Management BMPs CASQA Fact Sheet BMP Name Meets a Minimum Requirement' BMP used _____ _____ If not used, state reason YES NO WM-01 Material Delivery and Storage I I WM-02 Material Use 1 WM-03 Stockpile Management 1 1 WM-04 Spill Prevention and Control 1 1 WM-05 Solid Waste Management 1 1 WM-06 Hazardous Waste Management 1 1 WM-07 Contaminated Soil Management 1 Not Applicable WM-08 Concrete Waste Management I WM09 Sanitary-Septic Waste Management 1 WM- 10 Liquid Waste Management I Not Applicable Alternate BMPs Used: If used, state reason: Applicability to a specific project shall be determined by the QSD. CASQA SWPPP Template 29 July 2012 Material management BMPs shall be implemented in conformance with the following guidelines and in accordance with the BMP Fact Sheets provided in Appendix H. If there is a conflict between documents, the Site Map will prevail over narrative in the body of the SWPPP or guidance in the BMP Fact Sheets. Site specific details in the Site Map prevail over standard details included in the Site Map. The narrative in the body of the SWPPP prevails over guidance in the BMP Fact Sheets. Material Delivery and Storage The following steps should be taken to minimize risk: Chemicals must be stored in water tight containers with appropriate secondary containment or in a storage shed. When a material storage area is located on bare soil, the area should be lined and bermed. Use containment pallets or other practical and available solutions, such as storing materials within newly constructed buildings or garages, to meet material storage requirements. . Stack erodible landscape material on pallets and cover when not in use. Contain all fertilizers and other landscape materials when not in use. Temporary storage areas should be located away from vehicular traffic. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) should be available on-site for all materials stored that have the potential to effect water quality. Construction site areas should be designated for material delivery and storage. Material delivery and storage areas should be located away from waterways, if possible. A void transport near drainage paths or waterways. Surround with earth berms or other appropriate containment BUT. See EC-9, Earth Dikes and Drainage Swales. Place in an area that will be paved. Storage of reactive, ignitable, or flammable liquids must comply with the fire codes of your area. Contact the local Fire Marshal to review site materials, quantities, and proposed storage area to determine specific requirements. See the Flammable and Combustible Liquid Code, NFPA30. An up to date inventory of materials delivered and stored onsite should be kept. Material Use The following steps should be taken to minimize risk: Minimize use of hazardous materials onsite. Follow manufacturer instructions regarding uses, protective equipment, ventilation, flammability, and mixing of chemicals. CASQA SWPPP Template 30 July 2012 Train personnel who use pesticides. The California Department of Pesticide Regulation and county agricultural commissioners license pesticide dealers, certify pesticide applicators, and conduct onsite inspections. Stockpile Management Protection of stockpiles is a year-round requirement. To properly manage stockpiles on larger I sites, a minimum of 50 ft separation from concentrated flows of stormwater, drainage courses, and inlets is recommended. Spill Prevention and Control Be aware that different materials pollute in different amounts. Make sure that each employee knows what a "significant spill" is for each material they use, and what is the appropriate response for "significant" and "insignificant" spills. Educate employees and subcontractors on potential dangers to humans and the environment from spills and leaks. Hold regular meetings to discuss and reinforce appropriate disposal procedures (incorporate into regular safety meetings). Establish a continuing education program to indoctrinate new employees. Have contractor's superintendent or representative oversee and enforce proper spill prevention and control measures. Solid Waste Management The following steps will help keep a clean site and reduce stormwater pollution: Select designated waste collection areas onsite. Inform trash-hauling contractors that you will accept only watertight dumpsters for onsite use. Inspect dumpsters for leaks and repair any dumpster that is not watertight. Locate containers in a covered area or in a secondary containment. Provide an adequate number of containers with lids or covers that can be placed over the container to keep rain out or to prevent loss of wastes when it is windy. Cover waste containers at the end of each work day and when it is raining. Plan for additional containers and more frequent pickup during the demolition phase of construction. Collect site trash daily, especially during rainy and windy conditions. Remove this solid waste promptly since erosion and sediment control devices tend to collect litter. CASQA SWPPP Template 31 July 2012 Make sure that toxic liquid wastes (used oils, solvents, and paints) and chemicals (acids, pesticides, additives, curing compounds) are not disposed of in dumpsters designated for construction debris. Do not hose out dumpsters on the construction site. Leave dumpster cleaning to the trash hauling contractor. Arrange for regular waste collection before containers overflow. Clean up immediately if a container does spill. Make sure that construction waste is collected, removed, and disposed of only at authorized disposal areas. Hazardous Waste Management Wastes should be stored in sealed containers constructed of a suitable material and should be labeled as required by Title 22 CCR, Division 4.5 and 49 CFR Parts 172, 173, 178, and 179. All hazardous waste should be stored, transported, and disposed as required in Title 22 CCR, Division 4.5 and 49 CFR 261-263. Waste containers should be stored in temporary containment facilities Educate employees and subcontractors on hazardous waste storage and disposal procedures. Educate employees and subcontractors on potential dangers to humans and the environment from hazardous wastes. Instruct employees and subcontractors on safety procedures for common construction site hazardous wastes. Instruct employees and subcontractors in identification of hazardous and solid waste. Contaminated Soil Management The site does not have any evidence of presence of contaminated soils The following will help reduce stormwater pollution from contaminated soil. Prevent leaks and spills. Contaminated soil can be expensive to treat and dispose of properly. However, addressing the problem before construction is much less expensive than after the structures are in place. Concrete Waste Management The following steps will help reduce stormwater pollution from concrete wastes: Incorporate requirements for concrete waste management into material supplier and subcontractor agreements. Store dry and wet materials under cover, away from drainage areas. Refer to WM- 1, Material Delivery and Storage for more information. CASQA SWPPP Template 32 July 2012 Avoid mixing excess amounts of concrete. Perform washout of concrete trucks in designated areas only, where washout will not reach stormwater. Do not wash out concrete trucks into storm drains, open ditches, streets, streams or onto the ground. Trucks should always be washed out into designated facilities. Do not allow excess concrete to be dumped onsite, except in designated areas. On larger sites, it is recommended to locate washout areas at least 50 feet from storm drains, open ditches, or water bodies. Do not allow runoff from this area by constructing a temporary pit or bermed area large enough for liquid and solid waste. Washout wastes into the temporary washout where the concrete can set, be broken up, and then disposed properly. Washouts shall be implemented in a manner that prevents leaching to underlying soils. Washout containers must be water tight and washouts on or in the ground must be lined with a suitable impervious liner, typically a plastic type material. Sanitary-Septic Waste Management Temporary sanitary facilities should be located away from drainage facilities, watercourses, and from traffic circulation. If site conditions allow, place portable facilities a minimum of 50 feet from drainage conveyances and traffic areas. When subjected to high winds or risk of high winds, temporary sanitary facilities should be secured to prevent overturning. Temporary sanitary facilities must be equipped with containment to prevent discharge of pollutants to the stormwater drainage system of the receiving water. 3.4 POST CONSTRUCTION STORM WATER MANAGEMENT MEASURES Post construction BMPs are permanent measures installed during construction, designed to reduce or eliminate pollutant discharges from the site after construction is completed. This site is located in an area subject to a Phase I or Phase II Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) permit approved Stormwater Management Plan. Z Yes No Post construction runoff reduction requirements have been satisfied through the MS4 program, this project is exempt from provision XIII A of the General Permit. The Atlas Beta Building has an existing Water Quality Management Plan approved by the City of Carlsbad per San Diego County Drainage Area Management Plan. ASQA SWPPP Template 33 July 2012 Section 4 BMP Inspection, Maintenance, and Rain Event Action Plans 4.1 BMP INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE The General Permit requires routine weekly inspections of BMPs, along with inspections before, during, and after qualifying rain events. A BMP inspection checklist must be filled out for inspections and maintained on-site with the SWPPP. The inspection checklist includes the necessary information covered in Section 7.6. A blank inspection checklist can be found in Appendix I. Completed checklists shall be kept in CSMP Attachment 2 "Monitoring Records. BMPs shall be maintained regularly to ensure proper and effective functionality. If necessary, corrective actions shall be implemented within 72 hours of identified deficiencies and associated amendments to the SWPPP shall be prepared by the QSD. Specific details for maintenance, inspection, and repair of Construction Site BMPs can be found in the BMP Factsheets in Appendix H. 4.2 RAIN EVENT ACTION PLANS The Rain Event Action Plans (REAP) is written document designed to be used as a planning tool by the QSP to-protect exposed portions of project sites and to ensure that the discharger has adequate materials, staff, and time to implement erosion and sediment control measures. These measures are intended to reduce the amount of sediment and other pollutants that could be generated during the rain event. It is the responsibility of the QSP to be aware of precipitation forecast and to obtain and print copies of forecasted precipitation from NOAA's National Weather Service Forecast Office. The SWPPP includes REAP templates but the QSP will need to customize them for each rain event. Site-specific REAP templates for each applicable project phase can be found in Appendix J. The QSP shall maintain a paper copy of completed REAPs in compliance with the record retention requirements Section 1.5 of this SWPPP. Completed REAPs shall be maintained in Appendix J. The QSP will develop an event specific REAP 48 hours in advance of a precipitation event forecast to have a 50% or greater chance of producing precipitation in the project area. The REAP will be onsite and be implemented 24 hours in advance of any the predicted precipitation event. At minimum the REAP will include the following site and phase-specific information: Site Address; Calculated Risk Level; Site Stormwater Manager Information including the name, company and 24-hour emergency telephone number; Erosion and Sediment Control Provider information including the name, company and 24-hour emergency telephone number; CASQA SWPPP Template 34 July 2012 Stormwater Sampling Agent information including the name, company, and 24-hour emergency telephone number; Activities associated with each construction phase; Trades active on the construction site during each construction phase; Trade contractor information; and Recommended actions for each project phase. CASQA SWPPP Template 35 July 2012 Section 5 Training AppendixlJ identifies the QSPs for the project. To promote stormwater management awareness specific for this project, periodic training of job-site personnel shall be included as part of routine project meetings (e.g. daily/weekly tailgate safety meetings), or task specific trainings as needed. The QSP shall be responsible for providing this information at the meetings, and subsequently completing the training logs shown in ppendix K, which identifies the site-specific stormwater topics covered as well as the names of site personnel who attended the meeting. Tasks may be delegated to trained employees by the QSP provided adequate supervision and oversight is provided. Training shall correspond to the specific task delegated including: SWPPP implementation; BMP inspection and maintenance; and record keeping. Documentation of training activities (formal and informal) is retained in SWPPP endix K. CASQA SWPPP Template 36 July 2012 Section 6 Responsible Parties and Operators 6.1 RESPONSIBLE PARTIES Approved Signatory who are responsible for SWPPP implementation and have authority to sign permit-related documents is listed below. Written authorizations from the LRP for these individuals are provided in Appendix L. The Approved Signatory assigned to this project is: Name Title Phone Number Jim Fitzpatrick Real Estate/Development Manager (818) 749-8846 QSPs identified for the project are identified in pendix L'. The QSP shall have primary responsibility and significant authority for the implementation, maintenance and inspection/monitoring of SWPPP requirements. The QSP will be available at all times throughout the duration of the project. Duties of the QSP include but are not limited to: Implementing all elements of the General Permit and SWPPP, including but not limited to: Ensuring all BMPs are implemented, inspected, and properly maintained; Performing non-stormwater and stormwater visual observations and inspections; Performing non-stormwater and storm sampling and analysis, as required; Performing routine inspections and observations; Implementing non-stormwater management, and materials and waste management activities such as: monitoring discharges; general Site clean-up; vehicle and equipment cleaning, fueling and maintenance; spill control; ensuring that no materials other than stormwater are discharged in quantities which will have an adverse effect on receiving waters or storm drain systems; etc.; The QSP may delegate these inspections and activities to an appropriately trained employee, but shall ensure adequacy and adequate deployment. Ensuring elimination of unauthorized discharges. The QSPs shall be assigned authority by the LRP to mobilize crews in order to make immediate repairs to the control measures. Coordinate with the Contractor(s) to assure all of the necessary corrections/repairs are made immediately and that the project complies with the SWPPP, the General Permit and approved plans at all times. Notifying the LRP or Authorized Signatory immediately of off-site discharges or other non-compliance events. CASQA SWPPP Template 37 July 2012 6.2 CONTRACTOR LIST Contractor Name: TBD Title: Company: Address: Phone Number: Number (24/7): CASQA SWPPP Template 38 July 2012 Section 7 Construction Site Monitoring Program 7.1 Purpose This Construction Site Monitoring Program was developed to address the following objectives: To demonstrate that the site is in compliance with the Discharge Prohibitions and Numeric Action Levels (NALs) of the Construction General Permit; To determine whether non-visible pollutants are present at the construction site and are causing or contributing to exceedances of water quality objectives; To determine whether immediate corrective actions, additional Best Management Practices (BMP) implementation, or SWPPP revisions are necessary to reduce pollutants in stormwater discharges and authorized non-stormwater discharges; To determine whether BMPs included in the SWPPP and REAP are effective in preventing or reducing pollutants in stormwater discharges and authorized non- stormwater discharges. 7.2 Applicability of Permit Requirements Risk Level 2 Visual inspections of Best Management Practices (BMPs); Visual monitoring of the site related to qualifying storm events; Visual monitoring of the site for non-stormwater discharges; Sampling and analysis of construction site runoff for pH and turbidity; Sampling and analysis of construction site runoff for non-visible pollutants when applicable; and Sampling and analysis of non-stormwater discharges when applicable. CASQA SWPPP Template 39 July 2012 7.3. Weather and Rain Event Tracking Visual monitoring and inspections requirements of the General Permit are triggered by a qualifying rain event. The General Permit defines a qualifying rain event as any event that produces '/2 inch of precipitation. A minimum of 48 hours of dry weather will be used to distinguish between separate qualifying storm events. Visual monitoring, inspections, and sampling requirements of the General Permit are triggered by a qualifying rain event. The General Permit defines a qualifying rain event as any event that produces 1/2 inch of precipitation. A minimum of 48 hours of dry weather will be used to distinguish between separate qualifying storm events. 7.3.1 Weather Tracking The QSP should daily consult the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) for the weather forecasts. These forecasts can be obtained at http://www.srh.noaa.gov/. Weather reports should be printed and maintained with the SWPPP in CSMP Attachment 1 "Weather Reports". 7.3.2 Rain Gauges The QSP shall install one rain gauge on the project site. Locate the gauge in an open area away from obstructions such as trees or overhangs. Mount the gauge on a post at a height of 3 to 5 feet with the gauge extending several inches beyond the post. Make sure that the top of the gauge is level. Make sure the post is not in an area where rainwater can indirectly splash from sheds, equipment, trailers, etc. The rain gauge shall be read daily during normal site scheduled hours. The rain gauge should be read at approximately the same time every day and the date and time of each reading recorded. Log rain gauge readings in CSMP Attachment 1 "Weather Records. Follow the rain gauge instructions to obtain accurate measurements. Once the rain gauge reading has been recorded, accumulated rain shall be emptied and the gauge reset. For comparison with the site rain gauge, the nearest appropriate governmental rain gauge is located in Oceanside, CA. 7.4 Monitoring Locations Monitoring locations are shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B. Monitoring locations are described in the Sections 7.6 and 7.7. Whenever changes in the construction site might affect the appropriateness of sampling locations, the sampling locations shall be revised accordingly. All such revisions shall be implemented as soon as feasible and the SWPPP amended. Temporary changes that result in a one-time additional sampling location do not require a SWPPP amendment. CASQA SWPPP Template 40 July 2012 7.5 Safety and Monitoring Exemptions Safety practices for sample collection will be in accordance with the Contractor's Health and Safety Plan for the Project Contractor's Health and Safety Plan for the Project. This project is not required to collect samples or conduct visual observations (inspections) under the following conditions: During dangerous weather conditions such as flooding and electrical storms Outside of scheduled site business hours. Scheduled site business hours are: Monday thru Friday 6 a.m. to 5 p.m. If monitoring (visual monitoring or sample collection) of the site is unsafe because of the dangerous conditions noted above then the QSP shall document the conditions for why an exception to performing the monitoring was necessary. The exemption documentation shall be filed in CSMP Attachment 2 "Monitoring Records". 7.6 Visual Monitoring Visual monitoring includes observations and inspections. Inspections of BMPs are required to. identify and record BMPs that need maintenance to operate effectively, that have failed, or that could fail to operate as intended. Visual observations of the site are required to observe storm water drainage areas to identify any spills, leaks, or uncontrolled pollutant sources. Table 7.1 identifies the required frequency of visual observations and inspections. Inspections and observations will be conducted at the locations identified in Section 7.6.3. Table 7.1 Summary of Visual Monitoring and Inspections Type of Inspection Frequency Routine Inspections BMP Inspections Weekly' BMP Inspections - Tracking Control Daily Non-Stormwater Discharge Observations Quarterly during daylight hours Rain Event Triggered Inspections Site Inspections Prior to a Qualifying Event Within 48 hours of a qualifying event BMP Inspections During an Extended Storm Event Every 24-hour period of a rain event' Site Inspections Following a Qualifying Event Within 48 hours of a qualifying event2 Most BMPs must be inspected weekly; those identified below must be inspected more frequently. 2 Inspections are required during scheduled site operating hours. Inspections are required during scheduled site operating hours regardless of the amount of precipitation on any given day. GASQA SWPPP Template 41 July 2012 7.6.1 Routine Observations and Inspections Routine site inspections and visual monitoring are necessary to ensure that the project is in compliance with the requirements of the Construction General Permit. 7.6.1.1 Routine BMP Inspections Inspections of BMPs are conducted to identify and record: BMPs that are properly installed; BMPs that need maintenance to operate effectively; BMPs that have failed; or BMPs that could fail to operate as intended. 7.6.1.2 Non-Storm water Discharge Observations Each drainage area will be inspected for the presence of or indications of prior unauthorized and authorized non-stormwater discharges. Inspections will record: Presence or evidence of any non-stormwater discharge (authorized or unauthorized); Pollutant characteristics (floating and suspended material, sheen, discoloration, turbidity, odor, etc.); and Source of discharge. 7.6.2 Rain-Event Triggered Observations and Inspections Visual observations of the site and inspections of BMPs are required prior to a qualifying rain event; following a qualifying rain event, and every 24-hour period during a qualifying rain event. Pre-rain inspections will be conducted after consulting NOAA and determining that a precipitation event with a 50% or greater probability of precipitation has been predicted. 7.6.2.1 Visual Observations Prior to a Forecasted Qualifying Rain Event Within 48-hours prior to a qualifying event a stormwater visual monitoring site inspection will include observations of the following locations: Stormwater drainage areas to identify any spills, leaks, or uncontrolled pollutant sources; BMPs to identify if they have been properly implemented; Any stormwater storage and containment areas to detect leaks and ensure maintenance of adequate freeboard. BMP inspections and visual monitoring will be triggered by a NOAA prediction of rain in the project area. Safety practices for sample collection will be in accordance with the Contractor's Health and Safety Plan for the Project Contractor's Health and Safety Plan for the Project. This project is not required to collect samples or conduct visual observations (inspections) under the following conditions: • During dangerous weather conditions such as flooding and electrical storms Outside of scheduled site business hours. Scheduled site business hours are: Monday thru Friday 6 a.m. to 5 p.m. CASQA SWPPP Template 42 July 2012 If monitoring (visual monitoring or sample collection) of the site is unsafe because of the dangerous conditions noted above then the QSP shall document the conditions for why an exception to performing the monitoring was necessary. The exemption documentation shall be filed in CSMP Attachment 2 "Monitoring Records". or Consistent with guidance from the State Water Resources Control Board, pre-rain BMP inspections and visual monitoring will be triggered by a NOAA forecast that indicates a probability of precipitation of 50% or more in the project area. or BMP inspections and visual monitoring will be triggered by a NOAA quantitative predicted forecast (QPF) that indicates V2-inch or more of rain will occur in the project area.] 7.6.2.2 BMP Inspections During an Extended Storm Event During an extended rain event BMP inspections will be conducted to identify and record: BMPs that are properly installed; BMPs that need maintenance to operate effectively; BMPs that have failed; or BMPs that could fail to operate as intended. If the construction site is not accessible during the rain event, the visual inspections shall be performed at all relevant outfalls, discharge points, downstream locations. The inspections should record any projected maintenance activities. 7.6.2.3 Visual Observations Following a Qualifying Rain Event Within 48 hours following a qualifying rain event (0.5 inches of rain) a stormwater visual monitoring site inspection is required to observe: Stormwater drainage areas to identify any spills, leaks, or uncontrolled pollutant sources; BMPs to identify if they have been properly designed, implemented, and effective; Need for additional BIVIPs; Any stormwater storage and containment areas to detect leaks and ensure maintenance of adequate freeboard; and Discharge of stored or contained rain water. 7.6.3 Visual Monitoring Procedures Visual monitoring shall be conducted by the QSP or staff trained by and under the supervision of the QSP. The name(s) and contact number(s) of the site visual monitoring personnel are listed below and their training qualifications are provided in Appendix K. Assigned inspector: TBD Contact phone: ITIt Alternate inspector: TBD Contact phone: CASQA SWPPP Template 43 July 2012 Stormwater observations shall be documented on the Visual Inspection Field Log Sheet (see CSMP Attachment 3 "Example Forms"). BMP inspections shall be documented on the site specific BMP inspection checklist. Any photographs used to document observations will be referenced on stormwater site inspection report and maintained with the Monitoring Records in Attachment 2. The QSP shall within 7 days of the inspection submit copies of the completed inspection report to Owner. The completed reports will be kept in CSMP Attachment 2 "Monitoring Records". CASQA SWPPP Template 44 July 2012 1 7.6.4 Visual Monitoring Follow-Up and Reporting Correction of deficiencies identified by the observations or inspections, including required repairs or maintenance of BMPs, shall be initiated and completed as soon as possible. If identified deficiencies require design changes, including additional BMPs, the implementation of changes will be initiated within 72 hours of identification and be completed as soon as possible. When design changes to BMPs are required, the SWPPP shall be amended to reflect the changes. Deficiencies identified in site inspection reports and correction of deficiencies will be tracked on the Inspection Field Log Sheet or BMP Inspection Report and shall be submitted to the QSP and shall be kept in CSMP Attachment 2 "Monitoring Records". The QSP shall within 7 days of the inspection submit copies of the completed Inspection Field Log Sheet or BMP Inspection Report with the corrective actions to Owner. Results of visual monitoring must be summarized and reported in the Annual Report. 7.6.5 Visual Monitoring Locations The inspections and observations identified in Sections 7.6.1 and 7.6.2 will be conducted at the locations identified in this section. BMP locations are shown on the Site Maps in SWPPP Appendix A. There is one drainage area on the project site and the contractor's yard, staging areas, and storage areas. Drainage area is shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B and Table 7.2 identifies each drainage area by location. Table 7.2 Site Drainage Areas Location Location No. All the site is one drainage area I 1 There is one stormwater storage area on the project site. Stormwater storage or containment area is shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B and Table 7.3 identifies each stormwater storage or containment area by location. Table 7.3 Stormwater Storage and Containment Areas Location No. Location I At the north east corner of the lot at the lot entrance [1 1 CASQA SWPPP Template 45 July 2012 There are two discharge location on the project site. Site stormwater discharge location(s) are shown on the te Maps in Append and rfab1 identifies each stormwater discharge location. Table 7.4 Site Stormwater Discharge Locations Location Location No. I At the north east corner of the lot at the lot entrance 2 At the east access from lot 2 where the f type catch basin is 7.7 Water Quality Sampling and Analysis 7.7.1 Sampling and Analysis Plan for Non-Visible Pollutants in Stormwater Runoff Discharges This Sampling and Analysis Plan for Non-Visible Pollutants describes the sampling and analysis strategy and schedule for monitoring non-visible pollutants in stormwater runoff discharges from the project site. Sampling for non-visible pollutants will be conducted when (1) a breach, leakage, malfunction, or spill is observed; and (2) the leak or spill has not been cleaned up prior to the rain event; and (3) there is the potential for discharge of non-visible pollutants to surface waters or drainage system. The project has the potential to receive stormwater run-on from the following locations with the potential to contribute non-visible pollutants to stormwater discharges from the project. Locations of such run-on to the project site are shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B. . None CASQA SWPPP Template 46 July 2012 7.7.1.1 Sampling Schedule Samples for the potential non-visible pollutant(s) and a sufficiently large unaffected background sample shall be collected during the first two hours of discharge from rain events that result in a sufficient discharge for sample collection. Samples shall be collected during the site's scheduled hours and shall be collected regardless of the time of year and phase of the construction. Collection of discharge samples for non-visible pollutant monitoring will be triggered when any of the following conditions are observed during site inspections conducted prior to or during a rain event. Materials or wastes containing potential non-visible pollutants are not stored under watertight conditions. Watertight conditions are defined as (1) storage in a watertight container, (2) storage under a watertight roof or within a building, or (3) protected by temporary cover and containment that prevents stormwater contact and runoff from the storage area. Materials or wastes containing potential non-visible pollutants are stored under watertight conditions, but (1) a breach, malfunction, leakage, or spill is observed, (2) the leak or spill is not cleaned up prior to the rain event, and (3) there is the potential for discharge of non-visible pollutants to surface waters or a storm drain system. A construction activity, including but not limited to those in Section 2.6, with the potential to contribute non-visible pollutants (1) was occurring during or within 24 hours prior to the rain event, (2) BMPs were observed to be breached, malfunctioning, or improperly implemented, and (3) there is the potential for discharge of non-visible pollutants to surface waters or a storm drain system. Soil amendments that have the potential to change the chemical properties, engineering properties, or erosion resistance of the soil have been applied, and there is the potential for discharge of non-visible pollutants to surface waters or a storm drain system. Stormwater runoff from an area contaminated by historical usage of the site has been observed to combine with storinwater runoff from the site, and there is the potential for discharge of non-visible pollutants to surface waters or a storm drain system. 7.7.1.2 Sampling Locations Sampling locations are based on proximity to planned non-visible pollutant storage, occurrence or use; accessibility for sampling, and personnel safety. Planned non-visible pollutant sampling locations are shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B and include the locations identified in Tables 7.5 through 7.9. Two sampling location(s) on the project site and the contractor's yard have been identified for the collection of samples of runoff from planned material and waste storage areas and areas where non-visible pollutant producing construction activities are planned. CASQA SWPPP Template 47 July 2012 Table 7.5 Non-Visible Pollutant Sample Locations - Contractors' Yard Sample Location Sample Location Latitude and Number Sample Location Description Longitude (Decimal Degrees) 1 East property line at F type catch basin i[EiitLatitude1] Eei1ngith&] [Ei téLatitude1 2 North east entrance at catch basin If a stormwater visual monitoring site inspection conducted prior to or during a storm event identifies the presence of a material storage, waste storage, or operations area with spills or the potential for the discharge of non-visible pollutants to surface waters or a storm drain system that is at a location not listed above and has not been identified on the Site Maps, sampling locations will be selected by the QSP using the same rationale as that used to identify planned locations. Non-visible pollutant sam ling locations shall be identified by the QSP on the pre-rain event inspection form [ndior Ra in: Eveift Actin Pl7 prior to a forecasted qualifying rain event. 7.7.1.3 Monitoring Preparation Non-visible pollutant samples will be collected by: Contractor LI Yes Z No Consultant LI Yes Z No Laboratory Z Yes LI No Samples on the project site will be collected by the following contractor sampling personnel: An adequate stock of monitoring supplies and equipment for monitoring non-visible pollutants will be available on the project site prior to a sampling event. Monitoring supplies and equipment will be stored in a cool temperature environment that will not come into contact with rain or direct sunlight. Sampling personnel will be available to collect samples in accordance with the sampling schedule. Supplies maintained at the project site will include, but are not limited to, clean powder-free nitrile gloves, sample collection equipment, coolers, appropriate number and volume of sample bottles, identification labels, re-sealable storage bags, paper towels, personal rain gear, ice, and Effluent Sampling Field Log Sheets and Chain of Custody (CoC) forms, which are provided in çSMP Attachment 3 "Example Forms". ASQA SWPPP Template 48 July 2012 Samples on the project site will be collected by the TBD: Company Name: Street Address: I City, State Zip: I Telephone Number: I Point of Contact: I I Name of Sampler(s): I 1 Name of Alternate(s): I The QSP or his/her designee will contact the laboratory 2r to a predicted rain event or for an unpredicted event, as soon as a rain event begins if one of the triggering conditions is identified during an inspection to ensure that adequate sample collection personnel and supplies for monitoring non-visible pollutants are available and will be mobilized to collect samples on the project site in accordance with the sampling schedule. 7.7.1.4 Analytical Constituents Table 7.10 lists the specific sources and types of potential non-visible pollutants on the project site and the water quality indicator constituent(s) for that pollutant. Table 7.10 Potential Non-Visible Pollutants and Water Quality Indicator Constituents Table 7.10 Common Non-Visible Pollutants and Water Quality Indicator Constituents Worksheet General Work Activity/Potential Pollutants Water Quality Indicators of Potential Constituents (Review product literature and Material Safety Data Sheets to confirm potential constituents) Adhesives COD, Phenols, SVOCs Asphalt Work VOCs Cleaning Acids pH Bleaches Residual chlorine TSP Phosphate Solvents VOCs, SVOCs Detergents MBAS Concrete / Masonry Work Sealant (Methyl methacrylate) SVOC Curing compounds VOCs, SVOCs, pH CASQA SWPPP Template 49 July 2012 Table 7.10 Potential Non-Visible Pollutants and Water Quality Indicator Constituents Table 7.10 Common Non-Visible Pollutants and Water Quality Indicator Constituents Worksheet General Work Activity/Potential Pollutants Water Quality Indicators of Potential Constituents (Review product literature and Material Safety Data Sheets to confirm potential constituents) Ash, slag, sand pH, Al, Ca, Va, Zn Drywall Cu, Al, General Minerals Framing / Carpentry Treated Wood Cu, Cr, As, Zn Particle board Formaldehyde Untreated wood BOD Grading / Earthworks Gypsum / Lime amendments pH Contaminated Soil Constituents specific to known contaminants, check with Laboratory Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning Freon Insulation Al, Zn Landscaping Pesticides/Herbicides Product dependent, see label and check with Laboratory Fertilizers TKN, NO3, BOD, COD, DOC, Sulfate, NH3, Phosphate, Potassium Aluminum sulfate Al, TDS, Sulfate Liquid Waste Constituents specific to materials, check with Laboratory Painting Resins COD, SVOCs Thinners COD, VOCs Paint strippers VOCs, SVOCs, metals Lacquers, varnishes, enamels COD, VOCs, SVOCs Sealants COD Adhesives Phenols, SVOCs Planting / Vegetation Management CASQA SWPPP Template 50 July 2012 Table 7.10 Potential Non-Visible Pollutants and Water Quality Indicator Constituents Table 7.10 Common Non-Visible Pollutants and Water Quality Indicator Constituents Worksheet Water Quality Indicators of Potential General Work Activity/Potential Constituents Pollutants (Review product literature and Material Safety Data Sheets to confirm potential constituents) Vegetation stockpiles BOD Fertilizers TKN, NO3, BOD, COD, DOC, sulfate, NH3, Phosphate, Potassium Pesticides/Herbicides Product dependent see label and check with Laboratory Plumbing Solder, flux, pipe fitting Cu, Pb, Sn, Zn Roofmg Cu, Pb, VOCs Sanitary Waste Sewer line breaks and Portable Toilets BOD, Total/Fecal coliform (using clear fluid - blue fluid is visible if discharged) Soil Preparation / Amendments/Dust Control Polymer/Co-polymers TKN, NO3, BOD, COD, DOC, Sulfate, Ni Lignin sulfate TDS, alkalinity Psyllium COD, TOC Guar/Plant Gums COD, TOC, Ni Solid Waste (leakage) BOD Utility Line Testing and Flushing Residual chlorine, chloramines 7.7.1.5 Sample Collection Samples of discharge shall be collected at the designated non-visible pollutant sampling locations shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B or in the locations determined by observed breaches, malfunctions, leakages, spills, operational areas, soil amendment application areas, and historical site usage areas that triggered the sampling event. Grab samples shall be collected and preserved in accordance with the methods identified in the Table, "Sample Collection, Preservation and Analysis for Monitoring Non-Visible Pollutants" provided in Section 7.7.1.6. Only the QSP, or personnel trained in water quality sampling under the direction of the QSP shall collect samples. Sample collection and handling requirements are described in Section 7.7.7. CASQA SWPPP Template 51 July 2012 7.7.1.6 Sample Analysis Samples shall be analyzed using the analytical methods identified in the Table 7.11. Samples will be analyzed by: Laboratory Name: TBD Street Address: 1 1 City, State Zip: I 1 Telephone Number: I Point of Contact: ELAP Certification Number: Samples will be delivered to the laboratory by: Driven by Contractor [1 Yes Picked up by Laboratory Courier Yes Shipped 0 Yes Mr CASQA SWPPP Template 52 July 2012 Table 7.11 Sample Collection, Preservation and Analysis for Monitoring Non-Visible Pollutants Constituent Analytical Method Minimum Sample Volume Sample Containers Sample Preservation . Reporting Limit Maximum Holding Time [TJ Li HI Li 1.1 LI ___ ELLI I] II II El II F] [:1 Ii II II LI Ii Ii Li 1_I Notes: [ ] CASQA SWPPP Template 53 July 2012 7.7.1.7 Data Evaluation and Reporting The QSP shall complete an evaluation of the water quality sample analytical results. Runoff/downgradient results shall be compared with the associated upgradient/unaffected results and any associated run-on results. Should the runoff/downgradient sample show an increased level of the tested analyte relative to the unaffected background sample, which cannot be explained by run-on results, the BMPs, site conditions, and surrounding influences shall be assessed to determine the probable cause for the increase. As determined by the site and data evaluation, appropriate BMPs shall be repaired or modified to mitigate discharges of non-visible pollutant concentrations. Any revisions to the BMPs shall be recorded as an amendment to the SWPPP. The General Permit prohibits the storm water discharges that contain hazardous substances equal to or in excess of reportable quantities established in 40 C.F.R. §§ 117.3 and 302.4. The results of any non-stormwater discharge results that indicate the presence of a hazardous substance in excess of established reportable quantities shall be immediately reported to the Regional Water Board and other agencies as required by 40 C.F.R. § § 117.3 and 302.4. Results of non-visible pollutant monitoring shall be reported in the Annual Report. 7.7.2 Sampling and Analysis Plan for pH and Turbidity in Stormwater Runoff Discharges Sampling and analysis of runoff for pH and turbidity is required for this project. This Sampling and Analysis Plan describes the strategy for monitoring turbidity and pH levels of stormwater runoff discharges from the project site and run-on that may contribute to an exceedance of a Numeric Action Level (NAL) [or the exceedance of -a' Receivmg Water Momtormgirigger] Samples for turbidity will be collected from all drainage areas with disturbed soil areas and samples for pH will be collected from all drainage areas with a high risk of pH altering discharge. 7.7.2.1 Sampling Schedule Stormwater runoff samples shall be collected for turbidity from each day of a qualifying rain event that results in a discharge from the project site. At minimum, turbidity samples will be collected from each site discharge location draining a disturbed area. A minimum of three samples will be collected per day of discharge during a qualifying event. Samples should be representative of the total discharge from the project each day of discharge during the qualifying event. Typically representative samples will be spaced in time throughout the daily discharge event. Stormwater runoff samples shall be collected for pH from each day of qualifying rain events that result in a discharge from the project site. Note that pH samples are only required to be collected during project phases and from drainage areas with a high risk of pH altering discharge. A minimum of three samples will be collected per day of discharge during a qualifying event. Samples should be representative of the total discharge from the location each day of discharge during the qualifying event. Typically representative samples will be spaced in time throughout the daily discharge event. CASQA SWPPP Template 54 July 2012 Stored or collected water from a qualifying storm event when discharged shall be tested for turbidity and pH (when applicable). Stored or collected water from a qualifying event may be sampled at the point it is released from the storage or containment area or at the site discharge location. Run-on samples shall be collected whenever the QSP identifies that run-on has the potential to contribute to an exceedance of a NAL. 7.7.2.2 Sampling Locations Sampling locations are based on the site runoff discharge locations and locations where run-on enters the site; accessibility for sampling; and personnel safety. The project does not receive run-on with the potential to exceed NALs or Receiving Water Monitoring Triggers. 7.7.2.3 Monitoring Preparation Turbidity and pH samples will be collected and analyzed by: Contractor El Yes Z No Consultant El Yes Z No Laboratory Z Yes No Samples on the project site will be collected by the following contractor sampling personnel: Name/Telephone Number: [FBL Alternate(s)/Telephone Number: 1 1 An adequate stock of monitoring supplies and equipment for monitoring turbidity and will be available on the project site prior to a sampling event. Monitoring supplies and equipment will be stored in a cool temperature environment that will not come into contact with rain or direct sunlight. Sampling personnel will be available to collect samples in accordance with the sampling schedule. Supplies maintained at the project site will include, but are not limited to, field meters, extra batteries; clean powder-free nitrile gloves, sample collection equipment, appropriate sample containers, paper towels, personal rain gear, and Effluent Sampling Field Log Sheets and CoC forms provided in CSMP Attachment 3 "Example Forms". The contractor will obtain and maintain the field testing instruments, as identified in Section 7.7.2.6, for analyzing samples in the field by contractor sampling personnel. Samples on the project site will be collected by the following: Company Name: 1FBI Street Address: [ I City, State, Zip: L I Telephone Number: I I Point of Contact: I I CASQA SWPPP Template 55 July 2012 Name of Sampler(s): Name of Alternate(s): Section 2 The QSP or his/her designee will contact the laboratory or Environmental Consultant 24 hours prior to a predicted rain event or for an unpredicted event, as soon as a rain event begins to ensure that adequate sample collection personnel, supplies for monitoring pH and turbidity are available and will be mobilized to collect samples on the project site in accordance with the sampling schedule. 7.7.2.4 Field Parameters Samples shall be analyzed for the constituents indicated in the fble 7]A. Table 7.14 Sample Collection and Analysis for Monitoring Turbidity and pH Minimum Sample Collection Detection Parameter Test Method Sample Container Type Limit Volume' (minimum) Field meter/probe with Polypropylene or Glass 500 Turbidity calibrated portable instrument ml, (Do not collect in meter 1 NTU sample cells) Field meter/probe with pH calibrated portable instrument 100 ML Polypropylene 0.2 pH units or calibrated pH test kit Notes: 'Minimum sample volume recommended. Specific volume requirements will vary by instrument; check instrument manufacturer instructions. L - Liter ml, - Milliliter NTU - Nephelometric Turbidity Unit 7.7.2.5 Sample Collection Samples of discharge shall be collected at the designated runoff and run-on sampling locations shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B. Run-on samples shall be collected within close proximity of the point of run-on to the project. Only personnel trained in water quality sampling and field measurements working under the direction of the QSP shall collect samples. Sample collection and handling requirements are described in Section 7.7.7. 7.7.2.6 Field Measurements Samples collected for field analysis, collection, analysis and equipment calibration shall be in accordance with the field instrument manufacturer's specifications. Immediately following collection, samples for field analysis shall be tested in accordance with the field instrument manufacturer's instructions and results recorded on the Effluent Sampling Field Log Sheet. CASQA SWPPP Te,nplate 56 July 2012 The field instrument(s) listed in Table 7.15 will be used to analyze the following constituents: Table 7.15 Field Instruments Field Instrument Constituent (Manufacturer and Model) TBD pH TBD Turbidity The manufacturers' instructions are included in CSMP Attachment 4 "Field Meter Instructions". Field sampling staff shall review the instructions prior to each sampling event and follow the instructions in completing measurement of the samples. The instrument(s) shall be maintained in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. The instrument(s) shall be calibrated before each sampling and analysis event. Maintenance and calibration records shall be maintained with the SWPPP. The QSP may authorize alternate equipment provided that the equipment meets the Construction General Permit's requirements and the manufacturers' instructions for calibration and use are added to CSMP Attachment 4 "Field Meter Instructions". 7.7.2.7 Data Evaluation and Reporting Numeric Action Levels This project is subject to NALs for pH and turbidity (Table 7.16). Compliance with the NAL for pH and turbidity is based on a daily average. Upon receiving the field log sheets, the QSP shall immediately calculate the arithmetic average of the turbidity samples, and the logarithmic average of the pH samples' to determine if the NALs, shown in the table below, have been exceeded. Table 7.16 Numeric Action Levels Parameter Unit Daily Average pH pH units Lower NAL = 6.5 Upper NAL = 8.5 Turbidity NTU 250 NTU The QSP shall within 7 days of the sample collection submit copies of the completed Effluent Sampling Field Log Sheets to owner. In the event that the pH or turbidity NAL is exceeded, the QSP shall immediately notify owner and investigate the cause of the exceedance and identify corrective actions. Daily average pH values must be calculated through the logarithmic method. In order to calculate an average, you must: (1) Convert the pH measurements from logarithms to real numbers; (2) Take the average of the real numbers; and (3) Convert the average of the real numbers back to a logarithm. CASQA SWPPP Template 57 July 2012 Exceedances of NALs shall be electronically reported to the State Water Board by owner through the SMARTs system within 10 days of the conclusion of the storm event. If requested by the Regional Board, a NAL Exceedance report will be submitted. The NAL Exceedance Report must contain the following information: Analytical method(s), method reporting unit(s), and MDL(s) of each parameter; Date, place, time of sampling, visual observation, and/or measurements, including precipitation; and Description of the current BMPs associated with the sample that exceeded the NAL and the proposed corrective actions taken. Receiving Water Monitoring Triggers This project is not subject to Receiving Water Monitoring Triggers because it does not have a direct discharge to the receiving water. 7.7.3 Sampling and Analysis Plan for pH, Turbidity, and SSC in Receiving Water This project is not subject to Receiving Water Monitoring. 7.7.4 Sampling and Analysis Plan for Non-Storm water Discharges This Sampling and Analysis Plan for non-stormwater discharges describes the sampling and analysis strategy and schedule for monitoring pollutants in authorized and unauthorized non-stormwater discharges from the project site in accordance with the requirements of the Construction General Permit. Sampling of non-stormwater discharges will be conducted when an authorized or unauthorized non-stormwater discharge is observed discharging from the project site. In the event that non-stormwater discharges run-on to the project site from offsite locations, and this run-on has the potential to contribute to a violation of a NAL, the run-on will also be sampled. The following authorized non-stormwater discharges identified in çction27, have the potential to be discharged from the project site. Pipe flushing In addition to the above authorized stormwater discharges, some construction activities have the potential to result in an unplanned (unauthorized) non-stormwater discharge if BMPs fail. These activities include: • Dust control Water or sewer line breaks Rinsing or washing tools or equipment 7.7.4.1 Sampling Schedule Samples of authorized or unauthorized non-stormwater discharges shall be collected when they are observed. CASQA SWPPP Template 58 July 2012 7.7.4.2 Sampling Locations Samples shall be collected from the discharge point of the construction site where the non-stormwater discharge is running off the.project site. Two sampling location(s) on the project site and the contractor's yard have been identified where non-stonnwater discharges may runoff from the project site. (Table 7.20) Table 7.20 Non-stormwater Discharge Sample Locations Sample Location Sample Location Latitude and Number Sample Location Longitude (Decimal Degrees) 1 Catch F type [Enter Latitude] [Enter Longitude] 2 Catch basin at the entrance catch basin [Enter Latitude] [Enter Longitude] 7.7.4.3 Monitoring Preparation Non-stormwater discharge samples will be collected by: Contractor El Yes 0 No Consultant LI Yes l No Laboratory Yes No I Samples on the project site will be collected by the following contractor sampling personnel: Name/Telephone Number: TBD Alternate(s)/Telephone Number: I I An adequate stock of monitoring supplies and equipment for monitoring non-stormwater discharges will be available on the project site. Monitoring supplies and equipment will be stored in a cool temperature environment that will not come into contact with rain or direct sunlight. Personnel trained in sampling will be available to collect samples in accordance with the sampling schedule. Supplies maintained at the project site will include, but are not limited to, clean powder-free nitrile gloves, sample collection equipment, field meters, coolers, appropriate number and volume of sample bottles, identification labels, re-sealable storage bags, paper towels, personal rain gear, ice, and Effluent Sampling Field Log Sheets and CoC forms provided in CSMP Attachment 3 "Example Forms". The contractor will obtain and maintain the field testing instruments, as identified in Section 7.7.2, for analyzing samples in the field by contractor sampling personnel. Samples on the project site will be collected by the following: Company Name: 1FBL CASQA SWPPP Template 59 July 2012 Street Address: City, State Zip: Telephone Number: I '1 Point of Contact: I 1 Name of Sampler(s): ri Name of Alternate(s): 1 1 The QSP or his/her designee will contact laboratory, 24 hours prior to a planned non-stormwater discharge or as soon as an unplanned non-stormwater discharge is observed to ensure that adequate sample collection personnel, supplies for non-stormwater discharge monitoring are available and will be mobilized to collect samples on the project site in accordance with the sampling schedule. 7.7.4.4 Analytical Constituents All non-stormwater discharges that flow through a disturbed area shall, at minimum, be monitored for turbidity. All non-stonnwater discharges that flow through an area where they are exposed to pH altering materials shall be monitored for pH. The QSP shall identify additional pollutants to be monitored for each non-stormwater discharge incident based on the source of the non-stormwater discharge. If the source of an unauthorized non-stormwater discharge is not known, monitoring for pH, turbidity, MBAS, TOC, and residual chlorine or chloramines is recommended to help identify the source of the discharge. Non-stormwater discharge run-on shall be monitored, at minimum, for pH and turbidity. The QSP shall identify additional pollutants to be monitored for each non-stormwater discharge incident based on the source of the non-stonnwater discharge. If the source of an unauthorized non-stormwater discharge is not known, monitoring for pH, turbidity, MBAS, TOC, and residual chlorine or chloramines is recommended to help identify the source of the discharge. Table 7.22 lists the specific sources and types of potential non-visible pollutants on the project site and the water quality indicator constituent(s) for that pollutant. Table 7.22 Potential Non-Stormwater Discharge Pollutants and Water Quality Indicator Constituents Pollutant Source Pollutant Water Quality Indicator Constituent Disturbed Areas Sediment Turbidity Concrete Work pH pH CASQA SWPPP Template 60 July 2012 7.7.4.5 Sample Collection Samples shall be collected at the discharge locations where the non-stormwater discharge is leaving the project site. Potential discharge locations are shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B and identified in Section 7.7.4.2. Grab samples shall be collected and preserved in accordance with the methods identified in Table 7.23. Only personnel trained in water quality sampling under the direction of the QSP shall collect samples. Sample collection and handling requirements are described in Section 7.7.7. 7.7.4.6 Sample Analysis Samples shall be analyzed using the analytical methods identified in Table 7.23. 7.7.4.7 Data Evaluation and Reporting The QSP shall complete an evaluation of the water quality sample analytical results. Turbidity and pH results shall be evaluated for compliance with NALs as identified in Section 7.7.2.7. Runoff results shall also be evaluated for the constituents suspected in the non-stormwater discharge. Should the runoff sample indicate the discharge of a pollutant which cannot be explained by run-on results, the BMPs, site conditions, and surrounding influences shall be assessed to determine the probable cause for the increase. As determined by the site and data evaluation, appropriate BMPs shall be repaired or modified to mitigate discharges of non-visible pollutant concentrations. Any revisions to the BMPs shall be recorded as an amendment to the SWPPP. Non-storm water discharge results shall be submitted with the Annual Report. The General Permit prohibits the non-storm water discharges that contain hazardous substances equal to or in excess of reportable quantities established in 40 C.F.R. §§ 117.3 and 302.4. The results of any non-stormwater discharge results that indicate the presence of a hazardous substance in excess of established reportable quantities shall be immediately reported to the Regional Water Board. CASQA SWPPP Template 61 July 2012 Table 7.23 Sample Collection, Preservation and Analysis for Monitoring Pollutants in Non-Stormwater Discharges Constituent Analytical Method Minimum Sample Volume Sample Bottle Sample Preservation Limit Reporting Maximum Holding Time I [: 1 I•• -I r i ___________________________ I _____________ I 1 H I I I: I I 1 HI I LII I1 I•I I1 ________ 1.1 II.] r 'I t 1 1 I I I1 Notes: r i CASQA SWPPP Template 62 July 2012 7.7.5 Sampling and Analysis Plan for Other Pollutants Required by the Regional Water Board The Regional Water Board has not specified monitoring for additional pollutants. 7.7.5.6 Data Evaluation and Reporting 7.7.6 Training of Sampling Personnel Sampling personnel shall be trained to collect, maintain, and ship samples in accordance with the Surface Water Ambient Monitoring program (SWAMP) 2008 Quality Assurance Program Plan (QAPrP). Training records of designated contractor sampling personnel are provided in Appendix K. The stormwater sampler(s) and alternate(s) have received the following stormwater sampling training: Name Training il'BL itB1 The stormwater sampler(s) and alternates have the following stormwater sampling experience: Name Experience 1fBI 1FBL 7.7.7 Sample Collection and Handling 7.7.7.1 Sample Collection Samples shall be collected at the designated sampling locations shown on the Site Maps and listed in the preceding sections. Samples shall be collected, maintained and shipped in accordance with the SWAMP 2008 Quality Assurance Program Plan (QAPrP). Grab samples shall be collected and preserved in accordance with the methods identified in preceding sections. To maintain sample integrity and prevent cross-contamination, sample collection personnel shall follow the protocols below. Collect samples (for laboratory analysis) only in analytical laboratory-provided sample containers; Wear clean, powder-free nitrile gloves when collecting samples; Change gloves whenever something not known to be clean has been touched; Change gloves between sites; Decontaminate all equipment (e.g. bucket, tubing) prior to sample collection using a trisodium phosphate water wash, distilled water rinse, and final rinse with distilled water. CASQA SWPPP Template 63 July 2012 (Dispose of wash and rinse water appropriately, i.e., do not discharge to storm drain or receiving water). Do not decontaminate laboratory provided sample containers; Do not smoke during sampling events; Never sample near a running vehicle; Do not park vehicles in the immediate sample collection area (even non-running vehicles); Do not eat or drink during sample collection; and Do not breathe, sneeze, or cough in the direction of an open sample container. The most important aspect of grab sampling is to collect a sample that represents the entire runoff stream. Typically, samples are collected by dipping the collection container in the runoff flow paths and streams as noted below. For small streams and flow paths, simply dip the bottle facing upstream until full. For larger stream that can be safely accessed, collect a sample in the middle of the flow stream by directly dipping the mouth of the bottle. Once again making sure that the opening of the bottle is facing upstream as to avoid any contamination by the sampler. For larger streams that cannot be safely waded, pole-samplers may be needed to safely access the representative flow. Avoid collecting samples from ponded, sluggish or stagnant water. V. Avoid collecting samples directly downstream from a bridge as the samples can be affected by the bridge structure or runoff from the road surface. Note, that depending upon the specific analytical test, some containers may contain preservatives. These containers should never be dipped into the stream, but filled indirectly from the collection container. 7.7.7.2 Sample Handling Turbidity and pH measurements must be conducted immediately. Do not store turbidity or pH samples for later measurement. Samples for laboratory analysis must be handled as follows. Immediately following sample collection: Cap sample containers; Complete sample container labels; Sealed containers in a re-sealable storage bag; Place sample containers into an ice-chilled cooler; Document sample information on the Effluent Sampling Field Log Sheet; and Complete the CoC. All samples for laboratory analysis must be maintained between 0-6 degrees Celsius during delivery to the laboratory. Samples must be kept on ice, or refrigerated, from sample collection through delivery to the laboratory. Place samples to be shipped inside coolers with ice. Make sure the sample bottles are well packaged to prevent breakage and secure cooler lids with packaging tape. Ship samples that will be laboratory analyzed to the analytical laboratory right away. Hold times are measured from the time the sample is collected to the time the sample is analyzed. The CASQA SWPPP Template 64 July 2012 General Permit requires that samples be received by the analytical laboratory within 48 hours of the physical sampling (unless required sooner by the analytical laboratory). Laboratory Name: 1FB5 Address: L ] City, State Zip: I Telephone Number: I I Point of Contact: I I 7.7.7.3 Sample Documentation Procedures All original data documented on sample bottle identification labels, Effluent Sampling Field Log Sheet, and CoCs shall be recorded using waterproof ink. These shall be considered accountable documents. If an error is made on an accountable document, the individual shall make corrections by lining through the error and entering the correct information. The erroneous information shall not be obliterated. All corrections shall be initialed and dated. Duplicate samples shall be identified consistent with the numbering system for other samples to prevent the laboratory from identifying duplicate samples. Duplicate samples shall be identified in the Effluent Sampling Field Log Sheet. Sample documentation procedures include the following: Sample Bottle Identification Labels: Sampling personnel shall attach an identification label to each sample bottle. Sample identification shall uniquely identify each sample location. Field Log Sheets: Sampling personnel shall complete the Effluent Sampling Field Log Sheet and Receiving Water Sampling Field Log Sheet for each sampling event, as appropriate. Chain of Custody: Sampling personnel shall complete the CoC for each sampling event for which samples are collected for laboratory analysis. The sampler will sign the CoC when the sample(s) is turned over to the testing laboratory or courier. 7.8 Active Treatment System Monitoring An Active Treatment System (ATS) will be deployed on the site? El Yes 0 No This project does not require a project specific Sampling and Analysis Plan for an ATS because deployment of an ATS is not planned. 7.9 Bioassessment Monitoring This project is not subject to bioassessment monitoring because it is not a Risk Level 3 project. 7.10 Watershed Monitoring Option This project is not participating in a watershed monitoring option. CASQA SWPPP Template 65 July 2012 7.11 Quality Assurance and Quality Control An effective Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QA/QC) plan shall be implemented as part of the CSMP to ensure that analytical data can be used with confidence. QA/QC procedures to be initiated include the following: Field logs; Clean sampling techniques; CoCs; QA/QC Samples; and Data verification. Each of these procedures is discussed in more detail in the following sections. 7.11.1 Field Logs The purpose of field logs is to record sampling information and field observations during monitoring that may explain any uncharacteristic analytical results. Sampling information to be included in the field log include the date and time of water quality sample collection, sampling personnel, sample container identification numbers, and types of samples that were collected. Field observations should be noted in the field log for any abnormalities at the sampling location (color, odor, BMPs, etc.). Field measurements for pH and turbidity should also be recorded in the field log. A Visual Inspection Field Log, an Effluent Sampling Field Log Sheet, are included in CSMP Attachment 3 "Example Forms". 7.11.2 Clean Sampling Techniques Clean sampling techniques involve the use of certified clean containers for sample collection and clean powder-free nitrile gloves during sample collection and handling. As discussed in Section 7.7.7, adoption of a clean sampling approach will minimize the chance of field contamination and questionable data results. 7.11.3 Chain of Custody The sample CoC is an important documentation step that tracks samples from collection through analysis to ensure the validity of the sample. Sample CoC procedures include the following: Proper labeling of samples; Use of CoC forms for all samples; and Prompt sample delivery to the analytical laboratory. Analytical laboratories usually provide CoC forms to be filled out for sample containers. An example CoC is included in CSMP Attachment 3 "Example Forms". 7.11.4 QA/QC Samples QA/QC samples provide an indication of the accuracy and precision of the sample collection; sample handling; field measurements; and analytical laboratory methods. The following types of QA/QC will be conducted for this project: LI Field Duplicates at a frequency of[percent or 1 duplicate minimum per sathpg event} (Required for all sampling plans with field measurements or laboratory analysis) CASQA SWPPP Template 66 July 2012 Ej Equipment Blanks at a frequency of{[Insertfrequencyreqiiired:by method]} (Only needed if equipment used to collect samples could add the pollutants to sample) Field Blanks at a frequency of[[Iiser frequncy.:çquiredby method] (Only required if sampling method calls for field blanks) L1 Travel Blanks at a frequency of [[Insert frequency required by methodli (Required for sampling plans that include VOC laboratory analysis) 7.11.4.1 Field Duplicates Field duplicates provide verification of laboratory or field analysis and sample collection. Duplicate samples shall be collected, handled, and analyzed using the same protocols as primary samples. The sample location where field duplicates are collected shall be randomly selected from the discharge locations. Duplicate samples shall be collected immediately after the primary sample has been collected. Duplicate samples must be collected in the same manner and as close in time as possible to the original sample. Duplicate samples shall not influence any evaluations or conclusion. 7.11.4.2 Equipment Blanks Equipment blanks provide verification that equipment has not introduced a pollutant into the sample. Equipment blanks are typically collected when: New equipment is used; Equipment that has been cleaned after use at a contaminated site; Equipment that is not dedicated for surface water sampling is used; or Whenever a new lot of filters is used when sampling metals. 7.11.4.3 Field Blanks Field blanks assess potential sample contamination levels that occur during field sampling activities. De-ioninzed water field blanks are taken to the field, transferred to the appropriate container, and treated the same as the corresponding sample type during the course of a sampling event. 7.11.4.4 Travel Blanks Travel blanks assess the potential for cross-contamination of volatile constituents between sample containers during shipment from the field to the laboratory. De-ioninzed water blanks are taken along for the trip and held unopened in the same cooler with the VOC samples. 7.11.5 Data Verification After results are received from the analytical laboratory, the QSP shall verify the data to ensure that it is complete, accurate, and the appropriate QA/QC requirements were met. Data must be verified as soon as the data reports are received. Data verification shall include: Check the CoC and laboratory reports. Make sure all requested analyses were performed and all samples are accountedfor in the reports. CASQA SWPPP Template 67 July 2012 Check laboratory reports to make sure hold times were met and that the reporting levels meet or are lower than the reporting levels agreed to in the contract. Check data for outlier values and follow up with the laboratory. Occasionally typographical errors, unit reporting errors, or incomplete results are reported and should be easily detected. These errors need to be identified, clarified, and corrected quickly by the laboratory. The QSP should especially note data that is an order of magnitude or more different than similar locations, or is inconsistent with previous data from the same location. Check laboratory QA/QC results. EPA establishes QA/QC checks and acceptable criteria for laboratory analyses. These data are typically reported along with the sample results. The QSP shall evaluate the reported QA/QC data to checkfor contamination (method, field, and equipment blanks), precision (laboratory matrix spike duplicates), and accuracy (matrix spikes and laboratory control samples). When QA/QC checks are outside acceptable ranges, the laboratory must flag the data, and usually provides an explanation of the potential impact to the sample results. Check the data set for outlier values and, accordingly, confirm results and re-analyze samples where appropriate. Sample re-analysis should only be undertaken when it appears that some part of the QA/QC resulted in a value out of the accepted range. Sample results may not be discounted unless the analytical laboratory identifies the required QA/QC criteria were not met and confirms this in writing. Field data including inspections and observations must be verified as soon as the field logs are received, typically at the end of the sampling event. Field data verification shall include: Check field logs to make sure all required measurements were completed and appropriately documented; Check reported values that appear out of the typical range or inconsistent; Follow-up immediately to identify potential reporting or equipment problems, if appropriate, recalibrate equipment after sampling; Verify equipment calibrations; Review observations noted on the field logs; and Review notations of any errors and actions taken to correct the equipment or recording errors. 7.12 Records Retention All records of stormwater monitoring information and copies of reports (including Annual Reports) must be retained for a period of at least three years from date of submittal or longer if required by the Regional Water Board. Results of visual monitoring, field measurements, and laboratory analyses must be kept in the SWPPP along with CoCs, and other documentation related to the monitoring. Records are to be kept onsite while construction is ongoing. Records to be retained include: The date, place, and time of inspections, sampling, visual observations, and/or measurements, including precipitation; CASQA SWPPP Template 68 July 2012 The individual(s) who performed the inspections, sampling, visual observation, and/or field measurements; The date and approximate time of field measurements and laboratory analyses; The individual(s) who performed the laboratory analyses; A summary of all analytical results, the method detection limits and reporting limits, and the analytical techniques or methods used; Rain gauge readings from site inspections; QA/QC records and results; Calibration records; Visual observation and sample collection exemption records; The records of any corrective actions and follow-up activities that resulted from analytical results, visual observations, or inspections; CASQA SWPPP Template 69 July 2012 CSMP Attachment 1: Weather Reports CASQA SWPPP Template 64 July 2012 7-Day Forecast for Latitude 33. NandLorgitude 1173TW(]E1e. I97.fi) Pge 1 of D .afEtJWT .• c?Fi. b *NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE dIoBD2Dg ITh I7W 7Z Ir 68 F MA MA 2 BIE A T — "IM3 Fn,g--4 MAN 0 0, MQdQ &I mw WAP amft 1F wwnqr IL=Nqp MF5 • -V. DthFMiMAt 1 dJR— .'"I \• .% E. M.. rawmw Q-1 — IMII - &• 'I Mmobw T Rm2u & IJ*Ib hJ/foiecastwe&gov/MapCiith.php71a1=3il73O43S000000l6&1on=-I17319149L. 1,01112017 ASQA SWPPP Template 65 July 2012 CSMP Attachment 2: Monitoring Records CASQA SWPPP Template 66 July 2012 CSMP Attachment 3: Example Forms CASQA SWPPP Template 67 July 2012 Rain Gauge Log Sheet Construction Site Name: WDID#: Date Time Initials Rainfall Depth Notes: (mm/dd/yy) (24-hr) (Inches) CASQA SWPPP Template 68 July 2012 Risk Level 1, 2, 3 Visual Inspection Field Log Sheet Date and Time of Inspection: Report Date: Inspection Type: o Weekl y o Before predicte d rain o During rain event o Following qualifying rain event o Contained stormwate r release Quarterly non-stormwater Site Information Construction Site Name: Construction stage and completed activities: Approximate area of exposed site: Weather and Observations Date Rain Predicted to Occur: Predicted % chance of rain: Estimate storm beginning: Estimate storm duration: - (hours) Estimate time since last storm: (days or hours) Rain gauge reading: (inches) (date and time) Observations: If yes identify location Odors Yes 0 No 0 Floating material Yes 0 No 0 Suspended Material Yes 0 No 0 Sheen Yes 0 No 0 Discolorations Yes 0 No 0 Turbidity Yes 0 No 0 Site Inspections Outfalls or BMPs Evaluated I Deficiencies Noted (add additional sheets or attached detailed BMP Inspection Checklists) CASQA SWPPP Template 69 July 2012 Photos Taken: Yes 0 No 0 Photo Reference IDs: Corrective Actions Identified (note if SWPPP/REAP change is needed) Inspector Information Inspector Name: Inspector Title: Signature: Date: Risk Level 2 Effluent Sampling Field Log Sheets Construction Site Name: Date: Time Start: Sampler: Sampling Event Type: El Stormwater 0 Non- stormwater 0 Non-visible pollutant Field Meter Calibration pH Meter ID No./Desc.: Calibration Date/Time: Turbidity Meter ID No./Desc.: Calibration Date/Time: Field pH and Turbidity Measurements Discharge Location pH Description Turbidity Time Grab _Samples _Collected Discharge Location Description Sample Type Time CASQA SWPPP Template 70 July 2012 Additional Sampling Notes: Time End: CASQA SWPPP Template 71 July 2012 CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY DATE: Lab ID: DESTINATION LAB: ATTN: ADDRESS: Office Phone: Cell Phone: REQUESTED ANALYSIS - Notes: Pres. SAMPLED BY: Contact: Project Name Client Sample ID Sample Date Sample Time Sample Matrix Container Type SENDER COMMENTS: RELINQUISHED BY Date: Signature: Print: Company: TIME: LABORATORY COMMENTS: RECEIVED BY Date: Signature: Print: Company: TIME: I CASQA SWPPP Template 72 July 2012 CSMP Attachment 4: Field Meter Instructions CASQA SWPPP Template 73 Januaiy 2014 CSMP Attachment 5: Supplemental Information CASQA SWPPP Template 74 January 2014 Section 8 References Project Plans and Specifications No. FtnetNur ber dated 1[insertdate]1, prepared by [entity I~reparingplans añdSpecifications}1 State Water Resources Control Board (2009). Order 2009-0009-DWQ, NPDES General Permit No. CAS000002: National Pollutant Discharges Elimination System (NPDES) California General Permit for Storm Water Discharge Associated with Construction and Land Disturbing Activities. Available on-line at: http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/stormwater/construction.shtml. State Water Resources Control Board (2010). Order 2010-0014-DWQ, NPDES General Permit No. CAS000002: National Pollutant Discharges Elimination System (NPDES) California General Permit for Storm Water Discharge Associated with Construction and Land Disturbing Activities. Available on-line at: htti://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/stormwater/construction.shtml. State Water Resources Control Board (2012). Order 2012-0006-DWQ, NPDES General Permit No. CAS000002: National Pollutant Discharges Elimination System (NPDES) California General Permit for Storm Water Discharge Associated with Construction and Land Disturbing Activities. Available on-line at: http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/waterissues/programs/stormwater/construction.shtml. CASQA 2009, Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal: Construction, November 2009, www.casga.org CASQA SWPPP Template 75 Januay 2014 Appendix A: Calculations CASQA SWPPP Template 81 July 2012 NOT APPLICABLE CASQA SWPPP Template 82 July 2012 Appendix B: Site Maps CASQA SWPPP Template 83 July 2012 OF MARCOS TA VICINITY MAP Page 14 of 10 DRAINAGE REPORT SEA OTTER RETAINING WALL Appendix C: Permit Registration Documents CASQA SWPPP Template 84 July 2012 Permit Registration Documents included in this Appendix YIN Permit Registration Document N Notice of Intent Y Risk Assessment N Certification N Post Construction Water Balance N Copy of Annual Fee Receipt N ATS Design Documents Y Site Map, see Appendix B CASQA SWPPP Template 85 July 2012 Risk Assessment The State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) Order No. 2009-0009-DWQ as amended by Order 20 10- 0014-DWQ and Order 2012-006-DWQ categorizes projects in three Risk Levels: Levels 1, 2 and 3. These levels are based in two elements: Project Sediment Risk (the relative amount of sediment that can be discharged, given the project scheduling and location details) and, Receiving Water Risk (the risk sediment discharges pose to the receiving waters). The combination of the risks will generate the risk level of the project (see Table 1). Project Sediment Risk The Project Sediment Risk is determined using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE): A =(R )(K )(LS)( Q(P) Where: A= Rate of sheet and rill erosion R = Rainfall-runoff erosivity factor K = Soil erodibility factor LS = Length-slope factor C = Cover factor (erosion control) P = Management operations and support practices (sediment controls) The C and P factors are given values of 1.0 to simulate bare ground conditions Soils loss < 15 tons/acre is considered low sediment risk Soils loss between 15 and 75 tons/acre is considered medium sediment risk Soils loss> 75 tons/acre is considered high sediment risk The sediment risk determination for Atlas Beta Building as follows R= 27.07 (per attached EPA Rainfall Erosivity Factor Calculator) K=0.32 Soil report LS= 3.22 (table) C=1 P= 1 CASQA SWPPP Template 86 July 2012 A lB C 1 Sediment Risk Factor Worksheet Entry 2 A) R Factor Analyses of data indicated that when factors other than rainfall are held constant, soil loss is directly proportional to a rainfall factor composed of total storm kinetic energy (E) times the maximum 30-min intensity (130) (Wischmeier and Smith, 1958). The numerical value of R is the average annual sum of E130 for storm events during a rainfall record of at least 22 years. "Isoerodent" maps were developed based on R values calculated for more than 1000 locations in 3 the Western U.S. Refer to the link below to determine the R factor for the project site. 4 httD://cfDub.eDa.gov/npdes/stormwater/LEW/lewCalculator.cfm 5 R Factor Value1 32.2 6 B) K Factor (weighted average, by area, for all site soils) The soil-erodibility factor K represents: (1) susceptibility of soil or surface material to erosion, (2) transportability of the sediment, and (3) the amount and rate of runoff given a particular rainfall input, as measured under a standard condition. Fine-textured soils that are high in clay have low K values (about 0.05 to 0.15) because the particles are resistant to detachment. Coarse-textured soils, such as sandy soils, also have low K values (about 0.05 to 0.2) because of high infiltration resulting in low runoff even though these particles are easily detached. Medium-textured soils, such as a silt loam, have moderate K values (about 0.25 to 0.45) because they are moderately susceptible to particle detachment and they produce runoff at moderate rates. Soils having a high silt content are especially susceptible to erosion and have high K values, which can exceed 0.45 and can be as large as 0.65. Silt-size particles are easily detached and tend to crust, producing high rates and large volumes of runoff. Use Site-specific data must 7 be submitted. 8 Site-sDecific K factor guidance 9 K Factor Value1 0.24 10 32.34 The effect of topography on erosion is accounted for by the LS factor, which combines the effects of a hillslope-length factor, L, and a hillslope-gradient factor, S. Generally speaking, as hillslope length and/or hillslope gradient increase, soil loss increases. As hillslope length increases, total soil loss and soil loss per unit area increase due to the progressive accumulation of runoff in the downslope direction. As the hillslope gradient increases, the velocity and erosivity of runoff increases. Use the LS table located in separate tab of this spreadsheet to determine LS factors. 11 Estimate the weighted LS for the site prior to construction. 12 LS Table 13 LS Factor Value 2.54 is Watershed Erosion Estimate (RxKxLS) in tons/acre 19.62912 16 Site Sediment Risk Factor 17 Low Sediment Risk: < 15 tons/acre Medium 18 Medium Sediment Risk: >=15 and <75 tons/acre 191 High Sediment Risk: >= 75 tons/acre 20 Combined Risk Level Matrix (D CUCo Low .5 ci) High Sediment Risk Low Medium Level I I Level 2 Level 2 High Level 3 Project Sediment Risk: Medium Project RW Risk:Low Project Combined Risk l I _1 LJt.IL L1 __ - __ __ 1 m mm~] L i https.//r'.. epa.9OV o3deS/raInfall-erosivty-factor-calculator-small-construction-sites#getTool j c. Rainfall Erosivity Factor Cal Facility Information Start Date: 06/04/2018 End Date: 06/04/2019 Address: 2405 COUGAR DR., CARLSBAD, CA 92008 Latitude: 33.1408 Longitude: -117.2761 Erosivity Index Calculator Results An erosivity index value Of 32.20 has been determined for the construction period of 06/04/2018 - 06/04/2019. A rainfall erosivity factor of 5.0 or greater has been calculated for your site and period of construction. You do NOT qualify for a waiver from NPDES permitting requirements. -- - - -- =- Wind Erodlbflity Group Wind Erodibility Index Soil Health Properties Soil Physical Properties J Soil Qualities and Features Water Features : '~Y~k M L V IM --~ , , . iUH r,,ai Hut be validat tie ule. Summary by Map Unit - San Diego County Area, California (CA638) Summary by Map Unit - San Diego County Area, California (CA638) Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating Acres in AOl Percent of ADZ AtE Altamont clay, 15 to 30 percent slopes, warm MAAT, MLRA 20 .24 14.1 90.5% Tel' Terrace escarpments 1.5 Totals for Area of Interest 15.6 100.00/0 I __ - - - - - - = - - - - - - - Average Watershed Slope (%) Sheet Flow Length (ft) 0.2 0.5 1.0 <3 0.05 0.07 0.09 6 0.05 0.07 0.09 9 0.05 0.07 0.09 12 0.05 0.07 0.09 15 0.05 0.07 0.09 25 0.05 0.07 0.10 50 0.05 0.08 0.13 75 0.05 0.08 0.14 100 0.05 0.09 0.15 150 0.05 0.09 0.17 200 0.06 0.10 0.18 250 0.06 0.10 0.19 300 0.06 0.10 0.20 400 0:06 0.11 0.22 600 0.06 0.12 0.24 800 0.06 0.12 0.26 1000 0.06 0.13 0.27 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 0.13 0.17 0.20 0.23 0.26 0.32 0.35 0.36 0.38 0.13 0.17 0.20 0.23 0.26 0.32 0.37 0.41 0.45 0.13 0.17 0.20 0.23 0.26 0.32 0.38 0.45 0.51 0.13 0.17 0.20 0.23 0.26 0.32 0.39 0.47 0.55 0.13 0.17 0.20 0.23 0.26 0.32 0.40 0.49 0.58 0.16 0.21 0.26 0.31 0.36 0.45 0.57 0.71 0.85 0.21 0.30 0.38 0.46 0.54 0.70 0.91 1.15 1.40 0.25 0.36 0.47 0.58 0.69 0.91 1.20 1.54 1.87 0.28 0.41 0.55 0.68 0.82 1.10 1.46 1.88 2.31 0.33 0.50 0.68 0.86 1.05 1.43 1.92 2.51 3.09 0.37 0.57 0.79 1.02 1.25 1.72 2.34 3.07 3.81 0.40 0.64 0.89 1.16 1.43 1.99 2.72 3.60 4.48 0.43 0.69 0.98 1.28 1.60 2.24 3.09 4.09 5.11 0.48 0.80 1.14 1.51 1.90 2.70 3.75 5.01 6.30 0.56 0.96 1.42 1.91 2.43 3.52 4.95 6.67 8.45 0.63 1.10 1.65 2.25 2.89 4.24 6.03 8.17 10.40 0.69 1.23 1.86 2.55 3.30 4.91 7.02 9.57 12.23 LS Factors for Construction Sites. Table from Renard et. al., 1997. Appendix D: SWPPP Amendment Certifications CASQA SWPPP Template 87 July 2012 SWPPP Amendment No. Project Name: WEST COAST SELF-STORAGE Project Number: GR 2018-0006, CUP 2017-0004, SUP 2017-0001 Qualified SWPPP Developer's Certification of the Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan Amendment "This Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan and attachments were prepared under my direction to meet the requirements of the California Construction General Permit (SWRCB Order No. 2009-009-DWQ as amended by 2010-0014-DWQ and 2012-00xx-DWQ). I certify that I am a Qualified SWPPP Developer in good standing as of the date signed below." QSD's Signature Date QSD Name QSD Certificate Number Title and Affiliation Telephone Address Email CASQA SWPPP Template 88 July 2012 Appendix E: Submitted Changes to PROs CASQA SWPPP Template 89 July 2012 Log of Updated PRDs The General Permit allows for the reduction or increase of the total acreage covered under the General Permit when a portion of the project is complete and/or conditions for termination of coverage have been met; when ownership of a portion of the project is purchased by a different entity; or when new acreage is added to the project. Modified PRDs shall be filed electronically within 30 days of a reduction or increase in total disturbed area if a change in permit covered acreage is to be sought. The SWPPP shall be modified appropriately, with revisions and amendments recorded in Appendix C. Updated PRDs submitted electronically via SMARTS can be found in this Appendix. This appendix includes all of the following updated PRDs (check all that apply): Revised Notice of Intent (NOI); LII Revised Site Map; L Revised Risk Assessment; New landowner's information (name, address, phone number, email address); and New signed certification statement. Legally Responsible Person [if organization] Signature of [Authorized Representative of] Legally Date Responsible Person or Approved Signatory Name of [Authorized Representative of] Legally Telephone Number Responsible Person or Approved Signatory CASQA SWPPP Template 90 July 2012 Appendix F: Construction Schedule CASQA SWPPP Template 91 July 2012 Tentative Project Schedule EXAMPLE Project Tentative Construction Activity Schedule Year 2017 I 2018 Week Ending 7120 8/3 8/17 ________ Clear Site 8I319/149/281loIi2 1O/26i1I9 11/23 ithT2i2i 1/4 1/18 2/1 2/152/29 3/143/28 4/11 4/25i 5/9 '5/235/30 ____ Install Stabilized Entrance - Construct Bermed Storage Area ............. .............. .... ....... ............ ............. ............. ............. ...:.:............. .. .......... Grade Site . ____ . ..................... .. .... ......,.-.-" ........ ........... .............. ... ............. . ............... .... .. ..... .............. ...................................... ............ ..... ...- .... -... ........ I Stockpile BMP's lnstdll Silt Peri : ..................................................... ..4.................. r1 . Install Drainage Structures .. . ......... ............. .......... -.. ........... ........... .. ,.. ............ -..-, -.-, - -.... -. ........ ........................... . ....-.-. = = - .. - 9 Install Landscaping & Irrigation ......-....._ ... ........-....._........... ......... ...... ............ ............. ............. ........... Install Wet Utilities ____________________________ ....... ........... ............. ............ ............ ............ ___ .. . .............................................. Install Dry Utilities . .: . . Construct Building ' I ....-............, ..... ................... Install Curbs/Pavement . • I ........ ......................•..•. .. .........,.. ..... .... ........& ........ -+•-......... a...1.......... Remove Construction BMP s - .. .. .. .. - ... . ... ..,. .... a.... ... .... . .... L Install Post Construction BMPs - Appendix G.- Construction Activities, Materials Used, and Associated Pollutants CASQA SWPPP Template 92 July 2012 Table G.a POLLUTANTS ASSOCIATED WITH CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES General Work Activity/ Specific Work Activity/Products With Products With Potential Potenhal.Stormwater Pollutants Pollutant Categories Stormwater Pollutants Adhesives Adhesives, glues, resins, epoxy synthetics, Oil and Grease, Synthetic PVC cement Organics' Caulks, sealers, putty, sealing agents and Coal tars (naphtha, pitch) Asphalt paving/curbs Hot and cold mix asphalt Oil and Grease Cleaners Polishes (metal, ceramic, tile) Metals, Synthetic Organics Etching agents Cleaners, ammonia, lye, caustic sodas, bleaching agents and chromate salts Concrete / Masonry Cement and brick dust Metals, Synthetic Organics Colored chalks Concrete curing compounds Glazing compounds Surfaces cleaners Saw cut slurries Tile cutting Drywall Saw-cutting drywall Metals Framing/Carpentry Sawdust, particle board dust, and treated Metals, Synthetic Organics woods Saw cut slurries Heating, Ventilation, Air Demolition or construction of air condition Metals, Synthetic Organics Conditioning and heating systems Insulation Demolition or construction involving Metals, Synthetic Organics insulation, _venting _systems Liquid waste Wash waters Metals, Synthetic Organics Irrigation line testing/flushing Painting Paint thinners, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, Metals, Synthetic Organics stripper paints, lacquers, varnish, enamels, turpentine, gum spirit, solvents, dyes, stripping pigments _and _sanding _ Planting / Vegetation Management Vegetation control (pesticides/herbicides) Nutrients, Metals, Planting Synthetic Organics Plant maintenance Vegetation removal Plumbing Solder (lead, tin), flux (zinc chloride), pipe Metals, Synthetic Organics fitting Galvanized metal in nails, fences, and electric wiring Pools/fountains Chlorinated water Synthetic Organics Removal of existing structures Demolition of asphalt, concrete, masonry, Metals, Oil and Grease, framing, roofing, metal structures. Synthetic Organics Roofing Flashing Metals, Oil and Grease, Saw cut slurries (tile cutting) Synthetic Organics _ Shingle debris _scrap _and Sanitary waste Portable toilets Nutrients Disturbance of existing sewer lines. Soil preparation/amendments ' Use of soil additives/amendments Nutrients CASQA SWPPP Template 93 July 2012 Table G.a POLLUTANTS ASSOCIATED WITH CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES General Work Activity/ Specific Work Activity/Products With Products With Potential Potential Stormwater Pollutants Pollutant Categories Stormwater Pollutants Solid waste Litter, trash and debris Gross Pollutants Vegetation Utility line testing and flushing Hydrostatic test water Synthetic Organics Pipe flushing Vehicle and equipment use Equipment operation Oil and Grease Equipment maintenance Equipment washing Equipment fueling 'Synthetic Organics are defined in Table 1.2 of the CASQA Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal: Construction as adhesives, cleaners, sealants, solvents, etc. These are generally categorized as VOCs or SVOCs. CASQA SWPPP Te,nplate 94 July 2012 Table G.1 Construction Activities and Associated Pollutants Phase Activity Associated Materials or Pollutant Category") Pollutants C) : Cd Ci C) Cd 0. 0 — rID a) bo E0 {ID — -l) (1) Categories per CASQA BMP Handbook (i.e., Sediment, Nutrients, Bacteria and Viruses, Oil and Grease, Metals, Synthetic Organics, Pesticides, Gross Pollutants, and Vector Production) ASQA SWPPP Template 95 July 2012 Appendix H: CA SQA Storm water BMP Handbook Portal: Construction Fact Sheets CASQA SWPPP Template 96 July 2012 EC Erosion Control lI SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control lJ NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WIVII Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: I1 Primary Objective I Secondary Objective 5 orS 11;1- ~Io4 ii. iS - Scheduling EC-1 Categories Description and Purpose Scheduling is the development of a written plan that includes sequencing of construction activities and the implementation of BMPs such as erosion control and sediment control while taking local climate (rainfall, wind, etc.) into consideration. The purpose is to reduce the amount and duration of soil exposed to erosion by wind, rain, runoff, and vehicle tracking, and to perform the construction activities and control practices in accordance with the planned schedule. Suitable Applications Proper sequencing of construction activities to reduce erosion potential should be incorporated into the schedule of every construction project especially during rainy season. Use of other, more costly yet less effective, erosion and sediment control BMPs may often be reduced through proper construction sequencing. Limitations Environmental constraints such as nesting season prohibitions reduce the full capabilities of this BMP. Implementation . Avoid rainy periods. Schedule major grading operations during dry months when practical. Allow enough time before rainfall begins to stabilize the soil with vegetation or physical means or to install sediment trapping devices. Plan the project and develop a schedule showing each phase of construction. Clearly show how the rainy season relates Targeted Constituents Sediment El Nutnents Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives None If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASQA nameflogo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version, CALIrORNIA S1DRM4TC QU11I AscnrI.%1un\ November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 1 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Scheduling EC-1 to soil disturbing and re-stabilization activities. Incorporate the construction schedule into the SWPPP. a Include on the schedule, details on the rainy season implementation and deployment of: - Erosion control BMPs - Sediment control BMPs - Tracking control BMPs - Wind erosion control BMPs - Non-stormwater BMPs - Waste management and materials pollution control BMPs i Include dates for activities that may require non-stormwater discharges such as dewatering, sawcutting, grinding, drilling, boring, crushing, blasting, painting, hydro-demolition, mortar mixing, pavement cleaning, etc. Work out the sequencing and timetable for the start and completion of each item such as site clearing and grubbing, grading, excavation, paving, foundation pouring utilities installation, etc., to minimize the active construction area during the rainy season. Sequence trenching activities so that most open portions are dosed before new trenching begins. Incorporate staged seeding and re-vegetation of graded slopes as work progresses. Schedule establishment of permanent vegetation during appropriate planting time for specified vegetation. a Non-active areas should be stabilized as soon as practical after the cessation of soil disturbing activities or one day prior to the onset of precipitation. Monitor the weather forecast for rainfall. When rainfall is predicted, adjust the construction schedule to allow the implementation of soil stabilization and sediment treatment controls on all disturbed areas prior to the onset of rain. a Be prepared year round to deploy erosion control and sediment control BMPs. Erosion may be caused during dry seasons by un-seasonal rainfall, wind, and vehicle tracking. Keep the site stabilized year round, and retain and maintain rainy season sediment trapping devices in operational condition. a Apply permanent erosion control to areas deemed substantially complete during the project's defined seeding window. Costs Construction scheduling to reduce erosion may increase other construction costs due to reduced economies of scale in performing site grading. The cost effectiveness of scheduling techniques should be compared with the other less effective erosion and sedimentation controls to achieve a cost effective balance. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Scheduling EC-1 Inspection and Maintenance Verify that work is progressing in accordance with the schedule. If progress deviates, take corrective actions. Amend the schedule when changes are warranted. Amend the schedule prior to the rainy season to show updated information on the deployment and implementation of construction site BMPs. References Stormwater Quality Handbooks Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practices (EPA 832-R-92-005), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, September 1992. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Compost Blanket EC-14 Description and Purpose A compost blanket is applied to slopes and earth disturbed areas to prevent erosion, and in some cases, increase infiltration and/or establish vegetation. The compost blanket can be applied by hand, conveyor system, compost spreader, or pneumatic delivery (blower) system. The blanket thickness is determined from the slope steepness and anticipated precipitation. A compost blanket protects the soil surface from raindrop erosion, particularly rills and gullies that may form under other methods of erosion control. A compost blanket, if properly installed, can be very successful at vegetation establishment, weed suppression and erosion control. The compost blanket comes into direct contact with the underlying soil, reducing rill formation. Furthermore, compost provides organic matter and nutrients important for vegetation growth. The compost blanket provides soil structure that allows water to infiltrate the soil surface and retain moisture, which also promotes seed germination and vegetation growth, in addition to reducing runoff. Compost is typically derived from combinations of feedstocks, biosolids, leaf and yard trimmings, manure, wood, or mixed solid waste. Many types of compost are products of municipal recycle or "Greenwaste" programs. Compost is organic and biodegradable and can be left onsite. There are many types of compost with a variety of properties with specific functions, and accordingly, compost selection is an important design consideration in the application of this type of erosion control. Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: l Primary Category l] Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives EC-3 Hydraulic Mulch EC-4 Hydroseeding EC-5 Soil Binders EC-7 Geotextiles and Mats EC-8 Wood Mulching If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASQA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAUIUMASTOKMWATEE QLIAI.IT A-SSOCIAFIOX July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 1 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org Compost Blanket EC-14 Suitable Applications A compost blanket is appropriate for slopes and earth disturbed areas requiring protection until permanent stabilization is established. A compost blanket can also used in combination with temporary and/or permanent seeding strategies to enhance plant establishment. Examples include: i Rough-graded areas that will remain inactive for longer than 14 days Soil stockpiles Slopes with exposed soil between existing vegetation such as trees or shrubs Slopes planted with live, container-grown vegetation Disturbed areas where plants are slow to develop A compost blanket is typically used on slopes of :i (H:V) or gentler. However, a compost blanket can be effective when applied to slopes as steep as 1:1 (H:V) with appropriate design considerations including slope length, blanket thickness, adding components such as a tackifier, or using compost blankets in conjunction with other techniques, such as compost socks and berms or fiber rolls. Compost can be pre-seeded prior to application to the soil (recommended by the EPA for construction site stormwater runoff control) or seeded after the blanket has been installed. The compost medium can also remove pollutants in stormwater including heavy metals; oil and grease; and hydrocarbons (USEPA, 1998). Limitations Compost can potentially leach nutrients (dissolved phosphorus and nitrogen) into runoff and potentially impact water quality. Compost should not be used directly upstream from nutrient impaired waterbodies (Adams et. al, 2008). Compost may also contain other undesirable constituents that are detrimental to water quality. Carefully consider the qualifications and experience of any compost producer/supplier. A compost blanket applied by hand is more time intensive and potentially costly. Using a pneumatic blower truck is the recommended cost effective method of application. When blowers are used, the treatment areas should be within 300 ft of a road or surface capable of supporting trucks. Wind may limit application of compost and result in application to undesired locations. Compost blankets should not be applied in areas of concentrated flows. Steeper slopes may require additional blanket thickness and other stability measures such as using tackifiers or slope interruption devices (compost socks and berms, or fiber rolls). The same applies for sites with high precipitation totals or during the rainy season. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org Compost Blanket EC-14 Implementation i Additional guidance on the comparison and selection of temporary slope stabilization methods is provided in Appendix F of the Handbook. Compost Materials California Compost Regulations (Title 14, California Code of Regulations, Division 7, Chapter 3.1, Article 7, Section 17868.3) define and require a quality of compost for application. Compost should comply with all physical and chemical requirements. Specific requirements are provided in Table 1 below, taken from Caltrans Standard Special Provision 10-1 (SSP io-1), Erosion Control (Compost Blanket). The compost producer should be fully permitted as specified under the California Integrated Waste Management Board, Local Enforcement Agencies and any other State and Local Agencies that regulate Solid Waste Facilities. If exempt from State permitting requirements, the composting facility should certify that it follows guidelines and procedures for production of compost meeting the environmental health standards of Title 14, California Code of Regulations, Division 7, Chapter 3.1, Article 7. a The compost producer should be a participant in United States Composting Council's Seal of Testing Assurance program. Compost moisture should be considered for composition quality and application purposes. A range of 30-50% is typical. Compost that is too dry is hard to apply and compost that is too wet is more difficult (and more expensive) to transport. For and or semi-arid areas, or for application during the dry season, use compost with greater moisture content than areas with wetter climates. For wetter or more humid climates or for application during the wet season, drier composts can be used as the compost will absorb moisture from the ambient air. Organic content of the compost is also important and should range from 30 to 65% depending on site conditions. Compost should be high-quality mature compost. Immature compost can potentially leach nutrients. Compost should not be derived from mixed municipal solid waste and should be free of visible contaminants. Compost should not contain paint, petroleum products, pesticides or any other chemical residues harmful to animal life or plant growth. Metal concentrations in compost should not exceed the maximum metal concentrations listed under Title 14, California Code of Regulations, Division 7, Chapter 3.1, Section 17868.2. Compost should not possess objectionable odors. Compost should be weed free. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org Compost Blanket EC-14 Table 1. Physical/chemical Requirements of Compost Reference - Co/trans SP-io Erosion Control Blanket (Conmost) Property Test Method Requirement *TMECC 04.11-A pH Elastometric pH 1:5 Slurry Method 6.o-8.o pH Units Soluble Salts TMECC 04.10-A Electrical Conductivity 1:5 Slurry Method 0-10.0 dSJm_(mmhos/cm) TMECC 03.09-A Moisture Content Total Solids & Moisture at 70+/- 5 deg C 30-60 % Wet Weight Basis Organic Matter TMECC 05.07-A Content Loss-On-Ignition Organic Matter Method (LOT) 30-65 % Dry Weight Basis TMECC 05.05-A Maturity Germination and Vigor 80 or Above Seed Emergence 8o or Above Seedling Vigor % Relative to Positive Control TMECC 05.08-B Stability Carbon Dioxide Evolution Rate 8 or below mg CO2-CJg OM per day i00% Passing, 3 inch TMEC 02.02-B 90-100% Passing, jinch Particle Size Sample Sieving for Aggregate Size Classification 65-100% Passing, 3f4 inch % Dry Weight Basis 0-75% Passing, 1/4 inch Maximum length 6 inches Pathogen TMECC 07.01-B Fecal Co]iform Bacteria Pass <1000 MPN/gram dry wt. Pathogen TMECC 07.01-B Salmonella Pass <SMPN/4 grams dry wt. TMECC 02.02-C Physical Contaminants Man Made Inert Removal and Classification: Combined Total: Plastic, Glass and Metal <10 % > 4mm fraction TMECC 02.02-C Man Made Inert Removal and Classification: Physical Contaminants Sharps (Sewing needles, straight pins and hypodermic None Detected needles) - - - %> mm fraction TM1X reters to trest Methods -for the Examination of Composting and Compost," published by the United States Department of Agriculture and the United States Compost Council (115CC). Installation Prior to compost application, prepare the slope by removing loose rocks, roots, stumps, and other debris greater than 2" in diameter. Prepare the slope area surface by scarifying or track walking/roughening if necessary. Select method to apply the compost blanket. A pneumatic blower is most cost effective and most adaptive in applying compost to steep, rough terrain, and hard to reach locations. A compost blanket thickness of i" to 4" should be applied to slopes of 2:1 (H:V) or gentler, based on site-specific conditions. Increase blanket thickness with increased slope steepness and/or during installation during the rainy season (for example, 2" to 3" should be used for a July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org Compost Blanket EC-14 3:1 slope, while 1" to 2" can be used for a :i slope). Erosion control using a compost blanket is not recommended for slopes greater than 1:1 (H:V). For steeper slopes, tackifiers should be utilized and/or other stabilization techniques employed. For example, compost socks or berms can be installed at intervals over the compost blanket (in a similar manner as Fiber Rolls, SE-5). Compost socks or berms (or equivalent linear sediment control BMP) should be placed at the top and/or bottom of the slope for additional erosion control performance. For optimum vegetation establishment, a blanket thickness of i" to 2" is recommended. If vegetation establishment is not the primary function of the compost blanket, a thicker blanket may be recommended based on slope or rainfall conditions. is Evenly distribute compost on the soil surface to the desired blanket thickness (1/2" to 4" as calculated prior based on site conditions and objectives). Even distribution is an important factor in preventing future nil and gully erosion. The compost blanket should extend 3 to 6 feet over the top of the shoulder of the slope. A compost sock or compost berm can be used at the top of the slope as an auxiliary technique to prevent runoff from flowing underneath the compost blanket. Use additional anchoring and erosion control BMPs in conjunction of the compost blanket as needed. Costs The cost associated with a compost blanket is similar to that of a straw mat and generally less expensive than a geotextile blanket (USEPA, 2009). Caltrans has provided a recent estimate for $5,000 to $8,000 per acre for application of an unseeded 1 inch compost blanket (Caltrans Compost Specifications, 2009). Recently obtained vendor costs indicate that proprietary blends of compost that are seeded and contain a nutrient rich "tackifier" can cost approximately $0.35 per square foot, or approximately $15,000 per acre for a 2 inch blanket. Application by hand is more time intensive and likely more costly. Inspection and Maintenance BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. Areas where erosion is evident, another layer of compost should be reapplied as soon as possible. it may be necessary to install an additional type of stormwater BMP at the top of slope or as a slope interrupter to control flow, such as a fiber roll (SE-5) or compost sock (SE-W. Care should be exercised to minimize the damage to protected areas while making repairs, as any area damaged will require reapplication of BMPs. Limit or prohibit foot traffic to minimize damage to BMP or impede vegetation establishment. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 5 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org Compost Blanket EC-14 References An Analysis of Composting as an Environmental Remediation Technology, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Solid Waste and Emergency Response (5305W), EPA530-R-8-008, 1998. Characteristics of Compost: Moisture Holding and Water Quality Improvement, Center for Research in Water Resources, Kirchoff, C., Malina, J., and Barrett, M., 2003. Compost Utilization for Erosion Control, The University of Georgia College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, pubs.caes.uga.edu/caespubs/pubcd/B1200.htm, Faucette, B. and Risse, M., 2009. Demonstration Project Using Yard Debris Compost for Erosion Control, Final Report, presented to Metropolitan Service District, W&H Pacific, 1993. Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, 2005. Standard Special Provision b-i, Erosion Control (Compost Blanket), California Department of Transportation (Caltrans). 2007 Update. Evaluation of Environmental Benefits and Impacts of Compost and Industry Standard Erosion and Sediment Controls Measures Used in Construction Activities, Dissertation, Institute of Ecology, University of Georgia, Faucette, B., 2004. Filter Sock Presentation provided at Erosion, Sediment Control and Stormwater Management with Compost BMPs Workshop, U.S. Composting Council 13th Annual Conference and Trade Show, McCoy, S., 2005. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES), Compost Blankets, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). http://cfpub.epa.gov/npdes/storrnwater/tnenuofbmps/index.cfrn?action=factsheet rcsults&vie w=specffic&bmp=ii8, 2009. Standard Specifications for Transportation Materials and Methods of Sampling and Testing Designation M10-03, Compost for Erosion/Sediment Control (Compost Blankets), Provisional, American Association of State Highway Transportation Officials (AASHTO), 2003. Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMPs) Field Trials of Erosion Control Compost in Reclamation of Rock Quarry Operations, Nonpoint Source Protection Program CWA §319(h), Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, Adams, T., McFarland, A., Hauck, L, Barrett, M., and Eck, B., 2008. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 6 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org Hydraulic Mulch EC-3 Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control I) NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: [?J Primary category C} Secondary Category Description and Purpose Hydraulic Mulch consists of various types of fibrous materials mixed with water and sprayed onto the soil surface in slurry form to provide a layer of temporary protection from wind and water erosion. Suitable Applications Hydraulic mulch as a temporary, standalone, erosion control BMP is suitable for disturbed areas that require temporary protection from wind and water erosion until permanent soil stabilization activities commence. Examples include: Rough-graded areas that will remain inactive for longer than permit-required thresholds (e.g., 14 days) or otherwise require stabilization to minimize erosion or prevent sediment discharges. Soil stockpiles. Slopes with exposed soil between existing vegetation such as trees or shrubs. Slopes planted with live, container-grown vegetation or plugs. Slopes burned by wildfire. Targeted Constituents Sediment El Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives EC-4 Hydroseeding EC-5 Soil Binders EC-6 Straw Mulch EC-7 Geotextiles and Mats EC-8 Wood Mulching EC-14 Compost Blanket EC-16 Non-Vegetative Stabilization If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASQA name/logo and tooter below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CALIFORNIA STORMWATER Q(.II1 ;.¼I3(1 July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 1 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Hydraulic Mulch EC-3 Hydraulic mulch can also be applied to augment other erosion control BMPs such as: In conjunction with straw mulch (see EC-6 Straw Mulch) where the rate of hydraulic mulch is reduced to 100-500 lbs per acre and the slurry is applied over the straw as a tackifying agent to hold the straw in place. Supplemental application of soil amendments, such as fertilizer, lime, gypsum, soil bio- stimulants or compost. Limitations In general, hydraulic mulch is not limited by slope length, gradient or soil type. However, the following limitations typically apply: i Most hydraulic mulch applications, particularly bonded fiber matrices (BFMs), require at least 24 hours to dry before rainfall occurs. Temporary applications (i.e., without a vegetative component) may require a second application in order to remain effective for an entire rainy season. Treatment areas must be accessible to hydraulic mulching equipment. Availability of water sources in remote areas for mixing and application. As a stand-alone temporary BMP, hydraulic mulches may need to be re-applied to maintain their erosion control effectiveness, typically after 6-12 months depending on the type of mulch used. Availability of hydraulic mulching equipment may be limited just prior to the rainy season and prior to storms due to high demand. Cellulose fiber mulches alone may not perform well on steep slopes or in course soils. This BMP consists of a mixture of several constituents (e.g., fibers/mulches, tackifiers, and other chemical constituents), some of which may be proprietary and may come pre-mixed by the manufacturer. The water quality impacts of these constituents are relatively unknown and some may have water quality impacts due to their chemical makeup. Refer to specific chemical properties identified in the product Material Safety Data Sheet; products should be evaluated for project-specific implementation by the SWPPP Preparer. Refer to factsheet EC-05 for further guidance on selecting soil binders. Implementation Where feasible, it is preferable to prepare soil surfaces prior to application by roughening embankments and if! areas with a crimping or punching type roller or by track walking. The majority of hydraulic mulch applications do not necessarily require surface/soil preparation (See EC-15 Soil Preparation) although in almost every case where re-vegetation is included as part of the practice, soil preparation can be beneficial. One of the advantages of hydraulic mulch over other erosion control methods is that it can be applied in areas where soil preparation is precluded by site conditions, such as steep slopes, rocky soils, or inaccessibility. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Hydraulic Mulch EC-3 Avoid mulch over spray onto roads, sidewalks, drainage channels, existing vegetation, etc. Hydraulic mulching is generally performed utilizing specialized machines that have a large water-holding/mixing tank and some form of mechanical agitation or other recirculation method to keep water, mulch and soil amendments in suspension. The mixed hydraulic slurry can be applied from a tower sprayer on top of the machine or by extending a hose to areas remote from the machine. a Where possible apply hydraulic mulch from multiple directions to adequately cover the soil. Application from a single direction can result in shadowing, uneven coverage and failure of the BMP. Hydraulic mulch can also include a vegetative component, such as seed, rhizomes, or stolons (see EC-4 Hydraulic Seed). Typical hydraulic mulch application rates range from 2,000 pounds per acre for standard mulches (SMs) to 3,500 pounds per acre for BFMs. However, the required amount of hydraulic mulch to provide adequate coverage of exposed topsoil may appear to exceed the standard rates when the roughness of the soil surface is changed due to soil preparation methods (see EC-15 Soil Preparation) or by slope gradient. Other factors such as existing soil moisture and soil texture can have a profound effect on the amount of hydraulic mulch required (i.e. application rate) applied to achieve an erosion- resistant covering. u Avoid use of mulch without a tackifier component, especially on slopes. . Mulches used in the hydraulic mulch slurry can include: - Cellulose fiber - Thermally-processed wood fibers - Cotton - Synthetics - Compost (see EC-14, Compost Blanket) Additional guidance on the comparison and selection of temporary slope stabilization methods is provided in Appendix F of the Handbook. Categories of Hydraulic Mulches StandarctHvdraulic Mulch (SM) Standard hydraulic mulches are generally applied at a rate of 2,000 pounds per acre and are manufactured containing around 5% tackifier (i.e. soil binder), usually a plant-derived guar or psyllium type. Most standard mulches are green in color derived from food-color based dyes. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Hydraulic Mulch EC-3 Hydraulic Matrices (HM) and Stabilized Fiber Matrices 1SFM' Hydraulic matrices and stabilized fiber matrices are slurries which contain increased levels of tackifiers/soil binders; usually 10% or more by weight. HMs and SFMs have improved performance compared to a standard hydraulic mulch (SM) because of the additional percentage of tackifier and because of their higher application rates, typically 2,500 - 4,000 pounds per acre. Hydraulic matrices can include a mixture of fibers, for example, a 50/50 blend of paper and wood fiber. In the case of an 5PM, the tackifier/soil binder is specified as a polyaciylamide (PAM). Bonded Fiber Matrix (BFMI Bonded fiber matrices (BFMs) are hydraulically-applied systems of fibers, adhesives (typically guar based) and chemical cross-links. Upon drying, the slurry forms an erosion-resistant blanket that prevents soil erosion and promotes vegetation establishment. The cross-linked adhesive in the BFM should be biodegradable and should not dissolve or disperse upon re- wetting. BFMs are typically applied at rates from 3,000 to 4,000 lbs/acre based on the manufacturer's recommendation. BFMs should not be applied immediately before, during or immediately after rainfall or if the soil is saturated. Depending on the product, BFMs typically require 12 to 24 hours to dry and become effective. Mechanically-Bonded Fiber Matrices (MBFM) Mechanically-bonded fiber matrices (MBFMs) are hydraulically applied systems similar to BFM that use crimped synthetic fibers and PAM and are typically applied to a slope at a higher application rate than a standard BFM. Hydraulic Compost Matrix (HCM) Hydraulic compost matrix (HCM) is a field-derived practice whereby finely graded or sifted compost is introduced into the hydraulic mulch slurry. A guar-type tackifier can be added for steeper slope applications as well as any specified seed mixtures. A HCM can help to accelerate seed germination and growth. HCMs are particularly useful as an in-fill for three-dimensional re-vegetation geocomposites, such as turf reinforcement mats (TRM) (see EC-7 Geotextiles and Mats). Costs Average installed costs for hydraulic mulch categories are is provided in Table 1, below. Table 1 HYDRAULIC MULCH BMPs INSTALLED COSTS BMP Installed Cost/Acre Standard Hydraulic Mulching (SM) $1,700 - $3,600 per acre Hydraulic Matrices (HM) and Stabilized Fiber Matrices Guar-based PAM-based $2,000- $4,000 per acre $2,500- $5,610 per acre Bonded Fiber Matrix (BFM) $3,900- $6,900 per acre Mechanically Bonded Fiber Matrix (MBFM) $4500 - $6,000 per acre Hydraulic Compost Matrix (HCM) $3,000 - $3,500 per acre July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Hydraulic Mulch EC-3 Source: Cost information received from individual product manufacturers solicited by Geosyntec Consultants (2004) Inspection and Maintenance Maintain an unbroken, temporary mulched ground cover throughout the period of construction when the soils are not being reworked. BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. Areas where erosion is evident should be repaired and BMPs re-applied as soon as possible. Care should be exercised to minimize the damage to protected areas while making repairs, as any area damaged will require re-application of BMPs. Compare the number of bags or weight of applied mulch to the area treated to determine actual application rates and compliance with specifications. References Soil Stabilization BMP Research for Erosion and Sediment Controls: Cost Survey Technical Memorandum, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), July 2007. Controlling Erosion of Construction Sites, Agricultural Information #347, U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) (formerly Soil Conservation Service - SCS). Guides for Erosion and Sediment Control in California, USDA Soils Conservation Service, January 1991. Manual of Standards of Erosion and Sediment Control Measures, Association of Bay Area Governments, May 1995. Sedimentation and Erosion Control, An Inventory of Current Practices Draft, US EPA, April 1990. Soil Erosion by Water, Agriculture Information Bulletin #513, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. Stormwater Quality Handbooks Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Guidance Document: Soil Stabilization for Temporary Slopes, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 1999 Stormwater Management of the Puget Sound Basin, Technical Manual, Publication #91-75, Washington State Department of Ecology, February 1992. Water Quality Management Plan for the Lake Tahoe Region, Volume II, Handbook of Management Practices, Tahoe Regional Planning Agency, November 1988. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 5 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Hydroseeding EC-4 Wi 7 Description and Purpose Hydroseeding typically consists of applying a mixture of a hydraulic mulch, seed, fertilizer, and stabilizing emulsion with a hydraulic mulcher, to temporarily protect exposed soils from erosion by water and wind. Hydraulic seeding, or hydroseeding, is simply the method by which temporary or permanent seed is applied to the soil surface. Suitable Applications Hydroseeding is suitable for disturbed areas requiring temporary protection until permanent stabilization is established, for disturbed areas that will be re-disturbed following an extended period of inactivity, or to apply permanent stabilization measures. Hydroseeding without mulch or other cover (e.g. EC-7, Erosion Control Blanket) is not a stand-alone erosion control BMP and should be combined with additional measures until vegetation establishment. Typical applications for hydroseeding include: Disturbed soil/graded areas where permanent stabilization or continued earthwork is not anticipated prior to seed germination. Cleared and graded areas exposed to seasonal rains or temporary irrigation. Areas not subject to heavy wear by construction equipment or high traffic. Categories EC Erosion Control El SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control j NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WIVI Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: Primary Category ll Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment El Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives - EC-3 Hydraulic Mulch EC-5 Soil Binders EC-6 Straw Mulch EC-7 Geotextiles and Mats EC-8 Wood Mulching EC-14 Compost Blanket EC-16 Non-Vegetative Stabilization If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASQA nameflogo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAUI'ORMA STORMWAItR VI-AL11N II's July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 1 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Hydroseeding EC-4 Limitations Availability of hydroseeding equipment may be limited just prior to the rainy season and prior to storms due to high demand. Hydraulic seed should be applied with hydraulic mulch or a stand-alone hydroseed application should be followed by one of the following: - Straw mulch (see Straw Mulch EC-6) Rolled erosion control products (see Geotextiles and Mats EC-7) - Application of Compost Blanket (see Compost Blanket EC-14) Hydraulic seed may be used alone only on small flat surfaces when there is sufficient time in the season to ensure adequate vegetation establishment and coverage to provide adequate erosion control. Hydraulic seed without mulch does not provide immediate erosion control. Temporary seeding may not be appropriate for steep slopes (i.e., slopes readily prone to nil erosion or without sufficient topsoil). Temporary seeding may not be appropriate in dry periods without supplemental irrigation. Temporary vegetation may have to be removed before permanent vegetation is applied. Temporary vegetation may not be appropriate for short term inactivity (i.e. less than 3-6 months). This BMP consists of a mixture of several constituents (e.g., fibers/mulches, tackifiers, and other chemical constituents), some of which may be proprietary and may come pre-mixed by the manufacturer. The water quality impacts of these constituents are relatively unknown and some may have water quality impacts due to their chemical makeup. Additionally these constituents may require non-visible pollutant monitoring. Refer to specific chemical properties identified in the product Material Safety Data Sheet; products should be evaluated for project-specific implementation by the SWPPP Preparer. Refer to factsheet EC-05 for further guidance on selecting soil binders. Implementation In order to select appropriate hydraulic seed mixtures, an evaluation of site conditions should be performed with respect to: - Soil conditions - Maintenance requirements - Site topography and exposure (sun/wind) - Sensitive adjacent areas - Season and climate - Water availability - Vegetation types - Plans for permanent vegetation July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Hydroseeding EC-4 The local office of the U.S.D.A. Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), Resource Conservation Districts and Agricultural Extension Service can provide information on appropriate seed mixes. The following steps should be followed for implementation: Where appropriate or feasible, soil should be prepared to receive the seed by disking or otherwise scarifying (See EC-15, Soil Preparation) the surface to eliminate crust, improve air and water infiltration and create a more favorable environment for germination and growth. Avoid use of hydraulic seed in areas where the BMP would be incompatible with future earthwork activities. Hydraulic seed can be applied using a multiple step or one step process. In a multiple step process, hydraulic seed is applied first, followed by mulch or a Rolled Erosion Control Product (RECP). In the one step process, hydraulic seed is applied with hydraulic mulch in a hydraulic matrix. When the one step process is used to apply the mixture of fiber, seed, etc., the seed rate should be increased to compensate for all seeds not having direct contact with the soil. All hydraulically seeded areas should have mulch, or alternate erosion control cover to keep seeds in place and to moderate soil moisture and temperature until the seeds germinate and grow. All seeds should be in conformance with the California State Seed Law of the Department of Agriculture. Each seed bag should be delivered to the site sealed and clearly marked as to species, purity, percent germination, dealer's guarantee, and dates of test. The container should be labeled to clearly reflect the amount of Pure Live Seed (PLS) contained. All legume seed should be pellet inoculated. Inoculant sources should be species specific and should be applied at a rate of 2 lb of inoculant per 100 lb seed. Commercial fertilizer should conform to the requirements of the California Food and Agricultural Code, which can be found at , http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/.html/fac_table_of_contents.html. Fertilizer should be pelleted or granular form. Follow up applications should be made as needed to cover areas of poor coverage or germination/vegetation establishment and to maintain adequate soil protection. Avoid over spray onto roads, sidewalks, drainage channels, existing vegetation, etc. Additional guidance on the comparison and selection of temporary slope stabilization methods is provided in Appendix F of the Handbook. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Hydroseeding EC-4 Costs Average cost for installation and maintenance may vary from as low as $1,900 per acre for flat slopes and stable soils, to $4,000 per acre for moderate to steep slopes and/or erosive soils. Cost of seed mixtures vary based on types of required vegetation. BMP Installed I Cost per Acre Hydraulic Seed $190044,000 Source: Cost information received from individual product manufacturers solicited by Geosyntec Consultants (2004). Inspection and Maintenance BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. Areas where erosion is evident should be repaired and BMPs re-applied as soon as possible. Care should be exercised to minimize the damage to protected areas while making repairs, as any area damaged will require re-application of BMPs. Where seeds fail to germinate, or they germinate and die, the area must be re-seeded, fertilized, and mulched within the planting season, using not less than half the original application rates. Irrigation systems, if applicable, should be inspected daily while in use to identify system malfunctions and line breaks. When line breaks are detected, the system must be shut down immediately and breaks repaired before the system is put back into operation. Irrigation systems should be inspected for complete coverage and adjusted as needed to maintain complete coverage. References Soil Stabilization BMP Research for Erosion and Sediment Controls: Cost Survey Technical Memorandum, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), July 2007. Stormwater Quality Handbooks Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Guidance Document: Soil Stabilization for Temporary Slopes, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 1999. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control IC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control ll NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: El Primary Category IN Secondary Category Straw Mulch EC-6 Targeted Constituents Description and Purpose Sediment Straw mulch consists of placing a uniform layer of straw and Nutrients incorporating it into the soil with a studded roller or crimper, or Trash anchoring it with a tackifier or stabilizing emulsion. Straw mulch protects the soil surface from the impact of rain drops, Metals preventing soil particles from becoming dislodged. Bacteria Oil and Grease Suitable Applications Organics Straw mulch is suitable for disturbed areas requiring temporary protection until permanent stabilization is established. Straw mulch can be specified for the following applications: Potential Alternatives EC-3 Hydraulic Mulch As a stand-alone BMP on disturbed areas until soils can be prepared for permanent vegetation. The longevity of straw EC-4 Hydroseeding mulch is typically less than six months. EC-5 Soil Binders a Applied in combination with temporary seeding strategies EC-7 Geotextiles and Mats EC-8 Wood Mulching a Applied in combination with permanent seeding strategies EC-14 Compost Blanket to enhance plant establishment and final soil stabilization If User/Subscriber modifies this fact a Applied around containerized plantings to control erosion sheet in any way, the CASQA until the plants become established to provide permanent name/logo and footer below must be stabilization removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. Limitations Availability of straw and straw blowing equipment may be limited just prior to the rainy season and prior to storms due to high demand. CM41ORNIA STORM WARM QI'AIJI'i IUc July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 1 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Straw Mulch EC-6 * There is a potential for introduction of weed seed and unwanted plant material if weed-free agricultural straw is not specified. Straw mulch applied by hand is more time intensive and potentially costly. Wind may limit application of straw and blow straw into undesired locations. May have to be removed prior to permanent seeding or prior to further earthwork "Punching" of straw does not work in sandy soils, necessitating the use of tackiflers. Potential fugitive dust control issues associated with straw applications can occur. Application of a stabilizing emulsion or a water stream at the same time straw is being blown can reduce this problem. Use of plastic netting should be avoided in areas where wildlife may be entrapped and may be prohibited for projects in certain areas with sensitive wildlife species, especially reptiles and amphibians. Implementation Straw should be derived from weed-free wheat, rice, or barley. Where required by the plans, specifications, permits, or environmental documents, native grass straw should be used. Use tackifier to anchor straw mulch to the soil on slopes. Crimping, punch roller-type rollers, or track walking may also be used to incorporate straw mulch into the soil on slopes. Track walking can be used where other methods are impractical. i Avoid placing straw onto roads, sidewalks, drainage channels, sound walls, existing vegetation, etc. Straw mulch with tackifier should not be applied during or immediately before rainfall. Additional guidance on the comparison and selection of temporary slope stabilization methods is provided in Appendix F of the Handbook. Application Procedures When using a tackifier to anchor the straw mulch, roughen embankment or fill areas by rolling with a crimping or punching-type roller or by track walking before placing the straw mulch. Track walking should only be used where rolling is impractical. Apply straw at a rate of between 3,000 and 4,000 lb/acre, either by machine or by hand distribution and provide i00% ground cover. A lighter application is used for flat surfaces and a heavier application is used for slopes. u Evenly distribute straw mulch on the soil surface. Anchoring straw mulch to the soil surface by "punching" it into the soil mechanically (incorporating) can be used in lieu of a tackifier. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Straw Mulch EC-6 Methods for holding the straw mulch in place depend upon the slope steepness, accessibility, soil conditions, and longevity. A tackifier acts to glue the straw fibers together and to the soil surface. The tackifier should be selected based on longevity and ability to hold the fibers in place. A tackifier is typically applied at a rate of 125 lb/acre. In windy conditions, the rates are typically iSo lb/acre. - On very small areas, a spade or shovel can be used to punch in straw mulch. On slopes with soils that are stable enough and of sufficient gradient to safely support construction equipment without contributing to compaction and instability problems, straw can be "punched" into the ground using a knife blade roller or a straight bladed coulter, known commercially as a "crimper." Costs Average annual cost for installation and maintenance is included in the table below. Application by hand is more time intensive and potentially more costly. BMP Unit Cost per Acre Straw mulch, crimped or punched $2,45845,375 Straw mulch with tackifier $1,823-$4,802 Source: Cost information received from individual product suppliers solicited by Geosyntec Consultants (2004). Inspection and Maintenance BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. Areas where erosion is evident should be repaired and BMPs re-applied as soon as possible. Care should be exercised to minimize the damage to protected areas while making repairs, as any area damaged will require re-application of BMPs. The key consideration in inspection and maintenance is that the straw needs to last long enough to achieve erosion control objectives. Straw mulch as a stand-alone BMP is temporary and is not suited for long-term erosion control. Maintain an unbroken, temporary mulched ground cover while disturbed soil areas are inactive. Repair any damaged ground cover and re-mulch exposed areas. Reapplication of straw mulch and tackifier may be required to maintain effective soil stabilization over disturbed areas and slopes. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Straw Mulch EC-6 References Soil Stabilization BMP Research for Erosion and Sediment Controls: Cost Survey Technical Memorandum, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), July 2007. Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, February 2005. Controlling Erosion of Construction Sites, Agricultural Information Bulletin #347, U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) (formerly Soil Conservation Service - SCS). Guides for Erosion and Sediment Control in California, USDA Soils Conservation Service, January 1991. Manual of Standards of Erosion and Sediment Control Measures, Association of Bay Area Governments, May 1995. Soil Erosion by Water, Agricultural Information Bulletin #513, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. Stormwater Quality Handbooks Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Stormwater Management of the Puget Sound Basin, Technical Manual, Publication #91-75, Washington State Department of Ecology, February 1992. Water Quality Management Plan for the Lake Tahoe Region, Volume II, Handbook of Management Practices, Tahoe Regional Planning Agency, November 1988. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Wood Mulching EC-8 Description and Purpose Wood mulching consists of applying a mixture of shredded wood mulch, bark or compost to disturbed soils. The primary function of wood mulching is to reduce erosion by protecting bare soil from rainfall impact, increasing infiltration, and reducing runoff. Suitable Applications Wood mulching is suitable for disturbed soil areas requiring temporary protection until permanent stabilization is established. Limitations Not suitable for use on slopes steeper than :i (H:V). Best suited to flat areas or gentle slopes or :i (H:V) or flatter. Wood mulch and compost may introduce unwanted species. Not suitable for areas exposed to concentrated flows. a May need to be removed prior to further earthwork. Implementation Mulch Selection There are many types of mulches. Selection of the appropriate type of mulch should be based on the type of application, site conditions, and compatibility with planned or future uses. Categories EC Erosion Control El SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control IJ NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: 1 Primary Objective IJ Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives EC-3 Hydraulic Mulch EC-4 Hydroseeding EC-5 Soil Binders EC-6 Straw Mulch EC-7 Gentextiles and Mats If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASQA namellogo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. C4UfOLI4UIST0RMWA1ER OAI II'. ASIMC14TIMN January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook - 1 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Wood Mulching EC-8 Application Procedures Prior to application, after existing vegetation has been removed, roughen embankment and fill areas by rolling with a device such as a punching type roller or by track walking. The construction application procedures for mulches vary significantly depending upon the type of mulching method specified. Two methods are highlighted here: Green Material: This type of mulch is produced by the recycling of vegetation trimmings such as grass, shredded shrubs, and trees. Methods of application are generally by hand although pneumatic methods are available. - Green material can be used as a temporary ground cover with or without seeding. - The green material should be evenly distributed on site to a depth of not more than 2 in. Shredded Wood: Suitable for ground cover in ornamental or revegetated plantings. Shredded wood/bark is conditionally suitable See note under limitations. Distribute by hand or use pneumatic methods. Evenly distribute the mulch across the soil surface to a depth of 2 to 3 m. Avoid mulch placement onto roads, sidewalks, drainage channels, existing vegetation, etc. Costs Average annual cost for installation and maintenance (3-4 months useful life) is around $4,000 per acre, but cost can increase if the source is not close to the project site. Inspection and Maintenance Inspect BMPs in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. Areas where erosion is evident shall be repaired and BMPs reapplied as soon as possible. Care should be exercised to minimize the damage to protected areas while making repairs, as any area damaged will require reapplication of BMPs. Regardless of the mulching technique selected, the key consideration in inspection and maintenance is that the mulch needs to last long enough to achieve erosion control objectives. If the mulch is applied as a stand alone erosion control method over disturbed areas (without seed), it should last the length of time the site will remain barren or until final re-grading and revegetation. Where vegetation is not the ultimate cover, such as ornamental and landscape applications of bark or wood chips, inspection and maintenance should focus on longevity and integrity of the mulch. Reapply mulch when bare earth becomes visible. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Wood Mulching EC-8 References Controlling Erosion of Construction Sites Agriculture Information Bulletin #347, U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) (formerly Soil Conservation Service - SCS). Guides for Erosion and Sediment Control in California, USDA Soils Conservation Service, January 1991. Manual of Standards of Erosion and Sediment Control Measures, Association of Bay Area Governments, May 1995. Proposed Guidance Specifying Management Measures for Sources of Nonpoint Pollution in Coastal Waters, Work Group Working Paper, USEPA, April 1992. Sedimentation and Erosion Control, An Inventory of Current Practices Draft, U.S. EPA, April 1990. Soil Erosion by Water Agricultural information Bulletin #513, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. Stormwater Quality Handbooks Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Water Quality Management Plan for the Lake Tahoe Region, Volume II, Handbook of Management Practices, Tahoe Regional Planning Agency, November 1988. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Description and Purpose Water conservation practices are activities that use water during the construction of a project in a manner that avoids causing erosion and the transport of pollutants offsite. These practices can reduce or eliminate non-stormwater discharges. Suitable Applications Water conservation practices are suitable for all construction sites where water is used, including piped water, metered water, trucked water, and water from a reservoir. Limitations a None identified. Water Conservation Practices NS-1 Categories EC Erosion Control IN SE Sediment Control (J TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: lJ Primary Objective II Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment El Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives None Implementation a Keep water equipment in good working condition. a Stabilize water truck filling area. Repair water leaks promptly. Washing of vehicles and equipment on the construction site is discouraged. Avoid using water to clean construction areas. If water must be used for cleaning or surface preparation, surface should be swept and vacuumed first to remove dirt. This will minimize amount of water required. If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASQA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. C,UmRNIA STORMWMU Q12I IT% AflCITIflN' January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook - 1 of 2 Construction www.casqa.org Water Conservation Practices NS-1 Direct construction water runoff to areas where it can soak into the ground or be collected and reused. Authorized non-stormwater discharges to the storm drain system, channels, or receiving waters are acceptable with the implementation of appropriate BMPs. Lock water tank valves to prevent unauthorized use. Costs The cost is small to none compared to the benefits of conserving water. Inspection and Maintenance Inspect and verify that activity based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of authorized non-stormwater discharges. Inspect BMPs in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharges daily while non-stormwater discharges are occuring. Repair water equipment as needed to prevent unintended discharges. - Water trucks - Water reservoirs (water buffalos) - Irrigation systems - Hydrant connections References Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 2 Construction www.casqa.org Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control IC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non.Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Objective 19 Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients El Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives None Vehicle & Equipment Maintenance NS-10 Description and Purpose Prevent or reduce the contamination of stormwater resulting from vehicle and equipment maintenance by running a "dry and clean site". The best option would be to perform maintenance activities at an offsite facility. If this option is not available then work should be performed in designated areas only, while providing cover for materials stored outside, checking for leaks and spills, and containing and cleaning up spills immediately. Employees and subcontractors must be trained in proper procedures. Suitable Applications These procedures are suitable on all construction projects where an onsite yard area is necessary for storage and maintenance of heavy equipment and vehicles. Limitations Onsite vehicle and equipment maintenance should only be used where it is impractical to send vehicles and equipment offsite for maintenance and repair. Sending vehicles/equipment offsite should be done in conjunction with TC-1, Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit. Outdoor vehicle or equipment maintenance is a potentially significant source of stormwater pollution. Activities that can contaminate stormwater include engine repair and service, changing or replacement of fluids, and outdoor equipment storage and parking (engine fluid leaks). For further information on vehicle or equipment servicing, see NS-8, If User/Subscriber modifies this tact sheet in any way, the CASQA nameflogo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAUENIA STORM WAItS I 1T, )anuary 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 1 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Vehicle & Equipment Maintenance NS-10 Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning, and NS-g, Vehicle and Equipment Fueling. Implementation Use offsite repair shops as much as possible. These businesses are better equipped to handle vehicle fluids and spills properly. Performing this work offsite can also be economical by eliminating the need for a separate maintenance area. If maintenance must occur onsite, use designated areas, located away from drainage courses. Dedicated maintenance areas should be protected from stormwater runon and runoff, and should be located at least 50 ft from downstream drainage facilities and watercourses. Drip pans or absorbent pads should be used during vehicle and equipment maintenance work that involves fluids, unless the maintenance work is performed over an impermeable surface in a dedicated maintenance area. Place a stockpile of spill cleanup materials where it will be readily accessible. All fueling trucks and fueling areas are required to have spill kits and/or use other spill protection devices. Use adsorbent materials on small spills. Remove the absorbent materials promptly and dispose of properly. Inspect onsite vehicles and equipment daily at startup for leaks, and repair immediately. Keep vehicles and equipment clean; do not allow excessive build-up of oil and grease. Segregate and recycle wastes, such as greases, used oil or oil filters, antifreeze, cleaning solutions, automotive batteries, hydraulic and transmission fluids. Provide secondary containment and covers for these materials if stored onsite. Train employees and subcontractors in proper maintenance and spill cleanup procedures. Drip pans or plastic sheeting should be placed under all vehicles and equipment placed on docks, barges, or other structures over water bodies when the vehicle or equipment is planned to be idle for more than 1 hour. For long-term projects, consider using portable tents or covers over maintenance areas if maintenance cannot be performed offsite. Consider use of new, alternative greases and lubricants, such as adhesive greases, for chassis lubrication and fifth-wheel lubrication. Properly dispose of used oils, fluids, lubricants, and spill cleanup materials. Do not place used oil in a dumpster or pour into a storm drain or watercourse. a Properly dispose of or recycle used batteries. a Do not bury used tires. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Vehicle & Equipment Maintenance NS-10 Repair leaks of fluids and oil immediately. Listed below is further information if you must perform vehicle or equipment maintenance onsite. Sofer Alternative Products Consider products that are less toxic or hazardous than regular products. These products are often sold under an "environmentally friendly" label. Consider use of grease substitutes for lubrication of truck fifth-wheels. Follow manufacturers label for details on specific uses. Consider use of plastic friction plates on truck fifth-wheels in lieu of grease. Follow manufacturers label for details on specific uses. Waste Reduction Parts are often cleaned using solvents such as trichioroethylene, trichioroethane, or methylene chloride. Many of these cleaners are listed in California Toxic Rule as priority pollutants. These materials are harmful and must not contaminate stormwater. They must be disposed of as a hazardous waste. Reducing the number of solvents makes recycling easier and reduces hazardous waste management costs. Often, one solvent can perform a job as well as two different solvents. Also, if possible, eliminate or reduce the amount of hazardous materials and waste by substituting non-hazardous or less hazardous materials. For example, replace chlorinated organic solvents with non-chlorinated solvents. Non-chlorinated solvents like kerosene or mineral spirits are less toxic and less expensive to dispose of properly. Check the list of active ingredients to see whether it contains chlorinated solvents. The "chior" term indicates that the solvent is chlorinated. Also, try substituting a wire brush for solvents to clean parts. Recycling and Disposal Separating wastes allows for easier recycling and may reduce disposal costs. Keep hazardous wastes separate, do not mix used oil solvents, and keep chlorinated solvents (like,- trichioroethane) separate from non-chlorinated solvents (like kerosene and mineral spirits). Promptly transfer used fluids to the proper waste or recycling drums. Don't leave full drip pans or other open containers lying around. Provide cover and secondary containment until these materials can be removed from the site. Oil filters can be recycled. Ask your oil supplier or recyc1er about recycling oil filters. Do not dispose of extra paints and coatings by dumping liquid onto the ground or throwing it into dumpsters. Allow coatings to dry or harden before disposal into covered dumpsters. Store cracked batteries in a non-leaking secondary container. Do this with all cracked batteries, even if you think all the acid has drained out. if you drop a battery, treat it as if it is cracked. Put it into the containment area until you are sure it is not leaking. Costs All of the above are low cost measures. Higher costs are incurred to setup and maintain onsite maintenance areas. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Vehicle & Equipment Maintenance NS-10 Inspection and Maintenance Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are under way, inspect BMPs in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharges daily while non-stormwater discharges occur. Keep ample supplies of spill cleanup materials onsite. Maintain waste fluid containers in leak proof condition. a Vehicles and equipment should be inspected on each day of use. Leaks should be repaired immediately or the problem vehicle(s) or equipment should be removed from the project site. Inspect equipment for damaged hoses and leaky gaskets routinely. Repair or replace as needed. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995. Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Program; Program Development and Approval Guidance, Working Group, Working Paper; USEPA, April 1992. Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Concrete Curing NS-12 Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WIVI Waste Management and 63 Materials Pollution Control Legend: E Primary Category IJ Secondary Category Description and Purpose Concrete curing is used in the construction of structures such as bridges, retaining walls, pump houses, large slabs, and structured foundations. Concrete curing includes the use of both chemical and water methods. Concrete and its associated curing materials have basic chemical properties that can raise the pH of water to levels outside of the permitted range. Discharges of stormwater and non-stormwater exposed to concrete during curing may have a high pH and may contain chemicals, metals, and fines. The General Permit incorporates Numeric Action Levels (NAL) for pH (see Section 2 of this handbook to determine your project's risk level and if you are subject to these requirements). Proper procedures and care should be taken when managing concrete curing materials to prevent them from coming into contact with stormwater flows, which could result in a high pH discharge. Suitable Applications Suitable applications include all projects where Portland Cement Concrete (PCC) and concrete curing chemicals are placed where they can be exposed to rainfall, runoff from other areas, or where runoff from the PCC will leave the site. Limitations Runoff contact with concrete waste can raise pH levels in the water to environmentally harmful levels and trigger permit violations. Targeted Constituents Sediment II Nutrients Trash Metals El Bacteria Oil and Grease El Organics Potential Alternatives None If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASQA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. U*NLtSrO1MWAfl1 QIJAt Ii July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 1 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Concrete Curing NS-12 Implementation Chemical Curing Avoid over spray of curing compounds. Minimize the drift by applying the curing compound close to the concrete surface. Apply an amount of compound that covers the surface, but does not allow any runoff of the compound. Use proper storage and handling techniques for concrete curing compounds. Refer to 'NM- 1, Material Delivery and Storage. Protect drain inlets prior to the application of curing compounds. Refer to WM-4, Spill Prevention and Control. Water Curingfor Bridge Decks, Retaining Walls, and other Structures Direct cure water away from inlets and watercourses to collection areas for evaporation or other means of removal in accordance with all applicable permits. See WM-8 Concrete Waste Management. Collect cure water at the top of slopes and transport to a concrete waste management area in a non-erosive manner. See EC-9 Earth Dikes and Drainage Swales, EC-1o, Velocity Dissipation Devices, and EC-ii, Slope Drains. Utilize wet blankets or a similar method that maintains moisture while minimizing the use and possible discharge of water. Education Educate employees, subcontractors, and suppliers on proper concrete curing techniques to prevent contact with discharge as described herein. I Arrange for the QSP or the appropriately trained contractor's superintendent or representative to oversee and enforce concrete curing procedures. Costs All of the above measures are generally low cost. Inspection and Maintenance Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharges daily while non-stormwater discharges occur. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Concrete Curing NS-12 Sample non-stormwater discharges and stormwater runoff that contacts uncured and partially cured concrete as required by the General Permit. Ensure that employees and subcontractors implement appropriate measures for storage, handling, and use of curing compounds. Inspect cure containers and spraying equipment for leaks. References Blue Print for a Clean Bay-Construction-Related Industries: Best Management Practices for Stormwater Pollution Prevention; Santa Clara Valley Non Point Source Pollution Control Program, 1992. Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities, Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practices, EPA 832-R-92005; IJSEPA, April 1992. Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, February 2005. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Concrete Finishing NS-13 Description and Purpose Concrete finishing methods are used for bridge deck rehabilitation, paint removal, curing compound removal, and final surface finish appearances. Methods include sand blasting, shot blasting, grinding, or high pressure water blasting. Stormwater and non-stormwater exposed to concrete finishing by-products may have a high pH and may contain chemicals, metals, and fines. Proper procedures and implementation of appropriate BMPs can minimize the impact that concrete-finishing methods may have on stormwater and non-stormwater discharges. The General Permit incorporates Numeric Action Levels (NAL) for pH (see Section 2 of this handbook to determine your project's risk level and if you are subject to these requirements). Concrete and its associated curing materials have basic chemical properties that can raise pH levels outside of the permitted range. Additional care should be taken when managing these materials to prevent them from coming into contact with stormwater flows, which could lead to exceedances of the General Permit requirements. Suitable Applications These procedures apply to all construction locations where concrete finishing operations are performed. Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control IC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Matenals Pollution Control Legend: FJ Primary Category lJ Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics El Potential Alternatives - None If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASQA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAUIOENIA STORM WATtI UI LLI 1 V A.{n:I u ut' July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 1 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Concrete Finishing NS-13 Limitations Runoff contact with concrete waste can raise pH levels in the water to environmentally harmful levels and trigger permit violations. Implementation Collect and properly dispose of water from high-pressure water blasting operations. Collect contaminated water from blasting operations at the top of slopes. Transport or dispose of contaminated water while using BMPs such as those for erosion control. Refer to EC-9, Earth Dikes and Drainage Swales, EC-lo, Velocity Dissipation Devices, and EC-u, Slope Drains. Direct water from blasting operations away from inlets and watercourses to collection areas for infiltration or other means of removal (dewatering). Refer to NS-2 Dewatering Operations. Protect inlets during sandblasting operations. Refer to SE-jo, Storm Drain Inlet Protection. a Refer to WM-8, Concrete Waste Management for disposal of concrete debris. Minimize the drift of dust and blast material as much as possible by keeping the blasting nozzle close to the surface. When blast residue contains a potentially hazardous waste, refer to WM-6, Hazardous Waste Management. Education Educate employees, subcontractors, and suppliers on proper concrete finishing techniques to prevent contact with discharge as described herein. Arrange for the QSP or the appropriately trained contractor's superintendent or representative to oversee and enforce concrete finishing procedures. Costs These measures are generally of low cost. Inspection and Maintenance a Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharges daily while non-stormwater discharges occur. Sample non-stormwater discharges and stormwater runoff that contacts concrete dust and debris as required by the General Permit. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Concrete Finishing NS-13 Sweep or vacuum up debris from sandblasting at the end of each shift At the end of each work shift, remove and contain liquid and solid waste from containment structures, if any, and from the general work area. Inspect containment structures for damage prior to use and prior to onset of forecasted rain. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995. Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities, Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practices, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook - 3 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Paving and Grinding Operations NS-3 Description and Purpose Prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants from paving operations, using measures to prevent runon and runoff pollution, properly disposing of wastes, and training employees and subcontractors. The General Permit incorporates Numeric Action Levels (NAL) for pH and turbidity (see Section 2 of this handbook to determine your project's risk level and if you are subject to these requirements). Many types of construction materials associated with paving and grinding operations, including mortar, concrete, and cement and their associated wastes have basic chemical properties that can raise pH levels outside of the permitted range. Additional care should be taken when managing these materials to prevent them from coming into contact with stormwater flows, which wuld lead to exceedances of the General Permit requirements. Suitable Applications These procedures are implemented where paving, surfacing, resurfacing, or sawcutting, may pollute stormwater runoff or discharge to the storm drain system or watercourses. Limitations . Paving opportunities may be limited during wet weather. Discharges of freshly paved surfaces may raise pH to environmentally harmful levels and trigger permit Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WIVI Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: Primary Category IE) Secondary Category Targeted Constituents - Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives - None If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASQA name/logo and Iboter below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. violations. CAUIWN1A SYOMMWMt QUAL11$ OJAICJt* July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 1 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Paving and Grinding Operations NS-3 Implementation General Avoid paving during the wet season when feasible. Reschedule paving and grinding activities if rain is forecasted. Train employees and sub-contractors in pollution prevention and reduction. Store materials away from drainage courses to prevent stormwater runon (see WM-i, Material Delivery and Storage). Protect drainage courses, particularly in areas with a grade, by employing BMPs to divert runoff or to trap and filter sediment. Stockpile material removed from roadways away from drain inlets, drainage ditches, and watercourses. These materials should be stored consistent with WM-3, Stockpile Management. i Disposal of FCC (Portland cement concrete) and AC (asphalt concrete) waste should be in conformance with WM-8, Concrete Waste Management. Saw Cutting, Grinding, and Pavement Removal Shovel or vacuum saw-cut slurry and remove from site. Cover or barricade storm drains during saw cutting to contain slurry. When paving involves AC, the following steps should be implemented to prevent the discharge of grinding residue, uncompacted or loose AC, tack coats, equipment cleaners, or unrelated paving materials: - AC grindings, pieces, or chunks used in embankments or shoulder backing should not be allowed to enter any storm drains or watercourses. Install inlet protection and perimeter controls until area is stabilized (i.e. cutting, grinding or other removal activities are complete and loose material has been properly removed and disposed oOor permanent controls are in place. Examples of temporary perimeter controls can be found in EC-9, Earth Dikes and Drainage Swales; SE-1, Silt Fence; SE-5, Fiber Rolls, or SE-13 Compost Socks and Berms - Collect and remove all broken asphalt and recycle when practical. Old or spilled asphalt should be recycled or disposed of properly. Do not allow saw-cut slurry to enter storm drains or watercourses. Residue from grinding operations should be picked up by a vacuum attachment to the grinding machine, or by sweeping, should not be allowed to flow across the pavement, and should not be left on the surface of the pavement. See also WM-8, Concrete Waste Management, and WM-io, Liquid Waste Management. Pavement removal activities should not be conducted in the rain. Collect removed pavement material by mechanical or manual methods. This material may be recycled for use as shoulder backing or base material. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Paving and Grinding Operations NS-3 If removed pavement material cannot be recycled, transport the material back to an approved storage site. Asphaltic Concrete Paving . If paving involves asphaltic cement concrete, follow these steps: Do not allow sand or gravel placed over new asphalt to wash into storm drains, streets, or creeks. Vacuum or sweep loose sand and gravel and properly dispose of this waste by referring to WM-5, Solid Waste Management. - Old asphalt should be disposed of properly. Collect and remove all broken asphalt from the site and recycle whenever possible. Portland Cement Concrete Paving Do not wash sweepings from exposed aggregate concrete into a storm drain system. Collect waste materials by dry methods, such as sweeping or shoveling, and return to aggregate base stockpile or dispose of properly. Allow aggregate rinse to settle. Then, either allow rinse water to dry in a temporary pit as described in WM-8, Concrete Waste Management, or pump the water to the sanitary sewer if authorized by the local wastewater authority. Sealing Operations a During chip seal application and sweeping operations, petroleum or petroleum covered aggregate should not be allowed to enter any storm drain or water courses. Apply temporary perimeter controls until structure is stabilized (i.e. all sealing operations are complete and cured and loose materials have been properly removed and disposed). Inlet protection (SE-b, Storm Drain Inlet Protection) should be used during application of seal coat, tack coat, slurry seal, and fog seal. Seal coat, tack coat, slurry seal, or fog seal should not be applied if rainfall is predicted to occur during the application or curing period. Paving Equipment Leaks and spills from paving equipment can contain toxic levels of heavy metals and oil and grease. Place drip pans or absorbent materials under paving equipment when not in use. Clean up spills with absorbent materials and dispose of in accordance with the applicable regulations. See NS-io, Vehicle and Equipment Maintenance, WM-4, Spill Prevention and Control, and WM-io, Liquid Waste Management. Substances used to coat asphalt transport trucks and asphalt spreading equipment should not contain soap and should be non-foaming and non-toxic. Paving equipment parked onsite should be parked over plastic to prevent soil contamination. Clean asphalt coated equipment offsite whenever possible. When cleaning dry, hardened asphalt from equipment, manage hardened asphalt debris as described in WM-5, Solid Waste Management. Any cleaning onsite should follow NS-8, Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Paving and Grinding Operations NS-3 Thermoplastic Striping Thermoplastic striper and pre-heater equipment shutoff valves should be inspected to ensure that they are working properly to prevent leaking thermoplastic from entering drain inlets, the stormwater drainage system, or watercourses. Pre-heaters should be filled carefully to prevent splashing or spilling of hot thermoplastic. Leave six inches of space at the top of the pre-heater container when filling thermoplastic to allow room for material to move. Do not pre-heat, transfer, or load thermoplastic near drain inlets or watercourses. Clean truck beds daily of loose debris and melted thermoplastic. When possible, recycle thermoplastic material. Raised/Recessed Pavement Marker Application and Removal Do not transfer or load bituminous material near drain inlets, the stormwater drainage system, or watercourses. Melting tanks should be loaded with care and not filled to beyond six inches from the top to leave room for splashing. When servicing or filling melting tanks, ensure all pressure is released before removing lids to avoid spills. On large-scale projects, use mechanical or manual methods to collect excess bituminous material from the roadway after removal of markers. Costs All of the above are low cost measures. Inspection and Maintenance Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of paving and grinding operations. BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. Sample stormwater runoff required by the General Permit. Keep ample supplies of drip pans or absorbent materials onsite. Inspect and maintain machinery regularly to minimize leaks and drips. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Paving and Grinding Operations NS-3 Hot Mix Asphalt-Paving Handbook AC 150/5370-14, Appendix I, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, July 1991. Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, February 2005. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 5 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org I Potable Water/ Irrigation NS-7 Categories EC Erosion Control - SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater .66 Management Control Wit Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: I Primary Objective II Secondary Objective Description and Purpose Potable Water/Irrigation consists of practices and procedures to manage the discharge of potential pollutants generated during discharges from irrigation water lines, landscape irrigation, lawn or garden watering, planned and unplanned discharges from potable water sources, water line flushing, and hydrant flushing. Suitable Applications Implement this BMP whenever potable water or irrigation water discharges occur at or enter a construction site. Limitations None identified. Implementation Direct water from offsite sources around or through a construction site, where feasible, in a way that minimizes contact with the construction site. Discharges from water line flushing should be reused for landscaping purposes where feasible. Shut off the water source to broken lines, sprinklers, or valves as soon as possible to prevent excess water flow. Protect downstream stormwater drainage systems and watercourses from water pumped or bailed from trenches excavated to repair water lines. Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics IEI Potential Alternatives None If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASQA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CALIrORNiAsmnMw,.,tR I•IAjI :.i4ln:: ]anuary 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 1 of 2 Construction www.casqa.org Potable Water/ Irrigation NS-7 Inspect irrigated areas within the construction limits for excess watering. Adjust watering times and schedules to ensure that the appropriate amount of water is being used and to minimize runoff. Consider factors such as soil structure, grade, time of year, and type of plant material in determining the proper amounts of water for a specific area. Costs Cost to manage potable water and irrigation are low and generally considered to be a normal part of related activities. Inspection and Maintenance Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are under way, inspect BMPs in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events.. Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharges daily while non-stormwater discharges occur. Repair broken water lines as soon as possible. a Inspect irrigated areas regularly for signs of erosion and/or discharge. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995. Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities, Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practices, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 2 Construction www.casqa.org Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning NS-8 HICLEf VE WASH IlT4L AREA 'H - ..: I ' Sum .• 1i; . T , :1 Description and Purpose Vehicle and equipment cleaning procedures and practices eliminate or reduce the discharge of pollutants to stormwater from vehicle and equipment cleaning operations. Procedures and practices include but are not limited to: using offsite facilities; washing in designated, contained areas only; eliminating discharges to the storm drain by infiltrating the wash water; and training employees and subcontractors in proper cleaning procedures. Suitable Applications These procedures are suitable on all construction sites where vehicle and equipment cleaning is performed. Limitations Even phosphate-free, biodegradable soaps have been shown to be toxic to fish before the soap degrades. Sending vehicles/equipment offsite should be done in conjunction with TC-i, Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit. Implementation Other options to washing equipment onsite include contracting with either an offsite or mobile commercial washing business. These businesses may be better equipped to handle and dispose of the wash waters properly. Performing this work offsite can also be economical by eliminating the need for a separate washing operation onsite. If washing operations are to take place onsite, then: Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control IC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control Ama Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: Primary Objective Ll Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment El Nutrients El Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease El Organics El Potential Alternatives None If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASQA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. cAuronNiA STORM WATER OI! ri .ccpr..lc,p January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 1 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning NS-8 In Use phosphate-free, biodegradable soaps. Educate employees and subcontractors on pollution prevention measures. Do not permit steam cleaning onsite. Steam cleaning can generate significant pollutant concentrates. Cleaning of vehicles and equipment with soap, solvents or steam should not occur on the project site unless resulting wastes are fully contained and disposed of. Resulting wastes should not be discharged or buried, and must be captured and recycled or disposed according to the requirements of WM-io, Liquid Waste Management or WM-6, Hazardous Waste Management, depending on the waste characteristics. Minimize use of solvents. Use of diesel for vehicle and equipment cleaning is prohibited. All vehicles and equipment that regularly enter and leave the construction site must be cleaned offsite. When vehicle and equipment washing and cleaning must occur onsite,. and the operation cannot be located within a structure or building equipped with appropriate disposal facilities, the outside cleaning area should have the following characteristics: - Located away from storm drain inlets, drainage facilities, or watercourses - Paved with concrete or asphalt and bermed to contain wash waters and to prevent runon and runoff - Configured with a sump to allow collection and disposal of wash water - No discharge of wash waters to storm drains or watercourses - Used only when necessary When cleaning vehicles and equipment with water: - Use as little water as possible. High-pressure sprayers may use less water than a hose and should be considered - Use positive shutoff valve to minimize water usage - Facility wash racks should discharge to a sanitary sewer, recycle system or other approved discharge system and must not discharge to the storm drainage system, watercourses, or to groundwater Costs Cleaning vehicles and equipment at an offsite facility may reduce overall costs for vehicle and equipment cleaning by eliminating the need to provide similar services onsite. When onsite cleaning is needed, the cost to establish appropriate facilities is relatively low on larger, long- duration projects, and moderate to high on small, short-duration projects. )anuary 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning NS-8 Inspection and Maintenance Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are under way, inspect BMPs in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharges daily while non-stormwater discharges occur. Inspection and maintenance is minimal, although some berm repair may be necessary. Monitor employees and subcontractors throughout the duration of the construction project to ensure appropriate practices are being implemented. Inspect sump regularly and remove liquids and sediment as needed. Prohibit employees and subcontractors from washing personal vehicles and equipment on the construction site. References Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Swisher, R.D. Surfactant Biodegradation, Marcel Decker Corporation, 1987. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP handbook 3 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: I Primary Objective II Secondary Objective Vehicle and Equipment Fueling NS-9 Description and Purpose Vehicle equipment fueling procedures and practices are designed to prevent fuel spills and leaks, and reduce or eliminate contamination of stormwater. This can be accomplished by using offsite facilities, fueling in designated areas only, enclosing or covering stored fuel, implementing spill controls, and training employees and subcontractors in proper fueling procedures. Suitable Applications These procedures are suitable on all construction sites where vehicle and equipment fueling takes place. Limitations Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease El Organics Potential Alternatives None Onsite vehicle and equipment fueling should only be used where it is impractical to send vehicles and equipment offsite If User/Subscriber modifies this fact for fueling. Sending vehicles and equipment offsite should be sheet in any way, the CASQA done in conjunction with TC-i, Stabilized construction nameilogr) and footer below must be Entrance/ Exit. removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. Implementation Use offsite fueling stations as much as possible. These businesses are better equipped to handle fuel and spills properly. Performing this work offsite can also be economical by eliminating the need for a separate fueling area at a site. Discourage "topping-off' of fuel tanks. CAUFOR'flA SIOILMWAUIR It January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook -- 1. of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Vehicle and Equipment Fueling NS-9 i Absorbent spill cleanup materials and spill kits should be available in fueling areas and on fueling trucks, and should be disposed of properly after use. Drip pans or absorbent pads should be used during vehicle and equipment fueling, unless the fueling is performed over an impermeable surface in a dedicated fueling area. Use absorbent materials on small spills. Do not hose down or bury the spill. Remove the adsorbent materials promptly and dispose of properly. Avoid mobile fueling of mobile construction equipment around the site; rather, transport the equipment to designated fueling areas. With the exception of tracked equipment such as bulldozers and large excavators, most vehicles should be able to travel to a designated area with little lost time. Train employees and subcontractors in proper fueling and cleanup procedures. When fueling must take place onsite. designate an area away from drainage courses to be used. Fueling areas should be identified in the SWPPP. Dedicated fueling areas should be protected from stormwater runon and runoff, and should be located at least 50 ft away from downstream drainage facilities and watercourses. Fueling must be performed on level-grade areas. Protect fueling areas with berms and dikes to prevent runon, runoff, and to contain spills. Nozzles used in vehicle and equipment fueling should be equipped with an automatic shutoff to control drips. Fueling operations should not be left unattended. Use vapor recovery nozzles to help control drips as well as air pollution where required by Air Quality Management Districts (AQMD). Federal, state, and local requirements should be observed for any stationary above ground storage tanks. Costs All of the above measures are low cost except for the capital costs of above ground tanks that meet all local environmental, zoning, and fire codes. Inspection and Maintenance Inspect BMPs in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. Vehicles and equipment should be inspected each day of use for leaks. Leaks should be repaired immediately or problem vehicles or equipment should be removed from the project site. Keep ample supplies of spill cleanup materials onsite. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Vehicle and Equipment Fueling NS-9 i Immediately clean up spills and properly dispose of contaminated soil and cleanup materials. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995. Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Program: Program Development and Approval Guidance, Working Group Working Paper; USEPA, April 1992. Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Stormwater Management for construction Activities, Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practices, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Silt Fence Description and Purpose A silt fence is made of a woven geotexti1e that has been entrenched, attached to supporting poles, and sometimes backed by a plastic or wire mesh for support. The silt fence detains water, promoting sedimentation of coarse sediment behind the fence. Silt fence does not retain soil fine particles like clays or silts. Suitable Applications Silt fences are suitable for perimeter control, placed below areas where sheet flows discharge from the site. They could also be used as interior controls below disturbed areas where runoff may occur in the form of sheet and nil erosion and around inlets within disturbed areas (SE-b). Silt fences should not be used in locations where the flow is concentrated. Silt fences should always be used in combination with erosion controls. Suitable applications include: At perimeter of a project. is Below the toe or down slope of exposed and erodible slopes. Along streams and channels. Around temporary spoil areas and stockpiles. Around inlets. Below other small cleared areas. SE-1 Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: I Primary Category IEI Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment (coarse sediment) 21 Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives - SE-5 Fiber Rolls SE-6 Gravel Bag Berm SE-1 2 Manufactured Linear Sediment Controls SE-13 Compost Socks and Berms SE-14 Biofliter Bans If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASQA nameflogo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAUIORtIA 5ORMWATtR QUA I F' 1411i0 July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal 1 of 9 Construction www.casqa.org Silt Fence SE-1 Limitations Do not use in streams, channels, drain inlets, or anywhere flow is concentrated. Do not use in locations where ponded water may cause a flooding hazard. Do not use silt fence to divert water flows or place across any contour line. Improperly installed fences are subject to failure from undercutting, overtopping, or collapsing. Must be trenched and keyed in. Not intended for use as a substitute for Fiber Rolls (SE-5), when fiber rolls are being used as a slope interruption device. • Do not use on slopes subject to creeping, slumping, or landslides. Implementation General A silt fence is a temporary sediment barrier consisting of woven geotextile stretched across and attached to supporting posts, trenched-in, and, depending upon the strength of fabric used, supported with plastic or wire mesh fence. Silt fences trap coarse sediment by intercepting and detaining sediment-laden runoff from disturbed areas in order to promote sedimentation behind the fence. The following layout and installation guidance can improve performance and should be followed: Silt fence should be used in combination with erosion controls up-slope in order to provide the most effective sediment control. Silt fence alone is not effective at reducing turbidity. (Barrett and Malina, 2004) a Designers should consider diverting sediment laden water to a temporary sediment basin or trap. (EPA, 2012) a Use principally in areas where sheet flow occurs. Install along a level contour, so water does not pond more than 1.5 ft at any point along the silt fence. Provide sufficient room for runoff to pond behind the fence and to allow sediment removal equipment to pass between the silt fence and toes of slopes or other obstructions. About 1200 ft2 of ponding area should be provided for every acre draining to the fence. Efficiency of silt fences is primarily dependent on the detention time of the runoff behind the control. (Barrett and Malina, 2004) The drainage area above any fence should not exceed a quarter of an acre. (Rule of Thumb- ioo-feet of silt fence per 10,000 square feet of disturbed area.) (EPA 2012) July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal - 2 of 9 Construction www.casqa.org Silt Fence SE-1 The maximum length of slope draining to any point along the silt fence should be 100 ft per foot of silt fence. Turn the ends of the filter fence uphill to prevent stormwater from flowing around the fence. Leave an undisturbed or stabilized area immediately down slope from the fence where feasible. Silt fences should remain in place until the disturbed area draining to the silt fence is permanently stabilized, after which, the silt fence fabric and posts should be removed and properly disposed. J-Hooks, which have ends turning up the slope to break up long runs offence and provide multiple storage areas that work like mini-retention areas, may be used to increase the effectiveness of silt fence. Be aware of local regulations regarding the type and installation requirements of silt fence, which may differ from those presented in this fact sheet. Design and Layout In areas where high winds are anticipated the fence should be supported by a plastic or wire mesh. The geotextile fabric of the silt fence should contain ultraviolet inhibitors and stabilizers to provide longevity equivalent to the project life or replacement schedule. Layout in accordance with the attached figures. For slopes that contain a high number of rocks or large dirt clods that tend to dislodge, it may be necessary to protect silt fence from rocks (e.g., rockfall netting) ensure the integrity of the silt fence installation. Standard vs. Heavy Duty Silt Fence Standard Silt Fence Generally applicable in cases where the area draining to fence produces moderate sediment loads. Heavy Duty Silt Fence Heavy duty silt fence usually has 1 or more of the following characteristics, not possessed by standard silt fence. Fabric is reinforced with wire backing or additional support. Posts are spaced closer than pre-manufactured, standard silt fence products. Use is generally limited to areas affected by high winds. a Area draining to fence produces moderate sediment loads. Materials Standard Silt Fence Silt fence material should be woven geotextile with a minimum width of 36 in. The fabric should conform to the requirements in ASTM designation D6461. Wooden stakes should be commercial quality lumber of the size and shape shown on the plans. Each stake should be free from decay, splits or cracks longer than the July 2012 - California Stàrmwater BMP Handbook Portal 3 of 9 Construction www.casqa.org Silt Fence SE-1 thickness of the stake or other defects that would weaken the stakes and cause the stakes to be structurally unsuitable. i Staples used to fasten the fence fabric to the stakes should be not less than 1.75 in. long and should be fabricated from 15 gauge or heavier wire. The wire used to fasten the tops of the stakes together when joining two sections of fence should be 9 gauge or heavier wire. Galvanizing of the fastening wire will not be required. Heavy-Duty Silt Fence Some silt fence has a wire backing to provide additional support, and there are products that may use prefabricated plastic holders for the silt fence and use metal posts instead of wood stakes. Installation Guidelines - Traditional Method Silt fences are to be constructed on a level contour. Sufficient area should exist behind the fence for ponding to occur without flooding or overtopping the fence. a A trench should be excavated approximately 6 in. wide and 6 in. deep along the line of the proposed silt fence (trenches should not be excavated wider or deeper than necessary for proper silt fence installation). Bottom of the silt fence should be keyed-in a minimum of 12 in. Posts should be spaced a maximum of 6 ft apart and driven securely into the ground a minimum of 18 in. or 12 in. below the bottom of the trench. a When standard strength geotextile is used, a plastic or wire mesh support fence should be fastened securely to the upsiope side of posts using heavy—duty wire staples at least 1 in. long. The mesh should extend into the trench. When extra-strength geotextile and closer post spacing are used, the mesh support fence maybe eliminated. Woven geotextile should be purchased in a long roll, then cut to the length of the barrier. When joints are necessary, geotextile should be spliced together only at a support post, with a minimum 6 in. overlap and both ends securely fastened to the post. The trench should be backfllled with native material and compacted. Construct the length of each reach so that the change in base elevation along the-reach does not exceed 1/3 the height of the barrier; in no case should the reach exceed 500 ft. Cross barriers should be a minimum of 1/3 and a maximum of 1/2 the height of the linear barrier. See typical installation details at the end of this fact sheet. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal 4 of 9 Construction www.casqa.org Silt Fence SE-1 Installation Guidelines - Static Slicing Method Static Slicing is defined as insertion of a narrow blade pulled behind a tractor, similar to a plow blade, at least 10 inches into the soil while at the same time pulling silt geotextile fabric into the ground through the opening created by the blade to the depth of the blade. Once the geotextile is installed, the soil is compacted using tractor tires. This method will not work with pre-fabricated, wire backed silt fence. Benefits: Ease of installation (most often done with a 2 person crew). Minimal soil disturbance. Better level of compaction along fence, less susceptible to undercutting Uniform installation. Limitations: Does not work in shallow or rocky soils. Complete removal of geotextile material after use is difficult. Be cautious when digging near potential underground utilities. Costs It should be noted that costs vary greatly across regions due to available supplies and labor costs. Average annual cost for installation using the traditional silt fence installation method (assumes 6 month useful life) is $7 per linear foot based on vendor research. Range of cost is $3.50 - $9.10 per linear foot. Inspection and Maintenance BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. Repair undercut silt fences. Repair or replace split, torn, slumping, or weathered fabric. The lifespan of silt fence fabric is generally 5 to 8 months. Silt fences that are damaged and become unsuitable for the intended purpose should be removed from the site of work, disposed, and replaced with new silt fence barriers. Sediment that accumulates in the BMP should be periodically removed in order to maintain BMP effectiveness. Sediment should be removed when the sediment accumulation reaches 1/3 of the barrier height. Silt fences should be left in place until the upgradient area is permanently stabilized. Until then, the silt fence should be inspected and maintained regularly. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal 5 of 9 Construction www.casqa.org Silt Fence SE-1 a Remove silt fence when upgradient areas are stabilized. Fill and compact post holes and anchor trench, remove sediment accumulation, grade fence alignment to blend with adjacent ground, and stabilize disturbed area. References Manual of Standards of Erosion and Sediment Control Measures, Association of Bay Area Governments, May 1995. Monitoring Data on Effectiveness of Sediment Control Techniques, Proceedings of World Water and Environmental Resources Congress, Barrett M. and Malina J. 2004. National Management Measures to Control Nonpoint Source Pollution from Urban Areas, United States Environmental Protection Agency, 2002. Proposed Guidance Specifying Management Measures for Sources of Nonpoint Pollution in Coastal Waters, Work Group-Working Paper, USEPA, April 1992. Sedimentation and Erosion Control Practices, and Inventory of Current Practices (Draft), USEPA, 1990. Southeastern Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission (SWRPC). Costs of Urban Nonpoint Source Water Pollution Control Measures. Technical Report No. 31. Southeastern Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission, Waukesha, WI. 1991. Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Stormwater Management Manual for The Puget Sound Basin, Washington State Department of Ecology, Public Review Draft, 1991. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Stormwater Best Management Practices: Silt Fences. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Washington, DC, 2012. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Stormwater Management for Industrial Activities: Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practices. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Washington, DC, 1992. Water Quality Management Plan for the Lake Tahoe Region, Volume II, Handbook of Management Practices, Tahoe Regional Planning Agency, November 1988. Soil Stabilization BMP Research for Erosion and Sediment Controls: Cost Survey Technical Memorandum, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), July 2007. Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, February 2005. ]uly 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal 6 of 9 Construction www.casqa.org III Silt Fence SE-1 2 §. -4 gaoIs H d1 ()I , C I Ix WI July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal 7 of 9 Construction www.casqa.org U N u -- '' z I • I IL ã Uj edcIS Ln Silt Fence SE-1 ml, -J 4 I-LU 0 0 LU U 4 U U. 0 Ut July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal 8 of 9 Construction www.casqa.org Silt Fence SE-1 SWPPP preparer to specify length of J—hook based on anticipated sediment load ç\o Continuous Fence Fabric 1.. 200' Max. Place post adjacent and bind at top with wire Plan J-HOOK July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal 9 of 9 Construction www.casqa.org Storm Drain Inlet Protection SE-10 Description and Purpose Storm drain inlet protection consists of a sediment filter or an impounding area in, around or upstream of a storm drain, drop inlet, or curb inlet. Storm drain inlet protection measures temporarily pond runoff before it enters the storm drain, allowing sediment to settle. Some filter configurations also remove sediment by filtering, but usually the ponding action results in the greatest sediment reduction. Temporary geotextile storm drain inserts attach underneath storm drain grates to capture and filter storm water. Suitable Applications Every storm drain inlet receiving runoff from unstabilized or otherwise active work areas should be protected. Inlet protection should be used in conjunction with other erosion and sediment controls to prevent sediment-laden stormwater and non-stormwater discharges from entering the storm drain system. Limitations u Drainage area should not exceed 1 acre. In general straw bales should not be used as inlet protection. Requires an adequate area for water to pond without encroaching into portions of the roadway subject to traffic. Sediment removal may be inadequate to prevent sediment discharges in high flow conditions or if runoff is heavily sediment laden. If high flow conditions are expected, use Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control El IC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: El Primary Category 11 Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment El Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives SE-11 Silt Fence SE-5 Fiber Rolls SE-6 Gravel Bag Berm SE-8 Sandbag Barrier SE-14 Biodlter Bags SE-13 Compost Socks and Berms If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASQAI nameflogo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAUFORNIA STOPIMWATt I A I July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 1 of 10 Construction www.casqa.org Storm Drain Inlet Protection SE-10 other onsite sediment trapping techniques in conjunction with inlet protection. Frequent maintenance is required. Limit drainage area to 1 acre maximum. For drainage areas larger than 1 acre, runoff should be routed to a sediment-trapping device designed for larger flows. See BMPs SE-2, Sediment Basin, and SE-3, Sediment Traps. Excavated drop inlet sediment traps are appropriate where relatively heavy flows are expected, and overflow capability is needed. Implementation General Inlet control measures presented in this handbook should not be used for inlets draining more than one acre. Runoff from larger disturbed areas should be first routed through SE-2, Sediment Basin or SE-3, Sediment Trap and/or used in conjunction with other drainage control, erosion control, and sediment control BMPs to protect the site. Different types of inlet protection are appropriate for different applications depending on site conditions and the type of inlet. Alternative methods are available in addition to the methods described/shown herein such as prefabricated inlet insert devices, or gutter protection devices. Design and Layout Identify existing and planned storm drain inlets that have the potential to receive sediment- laden surface runoff. Determine if storm drain inlet protection is needed and which method to use. The key to successful and safe use of storm drain inlet protection devices is to know where runoff that is directed toward the inlet to be protected will pond or be diverted as a result of installing the protection device. Determine the acceptable location and extent of ponding in the vicinity of the drain inlet. The acceptable location and extent of ponding will influence the type and design of the storm drain inlet protection device. Determine the extent of potential runoff diversion caused by the storm drain inlet protection device. Runoff ponded by inlet protection devices may flow around the device and towards the next downstream inlet. In some cases, this is acceptable; in other cases, serious erosion or downstream property damage can be caused by these diversions. The possibility of runoff diversions will influence whether or not storm drain inlet protection is suitable; and, if suitable, the type and design of the device. The location and extent of ponding, and the extent of diversion, can usually be controlled through appropriate placement of the inlet protection device. In some cases, moving the inlet protection device a short distance upstream of the actual inlet can provide more efficient sediment control, limit ponding to desired areas, and prevent or control diversions. Seven types of inlet protection are presented below. However, it is recognized that other effective methods and proprietary devices exist and may be selected. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 10 Construction www.casqa.org Storm Drain Inlet Protection SE-10 Silt Fence: Appropriate for drainage basins with less than a 5% slope, sheet flows, and flows under 0.5 cfs. - Excavated Drop Inlet Sediment Trap: An excavated area around the inlet to trap sediment (SE-3). - Gravel bag barrier: Used to create a small sediment trap upstream of inlets on sloped, paved streets. Appropriate for sheet flow or when concentrated flow may exceed 0.5 cfs, and where overtopping is required to prevent flooding. - Block and Gravel Filter: Appropriate for flows greater than 0.5 cfs. - Temporary Geotextile Storm drain Inserts: Different products provide different features. Refer to manufacturer details for targeted pollutants and additional features. - Biofilter Bag Barrier: Used to create a small retention area upstream of inlets and can be located on pavement or soil. Biofilter bags slowly filter runoff allowing sediment to settle out. Appropriate for flows under 0.5 cfs. - Compost Socks: Allow filtered run-off to pass through the compost while retaining sediment and potentially other pollutants (SE-13). Appropriate for flows under 1.0 cfs. Select the appropriate type of inlet protection and design as referred to or as described in this fact sheet. Provide area around the inlet for water to pond without flooding structures and property. Grates and spaces around all inlets should be sealed to prevent seepage of sediment-laden water. a Excavate sediment sumps (where needed) 1 to 2 ft with :i side slopes around the inlet. Installation DI Protection Type i - Silt Fence - Similar to constructing a silt fence; see BMP SE-1, Silt Fence. Do not place fabric underneath the inlet grate since the collected sediment may fall into the drain inlet when the fabric is removed or replaced and water flow through the grate will be blocked resulting in flooding. See typical Type 1 installation details at the end of this fact sheet. Excavate a trench approximately 6 in. wide and 6 in. deep along the line of the silt fence inlet protection device. Place 2 in. by 2 in. wooden stakes around the perimeter of the inlet a maximum of 3 ft apart and drive them at least 18 in. into the ground or 12 in. below the bottom of the trench. The stakes should be at least 48 in. Lay fabric along bottom of trench, up side of trench, and then up stakes. See SE-i, Silt Fence, for details. The maximum silt fence height around the inlet is 24 in. Staple the filter fabric (for materials and specifications, see SE-1, Silt Fence) to wooden stakes. Use heavy-duty wire staples at least un. in length. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 10 Construction www.casqa.org Storm Drain Inlet Protection SE-10 5. Backfill the trench with gravel or compacted earth all the way around. DI Protection Type 2- Excavated Drop Inlet Sediment Trap -Install filter fabric fence in accordance with DI Protection Type i. Size excavated trap to provide a minimum storage capacity calculated at the rate 67 yd3/acre of drainage area. See typical Type 2 installation details at the end of this fact sheet. . DI Protection Type 3- Gravel bag - Flow from a severe storm should not overtop the curb. In areas of high clay and silts, use filter fabric and gravel as additional filter media. Construct gravel bags in accordance with SE-6, Gravel Bag Berm. Gravel bags should be used due to their high permeability. See typical Type 3 installation details at the end of this fact sheet. i. Construct on gently sloping street Leave room upstream of barrier for water to pond and sediment to settle. Place several layers of gravel bags - overlapping the bags and packing them tightly together. Leave gap of one bag on the top row to serve as a spillway. Flow from a severe storm (e.g., 10 year storm) should not overtop the curb. DI Protection Type 4— Block and Gravel Filter -Block and gravel filters are suitable for curb inlets commonly used in residential, commercial, and industrial construction. See typical Type 4 installation details at the end of this fact sheet. Place hardware cloth or comparable wire mesh with 0.5 in. openings over the drop inlet so that the wire extends a minimum of 1 ft beyond each side of the inlet structure. If more than one strip is necessary, overlap the strips. Place woven geotextile over the wire mesh. Place concrete blocks lengthwise on their sides in a single row around the perimeter of the inlet, so that the open ends face outward, not upward. The ends of adjacent blocks should abut. The height of the barrier can be varied, depending on design needs, by stacking combinations of blocks that are 4 in., 8 in., and 12 in. wide. The row of blocks should be at least 12 in. but no greater than 24 in. high. Place wire mesh over the outside vertical face (open end) of the concrete blocks to prevent stone from being washed through the blocks. Use hardware cloth or comparable wire mesh with 0.5 in. opening. Pile washed stone against the wire mesh to the top of the blocks. Use 0.75 to 3m. DI Protection Type 5— Temporary Geotextile Insert (proprietary) - Many types of temporary inserts are available. Most inserts fit underneath the grate of a drop inlet or inside of a curb inlet and are fastened to the outside of the grate or curb. These inserts are removable and many can be cleaned and reused. Installation of these inserts differs between manufacturers. Please refer to manufacturer instruction for installation of proprietary devices. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 10 Construction www.casqa.org Storm Drain Inlet Protection SE-10 DI Protection Type 6 - Biofilter bags - Biofilter bags may be used as a substitute for gravel bags in low-flow situations. Biofilter bags should conform to specifications detailed in SE-14, Biofilter bags. Construct in a gently sloping area. Biofilter bags should be placed around inlets to intercept runoff flows. All bag joints should overlap by 6 in. Leave room upstream for water to pond and for sediment to settle out. Stake bags to the ground as described in the following detail. Stakes may be omitted if bags are placed on a paved surface. DI Protection Type 7— Compost Socks - A compost sock can be assembled on site by filling a mesh sock (e.g., with a pneumatic blower). Compost socks do not require special trenching compared to other sediment control methods (e.g., silt fence). Compost socks should conform to specification detailed in SE-13, Compost Socks and Berms. Costs i Average annual cost for installation and maintenance of DI 1),pe 1-4 and 6 (one year useful life) is $200 per inlet. Temporary geotextile inserts are proprietary and cost varies by region. These inserts can often be reused and may have greater than 1 year of use if maintained and kept undamaged. Average cost per insert ranges from $50-75 plus installation, but costs can exceed $ioo. This cost does not include maintenance. . See SE-13 for Compost Sock cost information. Inspection and Maintenance a BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. Silt Fences. If the fabric becomes clogged, torn, or degrades, it should be replaced. Make sure the stakes are securely driven in the ground and are in good shape (i.e., not bent, cracked, or splintered, and are reasonably perpendicular to the ground). Replace damaged stakes. At a minimum, remove the sediment behind the fabric fence when accumulation reaches one-third the height of the fence or barrier height. Gravel Filters. If the gravel becomes clogged with sediment, it should be carefully removed from the inlet and either cleaned or replaced. Since cleaning gravel at a construction site may be difficult, consider using the sediment-laden stone as fill material and put fresh stone around the inlet. Inspect bags for holes, gashes, and snags, and replace bags as needed. Check gravel bags for proper arrangement and displacement. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 5 of 10 Construction www.casqa.org I Storm Drain Inlet Protection SE-10 Sediment that accumulates in the BMP should be periodically removed in order to maintain BMP effectiveness. Sediment should be removed when the sediment accumulation reaches one-third of the barrier height. Inspect and maintain temporary geotextile insert devices according to manufacturer's specifications. a Remove storm drain inlet protection once the drainage area is stabilized. - Clean and regrade area around the inlet and clean the inside of the storm drain inlet, as it should be free of sediment and debris at the time of final inspection. References Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Stormwater Management Manual for The Puget Sound Basin, Washington State Department of Ecology, Public Review Draft, 1991. Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, February 2005. July 2012 - - California Stormwater BMP Handbook 6 of 10 Construction www.casqa.org Storm Drain Inlet Protection SE-10 It Ferce per SL-01 SECTION A-A 6" Mm overlap at ends of silt fence Drain inlet VA -ago- Sheet flow Less than 1 acre -A Geotextile Blanket Silt Fence per SE-01 PLAN DI PROTECTION TYPE 1 NOT TO SCALE NOTES: For use in areas where grading has been completed and final soil sabilizatior and seeding are pending. Not applicable in paved areas. Not applicable with concentrated flows. July 2012 CalifornIa Stormwater BMP Handbook 7 of 10 Construction www.casqa.org =I Storm Drain Inlet Protection SE-10 ,—Stabilize area and / crode uniformly / around perimeter /Geotextile / Blanket - - 1:1_slape 3in ç_-..-.--- J.— - I Drain inlet I i Ncte: Remcve sediment befcre reaching one—third full. Section A—A It fence Per SE-01 12' Min 2111 Ma Concentrated flow Rock filter(use if flow is concentrated) VA Sheet flow ,—Edge of sediment trap _---Drain inlet A A Ceotextile Blanket L ---------------------Silt fence Per SE-01 Y I L______ ------------- Of I L-..-_________ -/ X. x Plan co Dl PROTECTION TYPE 2 NOT TO SCALE Notes For use in cleared and grubbed and in graded areas. Shape basin so that longest inflow area faces longest length of trap. For concentrated flows, shape basin in 2:1 ratio with length oriented towards direction of flow. June 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 8 of 10 Construction www.casqa.org Storm Drain Inlet Protection SE 10 Eqe cfPovemert -.---1— Flow \ - Gravel baqs 2-bags high pillwoy, 1-bog high TYPICAL PROTECTION FO1 sN.LEj ON SUMP Edge of Povement inlet Flow ~ I,-- - Mma Flow \Gravelbaqs Spillwoy, 1-bog high - I 2-bogs high TYPICAL PRO1EC1]ON FOR INLET ON GRADE NOTES 1 intended for shDrt-term use 2 Use to inhibit non- storm water how 3 Allow for proper mainlCnonce ond cleanup 4 Bogs must be removed •aftr odjcent operation is completed 5 Not applicable in oreas with high silts and cloys without fitter fabric 6. Protection can be effective even if it is not immediately adjacent to the inlet provided that the inlet is protected from potential sources of pollution. DI PROTECTION TYPE 3 NOT TO SCALE June 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 9 of 10 Construction www.casqa.org - Concrete block laid 1 lengthwise on sides © perimeter of opening '—Hardware cloth or wire mesh Storm Drain Inlet Protection SE-10 Runoff with sediment Overfiaw Filtered water I III JVV_JI wire mesh Curb inlet Dl PROTECTION TYPE 4 NOT TO SCALE June 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 10 of 10 Construction www.casqa.org Fiber Rolls SE-5 Description and Purpose A fiber roll consists of straw, coir, or other biodegradable materials bound into a tight tubular roll wrapped by netting, which can be photodegradable or natural. Additionally, gravel core fiber rolls are available, which contain an imbedded ballast material such as gravel or sand for additional weight when staking the rolls are not feasible (such as use as inlet protection). When fiber rolls are placed at the toe and on the face of slopes along the contours, they intercept runoff, reduce its flow velocity, release the runoff as sheet flow, and provide removal of sediment from the runoff (through sedimentation). By interrupting the length of a slope, fiber rolls can also reduce sheet and nil erosion until vegetation is established. Suitable Applications Fiber rolls may be suitable: Along the toe, top, face, and at grade breaks of exposed and erodible slopes to shorten slope length and spread runoff as sheet flow. At the end of a downward slope where it transitions to a steeper slope. Along the perimeter of a project. As check dams in unlined ditches with minimal grade. Down-slope of exposed soil areas. At operational storm drains as a form of inlet protection. Categories EC Erosion Control 1I SE Sediment Control tI TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WlYl Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: El Primary Category II Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment El Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives SE-11 Silt Fence SE-6 Gravel Bag Berm SE-8 Sandbag Barrier SE-12 Manufactured Linear Sediment Controls SE-14 Biofilter Bags If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASQA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. I C&UFORNIASTORMWATER I4AI I1'i A('.IAII!J' July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal 1 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Fiber Rolls SE-5 Around temporary stockpiles. Limitations Fiber rolls are not effective unless trenched in and staked. Not intended for use in high flow situations. Difficult to move once saturated. If not properly staked and trenched in, fiber rolls could be transported by high flows. Fiber rolls have a very limited sediment capture zone. Fiber rolls should not be used on slopes subject to creep, slumping, or landslide. Rolls typically function for 12-24 months depending upon local conditions. Implementation Fiber Roll Materials Fiber rolls should be prefabricated. Fiber rolls may come manufactured containing polyacrylamide (PAM), a flocculating agent within the roll. Fiber rolls impregnated with PAM provide additional sediment removal capabilities and should be used in areas with fine, clayey or silty soils to provide additional sediment removal capabilities. Monitoring may be required for these installations. Fiber rolls are made from weed free rice straw, flax, or a similar agricultural material bound into a tight tubular roll by netting. Typical fiber rolls vary in diameter from 9 in. to 20 in. Larger diameter rolls are available as well. Installation Locate fiber rolls on level contours spaced as follows: - Slope inclination of 4:1 (H:V) or flatter: Fiber rolls should be placed at a maximum interval of 20 ft. - Slope inclination between 43 and 2:1 (H:V): Fiber Rolls should be placed at a maximum interval of 15 ft. (a closer spacing is more effective). - Slope inclination :i (H:V) or greater: Fiber Rolls should be placed at a maximum interval of 10 ft. (a closer spacing is more effective). Prepare the slope before beginning installation. Dig small trenches across the slope on the contour. The trench depth should be ¼ to 1/3 of the thickness of the roll, and the width should equal the roll diameter, in order to provide area to backfill the trench. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal 2 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Fiber Rolls SE-5 It is critical that rolls are installed perpendicular to water movement, and parallel to the slope contour. Start building trenches and installing rolls from the bottom of the slope and work up. It is recommended that pilot holes be driven through the fiber roll. Use a straight bar to drive holes through the roll and into the soil for the wooden stakes. Turn the ends of the fiber roll up slope to prevent runoff from going around the roll. Stake fiber rolls into the trench. - Drive stakes at the end of each fiber roll and spaced 4 ft maximum on center. - Use wood stakes with a nominal classification of 0.75 by 0.75 in. and minimum length of 24 in. If more than one fiber roll is placed in a row, the rolls should be overlapped, not abutted. See typical fiber roll installation details at the end of this fact sheet. Removal Fiber rolls can be left in place or removed depending on the type of fiber roll and application (temporary vs. permanent installation). Typically, fiber rolls encased with plastic netting are used for a temporary application because the netting does not biodegrade. Fiber rolls used in a permanent application are typically encased with a biodegradeable material and are left in place. Removal of a fiber roll used in a permanent application can result in greater disturbance. Temporary installations should only be removed when up gradient areas are stabilized per General Permit requirements, and/or pollutant sources no longer present a hazard. But, they should also be removed before vegetation becomes too mature so that the removal process does not disturb more soil and vegetation than is necessary. Costs Material costs for regular fiber rolls range from $20 - $30 per 25 ft roll. Material costs for PAM impregnated fiber rolls range between 7.00-$ 9.00 per linear foot, based upon vendor research. Inspection and Maintenance BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. it is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. Repair or replace split, torn, unraveling, or slumping fiber rolls. If the fiber roll is used as a sediment capture device, or as an erosion control device to maintain sheet flows, sediment that accumulates in the BMP should be periodically removed July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal 3 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Fiber Rolls SE-5 in order to maintain BMP effectiveness. Sediment should be removed when sediment accumulation reaches one-third the designated sediment storage depth. If fiber rolls are used for erosion control, such as in a check dam, sediment removal should not be required as long as the system continues to control the grade. Sediment control BMPs will likely be required in conjunction with this type of application. . Repair any rills or gullies promptly. References Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, February 2005. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal 4 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Fiber Rolls SE-5 T 41 it -i ol Vr U': ci iru 01 rriensored Ie — —, varies jtwu , irstaii a fiber 'ul npa, 10' arJ 20' where it trantion5 into a sleeDel dope -TYPICAL FIBER POLL INTLLATON W - Fibar rç,ii — " rriir V •; N, %V i I n11%, - &4 ir—"4 ,: 3/4 wood sLes mm. 4 poCiriO E'1FOHMEI' DL'A 141 . July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal 5 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Categories EC Erosion Control IEI SE Sediment Control El IC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Matenais Pollution Control Legend: 1 Primary Category lI Secondary Category Gravel Bag Berm SE-6 Description and Purpose A gravel bag berm is a series of gravel-filled bags placed on a level contour to intercept sheet flows. Gravel bags pond sheet flow runoff, allowing sediment to settle out, and release runoff slowly as sheet flow, preventing erosion. Suitable Applications Gravel bag berms may be suitable: As a linear sediment control measure: - Below the toe of slopes and erodible slopes - As sediment traps at culvert/pipe outlets - Below other small cleared areas - Along the perimeter of a site - Down slope of exposed soil areas - Around temporary stockpiles and spoil areas - Parallel to a roadway to keep sediment off paved areas - Along streams and channels As a linear erosion control measure: - Along the face and at grade breaks of exposed and erodible slopes to shorten slope length and spread runoff as sheet flow. Targeted Constituents Sediment El Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives - SE-1 Silt Fence SE-5 Fiber Roil SE-8 Sandbag Barrier SE-12 Temporary Silt Dike SE-14 Biofilter Bags If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASQA nameflogo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CALLtORNM SIORMWA1tR qtt III IA1ItI\' May 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal 1 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Gravel Bag Berm SE-6 - At the top of slopes to divert runoff away from disturbed slopes. - As chevrons (small check dams) across mildly sloped construction roads. For use check dam use in channels, see SE-4, Check Dams. Limitations Gravel berms may be difficult to remove. Removal problems limit their usefulness in landscaped areas. Gravel bag berm may not be appropriate for drainage areas greater than 5 acres. Runoff will pond upstream of the berm, possibly causing flooding if sufficient space does not exist. Degraded gravel bags may rupture when removed, spilling contents. Installation can be labor intensive. Durability of gravel bags is somewhat limited and bags may need to be replaced when installation is required for longer than 6 months. Easily damaged by construction equipment. When used to detain concentrated flows, maintenance requirements increase. Implementation General A gravel bag berm consists of a row of open graded gravel-filled bags placed on a level contour. When appropriately placed, a gravel bag berm intercepts and slows sheet flow runoff, causing temporary ponding. The temporary ponding allows sediment to settle. The open graded gravel in the bags is porous, which allows the ponded runoff to flow slowly through the bags, releasing the runoff as sheet flows. Gravel bag berms also interrupt the slope length and thereby reduce erosion by reducing the tendency of sheet flows to concentrate into rivulets, which erode rills, and ultimately gullies, into disturbed, sloped soils. Gravel bag berms are similar to sand bag barriers, but are more porous. Generally, gravel bag berms should be used in conjunction with temporary soil stabilization controls up slope to provide effective erosion and sediment control. Design and Layout Locate gravel bag berms on level contours. • When used for slope interruption, the following slope/sheet flow length combinations apply: - Slope inclination of :i (H:V) or flatter: Gravel bags should be placed at a maximum interval of 20 ft, with the first row near the slope toe. - Slope inclination between :i and 2:1 (H:V): Gravel bags should be placed at a maximum interval of 15 ft. (a closer spacing is more effective), with the first row near the slope toe. May 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal 2 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Gravel Bag Berm SE-6 Slope inclination :i (H:V) or greater: Gravel bags should be placed at a maximum interval of 10 ft. (a closer spacing is more effective), with the first row near the slope toe. Turn the ends of the gravel bag barriers up slope to prevent runoff from going around the berm. Allow sufficient space up slope from the gravel bag berm to allow ponding, and to provide room for sediment storage. For installation near the toe of the slope, gravel bag barriers should be set back from the slope toe to facilitate cleaning. Where specific site conditions do not allow for a set-back, the gravel bag barrier may be constructed on the toe of the slope. To prevent flows behind the barrier, bags can be placed perpendicular to a berm to serve as cross barriers. Drainage area should not exceed 5 acres. In Non-Traffic Areas: - Height =18 in. maximum - Top width =24 in. minimum for three or more layer construction - Top width =12 in. minimum for one or two layer construction - Side slopes = 2:1 (H:V) or flatter In Construction Traffic Areas: - Height =12 in. maximum - Top width = v in. minimum for three or more layer construction. - Top width =12 in. minimum for one or two layer construction. - Side slopes = 2:1 (H:V) or flatter. Butt ends of bags tightly. On multiple row, or multiple layer construction, overlap butt joints of adjacent row and row beneath. Use a pyramid approach when stacking bags. Materials Bag Material: Bags should be woven polypropylene, polyethylene or polyamide fabric or burlap, minimum unit weight of 4 ounces/yd2, Mullen burst strength exceeding 300 lb/in2 jl conformance with the requirements in ASTM designation D3786, and ultraviolet stability exceeding 70% in conformance with the requirements in ASTM designation D4355. May 2011 California Stormwater6MP Handbook Portal 3 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Gravel Bag Berm SE-6 a Bag Size: Each gravel-filled bag should have a length of 18 in., width of 12 in., thickness of 3 in., and mass of approximately 33 lbs. Bag dimensions are nominal, and may vary based on locally available materials. a Fill Material: Fill material should be 0.5 to 1 in. crushed rock, clean and free from clay, organic matter, and other deleterious material, or other suitable open graded, non-cohesive, porous gravel. Costs Material costs for gravel bags are average and are dependent upon material availability. $2.50- 3.00 per filled gravel bag is standard based upon vendor research. Inspection and Maintenance BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of ram events. Gravel bags exposed to sunlight will need to be replaced every two to three months due to degrading of the bags. Reshape or replace gravel bags as needed. Repair washouts or other damage as needed. Sediment that accumulates in the BMP should be periodically removed in order to maintain BMP effectiveness. Sediment should be removed when the sediment accumulation reaches one-third of the barrier height. a Remove gravel bag berms when no longer needed and recycle gravel fill whenever possible and properly dispose of bag material. Remove sediment accumulation and dean, re-grade, and stabilize the area. References Handbook of Steel Drainage and Highway Construction, American Iron and Steel Institute, 1983. Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Stormwater Pollution Plan Handbook, First Edition, State of California, Department of Transportation Division of New Technology, Materials and Research, October 1992. Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, February 2005. May 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal 4 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Street Sweeping and Vacuuming SE-7 Description and Purpose Street sweeping and vacuuming includes use of self-propelled and walk-behind equipment to remove sediment from streets and roadways, and to clean paved surfaces in preparation for final paving. Sweeping and vacuuming prevents sediment from the project site from entering storm drains or receiving waters. Suitable Applications Sweeping and vacuuming are suitable anywhere sediment is tracked from the project site onto public or private paved streets and roads, typically at points of egress. Sweeping and vacuuming are also applicable during preparation of paved surfaces for final paving. Limitations Sweeping and vacuuming may not be effective when sediment is wet or when tracked soil is caked (caked soil may need to be scraped loose). Implementation Controlling the number of points where vehicles can leave the site will allow sweeping and vacuuming efforts to be focused, and perhaps save money. Inspect potential sediment tracking locations daily. a Visible sediment tracking should be swept or vacuumed on a daily basis. Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control lI TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend Primary Objective IJ Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives None If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASQA nameflogo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. QUAP ITY 4cnr11,110 January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 1 of 2 Construction www.casqa.org Street Sweeping and Vacuuming SE-7 Do not use kick brooms or sweeper attachments. These tend to spread the dirt rather than remove it. if not mixed with debris or trash, consider incorporating the removed sediment back into the project Costs Rental rates for self-propelled sweepers vary depending on hopper size and duration of rental. Expect rental rates from $58/hour (3 yd3 hopper) to $88/hour (9 yd3 hopper), plus operator costs. Hourly production rates vary with the amount of area to be swept and amount of sediment. Match the hopper size to the area and expect sediment load to minimize time spent dumping. Inspection and Maintenance Inspect BMPs in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. When actively in use, points of ingress and egress must be inspected daily. When tracked or spilled sediment is observed outside the construction limits, it must be removed at least daily. More frequent removal, even continuous removal, may be required in some jurisdictions. Be careful not to sweep up any unknown substance or any object that may be potentially hazardous. Adjust brooms frequently; maximize efficiency of sweeping operations. After sweeping is finished, properly dispose of sweeper wastes at an approved dumpsite. References Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November woo. Labor Surcharge and Equipment Rental Rates, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), April 1, 2002 - March 31, 2003. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 2 Construction www.casqa.org Categories EC Erosion Control 11 SE Sediment Control II TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WIVI Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: II Primary Objective IJ Secondary Objective Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit TC-1 Description and Purpose A stabilized construction access is defined by a point of entrance/exit to a construction site that is stabilized to reduce the tracking of mud and dirt onto public roads by construction vehicles. Suitable Applications Use at construction sites: Where dirt or mud can be tracked onto public roads. Adjacent to water bodies. a Where poor soils are encountered. Where dust is a problem during dry weather conditions. Limitations Entrances and exits require periodic top dressing with additional stones. This BMP should be used in conjunction with street sweeping on adjacent public right of way. Entrances and exits should be constructed on level ground only. a Stabilized construction entrances are rather expensive to construct and when a wash rack is included, a sediment trap of some kind must also be provided to collect wash water runoff. Targeted Constituents Sediment El Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives None If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASQA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CALifORNIA SORMWMt OI,AII A'M)CIA1U) July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 1 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org Stabilized Construction Entrance! Exit IC-i Implementation General A stabilized construction entrance is a pad of aggregate underlain with filter cloth located at any point where traffic will be entering or leaving a construction site to or from a public right of way, street, alley, sidewalk, or parking area. The purpose of a stabilized construction entrance is to reduce or eliminate the tracking of sediment onto public rights of way or streets. Reducing tracking of sediments and other pollutants onto paved roads helps prevent deposition of sediments into local storm drains and production of airborne dust. Where traffic will be entering or leaving the construction site, a stabilized construction entrance should be used. NPDES permits require that appropriate measures be implemented to prevent tracking of sediments onto paved roadways, where a significant source of sediments is derived from mud and dirt carried out from unpaved roads and construction sites. Stabilized construction entrances are moderately effective in removing sediment from equipment leaving a construction site. The entrance should be built on level ground. Advantages of the Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit is that it does remove some sediment from equipment and serves to channel construction traffic in and out of the site at specified locations. Efficiency is greatly increased when a washing rack is included as part of a stabilized construction entrance/exit. Design and Layout Construct on level ground where possible. Select 3 to 6 in. diameter stones. Use minimum depth of stones of 12 in. or as recommended by soils engineer. i Construct length of 50 ft or maximum site will allow, and 10 ft minimum width or to accommodate traffic. a Rumble racks constructed of steel panels with ridges and installed in the stabilized entrance/exit will help remove additional sediment and to keep adjacent streets dean. Provide ample turning radii as part of the entrance. Limit the points of entrance/exit to the construction site. Limit speed of vehicles to control dust. Properly grade each construction entrance/exit to prevent runoff from leaving the construction site. Route runoff from stabilized entrances/exits through a sediment trapping device before discharge. Design stabilized entrance/exit to support heaviest vehicles and equipment that will use it. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit TC-1 Select construction access stabilization (aggregate, asphaltic concrete, concrete) based on longevity, required performance, and site conditions. Do not use asphalt concrete (AC) grindings for stabilized construction access/roadway. If aggregate is selected, place crushed aggregate over geotextile fabric to at least 12 in. depth, or place aggregate to a depth recommended by a geotechnical engineer. A crushed aggregate greater than 3 in. but smaller than 6 in. should be used. Designate combination or single purpose entrances and exits to the construction site. Require that all employees, subcontractors, and suppliers utilize the stabilized construction access. • Implement SE-7, Street Sweeping and Vacuuming, as needed. . All exit locations intended to be used for more than a two-week period should have stabilized construction entrance/exit BMPs. Inspection and Maintenance Inspect and verify that activity—based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. While activities associated with the BMPs are under way, inspect BMPs in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. Inspect local roads adjacent to the site daily. Sweep or vacuum to remove visible accumulated sediment. Remove aggregate, separate and dispose of sediment if construction entrance/exit is clogged with sediment. Keep all temporary roadway ditches clear. Check for damage and repair as needed. Replace gravel material when surface voids are visible. Remove all sediment deposited on paved roadways within 24 hours. Remove gravel and filter fabric at completion of construction Costs Average annual cost for installation and maintenance may vary from $1,200 to $4,800 each, averaging $2,400 per entrance. Costs will increase with addition of washing rack, and sediment trap. With wash rack, costs range from $1,200 - $6,000 each, averaging $3,600 per entrance. References Manual of Standards of Erosion and Sediment Control Measures, Association of Bay Area Governments, May 1995. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit TC-1 National Management Measures to Control Nonpoint Source Pollution from Urban Areas, USEPA Agency, 2002. Proposed Guidance Specifying Management Measures for Sources of Nonpoint Pollution in Coastal Waters, Work Group Working Paper, USEPA, April 1992. Stormwater Quality Handbooks Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Stormwater Management of the Puget Sound Basin, Technical Manual, Publication #91-75, Washington State Department of Ecology, February 1992. Virginia Erosion and Sedimentation Control Handbook, Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Soil and Water Conservation, 1991. Guidance Specifying Management Measures for Nonpoint Pollution in Coastal Waters, EPA 840-B-9-002, USEPA, Office of Water, Washington, DC, 1993. Water Quality Management Plan for the Lake Tahoe Region, Volume II, Handbook of Management Practices, Tahoe Regional Planning Agency, November 1988. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org Stabilized Construction Entrance! Exit TC- 1 Crushed aggregate greater than 3 but smaller than 6 4erfobri Zo~ Orij Original rqde 12 ' Mm, unless otherwise specified by a soils engineer SECTION B-B NTS NOTE: Construct sediment barrier and channelize runoff to sediment trapping device -F1 ' min or I as required to I occomodote IIs ticipated affic, whichever greater (I) length should be extended to the largest construction vehicle Match (2) On smD sites length should be the nxinjm allowed by site. Existing Grade PLAN ins- 3uly 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 5 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit TC-1 Crushed aggregate greater than 3" but smaller than 6". Filter abrlc y 12N Mm, unless otherwise specified by a soils engineer Crushed aggregate greater than 3" but smaller than 6". Corrugated steel panels Original grqde 12" Mm, unless otherwise specified by a soils engineer Filter fabric NOTE: Construct sediment barrier and channellze runoff to sediment trapping device h~hhh' .1 Sediment trapping device / , 7Corrug steel panels T10' mtn or I as required to I accomodate I anticipated I traffic, whichever ,j Js greater. 50' Typical (])length should be extended to I2tiniesthe diameter of the largest oonstrwion vehicle tire. Match (2) On smll sites length should be the nnximtin allowed by site. Existing PLAN Grade Nf July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 6 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org Entrance/Outlet Tire Wash Description and Purpose A tire wash is an area located at stabilized construction access points to remove sediment from tires and under carriages and to prevent sediment from being transported onto public roadways. Suitable Applications Tire washes may be used on construction sites where dirt and mud tracking onto public roads by construction vehicles may occur. Limitations a The tire wash requires a supply of wash water. A turnout or doublewide exit is required to avoid having entering vehicles drive through the wash area. Do not use where wet tire trucks leaving the site leave the road dangerously slick. Implementation a Incorporate with a stabilized construction entrance/exit. See TC-i, Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit. Construct on level ground when possible, on a pad of coarse aggregate greater than 3 in. but smaller than 6 in. A geotextile fabric should be placed below the aggregate. Wash rack should be designed and constructed/manufactured for anticipated traffic loads. TC-3 Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control lI IC Tracking Control 21 WE Wind Erosion Control P45 Non-Stomiwater Management Control Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: 21 Primary Objective IEI Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment 21 Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives IC-I Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CAS(Y name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAUIOINIA STOXMWAThR QUA II1 M(XI/iIION January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 1 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Entrance/Outlet Tire Wash TC-3 i Provide a drainage ditch that will convey the runoff from the wash area to a sediment trapping device. The drainage ditch should be of sufficient grade, width, and depth to carry the wash runoff. Use hoses with automatic shutoff nozzles to prevent hoses from being left on. Require that all employees, subcontractors, and others that leave the site with mud caked tires and undercarriages to use the wash facility. Implement SC-7, Street Sweeping and Vacuuming, as needed. Costs Costs are low for installation of wash rack. Inspection and Maintenance Inspect and verify that activity—based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP arc under way, inspect BMPs in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharge daily while non-stormwater discharges occur. Remove accumulated sediment in wash rack and/or sediment trap to maintain system performance. Inspect routinely for damage and repair as needed. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995. Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Program; Program Development and Approval Guidance, Working Group, Working Paper; USEPA, April 1992. Manual of Standards of Erosion and Sediment Control Measures, Association of Bay Area Governments, May 1995. Stormwater Quality Handbooks Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities, Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practices, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP handbook 2 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Entrance/Outlet Tire Wash TC-3 Ciuhed oggic.9ote creater thon 3" but smaller thor, 6". ,,,,.- Cci rugoted steel paiels ro ic in al grade 12" Mm, unless otherwise - specified by o soils engineer Filter fabric SECTION A —A NOT TO SCALE Crushed oggrgote grentRr thnn .3" but smaller than 6" 1—Filter fabric I Original r\rcaro...r,. I arade 12" Mm, unless otherwise specified by a soils engineer SECTION B—B NTS Ditch to carry runoff - L o a sediment trapping device NOTE: 7 Many designs can be field fabricated, or fabricated units may be used. Water supply supply & hose TYPICAL TIRE WASH NOT TO SCALE - January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Wind Erosion Control Description and Purpose Wind erosion or dust control consists of applying water or other chemical dust suppressants as necessary to prevent or alleviate dust nuisance generated by construction activities. Covering small stockpiles or areas is an alternative to applying water or other dust palliatives. California's Mediterranean climate, with a short "wet" season and a typically long, hot "dry" season, allows the soils to thoroughly dry out. During the dry season, construction activities are at their peak, and disturbed and exposed areas are increasingly subject to wind erosion, sediment tracking and dust generated by construction equipment. Site conditions and climate can make dust control more of an erosion problem than water based erosion. Additionally, many local agencies, including Air Quality Management Districts, require dust control and/or dust control permits in order to comply with local nuisance laws, opacity laws (visibility impairment) and the requirements of the Clean Air Act. Wind erosion control is required to be implemented at all construction sites greater than 1 acre by the General Permit. Suitable Applications Most BMPs that provide protection against water-based erosion will also protect against wind-based erosion and dust control requirements required by other agencies will generally meet wind erosion control requirements for water quality protection. Wind erosion control BMPs are suitable during the following construction activities: WE-1 Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control lJ NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Matenals Pollution Control Legend: II Primary Category ll Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutdents Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives EC-5 Soil Binders If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASQA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAUIOkNIA STORM WAiTS QLJM.J % May 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 1 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Wind Erosion Control WE-1 Construction vehicle traffic on unpaved roads Drilling and blasting activities Soils and debris storage piles Batch drop from front-end loaders Areas with unstabilized soil Final grading/site stabilization Limitations Watering prevents dust only for a short period (generally less than a few hours) and should be applied daily (or more often) to be effective. Over watering may cause erosion and track-out. Oil or oil-treated subgrade should not be used for dust control because the oil may migrate into drainageways and/or seep into the soil. Chemical dust suppression agents may have potential environmental impacts. Selected chemical dust control agents should be environmentally benign. Effectiveness of controls depends on soil, temperature, humidity, wind velocity and traffic. Chemical dust suppression agents should not be used within ioo feet of wetlands or water bodies. Chemically treated subgrades may make the soil water repellant, interfering with long-term infiltration and the vegetation/re-vegetation of the site. Some chemical dust suppressants may be subject to freezing and may contain solvents and should be handled properly. In compacted areas, watering and other liquid dust control measures may wash sediment or other constituents into the drainage system. If the soil surface has minimal natural moisture, the affected area may need to be pre-wetted so that chemical dust control agents can uniformly penetrate the soil surface. Implementation Dust Control Practices Dust control BMPs generally stabilize exposed surfaces and minimize activities that suspend or track dust particles. The following table presents dust control practices that can be applied to varying site conditions that could potentially cause dust. For heavily traveled and disturbed areas, wet suppression (watering), chemical dust suppression, gravel asphalt surfacing, temporary gravel construction entrances, equipment wash-out areas, and haul truck covers can be employed as dust control applications. Permanent or temporary vegetation and mulching can be employed for areas of occasional or no construction traffic. Preventive measures include minimizing surface areas to be disturbed, limiting onsite vehicle traffic to 15 mph or less, and controlling the number and activity of vehicles on a site at any given time. May 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 5 Construction www.casqe.org Wind Erosion Control WE-1 Chemical dust suppressants include: mulch and fiber based dust palliatives (e.g. paper mulch with gypsum binder), salts and brines (e.g. calcium chloride, magnesium chloride), non- petroleum based organics (e.g. vegetable oil, lignosulfonate), petroleum based organics (e.g. asphalt emulsion, dust oils, petroleum resins), synthetic polymers (e.g. polyvinyl acetate, vinyls, acrylic), clay additives (e.g. bentonite, montimorillonite) and electrochemical products (e.g. enzymes, ionic products). Dust Control Practices - Wet Supp1on Chemical Dust Gi vei or TernpoIr Gr*vel s3lIthellc Mininize Extent of 'Y Vegetation (Watering) Suppression Asphalt Entrances/Equipment WuabDown Covers Disturbed Ares .- DIstã4in 'Meuirit. ,.SubJctto X X x x X !Ari, x x X X 1SdUCttó X x x x x X X X X X .7flfficon X X X X x Additional preventive measures include: Schedule construction activities to minimize exposed area (see EC-1, Scheduling). Quickly treat exposed soils using water, mulching, chemical dust suppressants, or stone/gravel layering. Identify and stabilize key access points prior to commencement of construction. a Minimize the impact of dust by anticipating the direction of prevailing winds. Restrict construction traffic to stabilized roadways within the project site, as practicable. Water should be applied by means of pressure-type distributors or pipelines equipped with a spray system or hoses and nozzles that will ensure even distribution. a All distribution equipment should be equipped with a positive means of shutoff. Unless water is applied by means of pipelines, at least one mobile unit should be available at all times to apply water or dust palliative to the project. If reclaimed waste water is used, the sources and discharge must meet California Department of Health Services water reclamation criteria and the Regional Water Quality May 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Wind Erosion Control WE-1 Control Board (RWQCB) requirements. Non-potable water should not be conveyed in tanks or drain pipes that will be used to convey potable water and there should be no connection between potable and non-potable supplies. Non-potable tanks, pipes, and other conveyances should be marked, "NON-POTABLE WATER - DO NOT DRINK." Pave or chemically stabilize access points where unpaved traffic surfaces adjoin paved roads. Provide covers for haul trucks transporting materials that contribute to dust. Provide for rapid clean up of sediments deposited on paved roads. Furnish stabilized construction road entrances and wheel wash areas. Stabilize inactive areas of construction sites using temporary vegetation or chemical stabilization methods. For chemical stabilization, there are many products available for chemically stabilizing gravel roadways and stockpiles. If chemical stabilization is used, the chemicals should not create any adverse effects on stormwater, plant life, or groundwater and should meet all applicable regulatory requirements. Costs Installation costs for water and chemical dust suppression vary based on the method used and the length of effectiveness. Annual costs may be high since some of these measures are effective for only a few hours to a few days. Inspection and Maintenance Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. Check areas protected to ensure coverage. Most water-based dust control measures require frequent application, often daily or even multiple times per day. Obtain vendor or independent information on longevity of chemical dust suppressants. References Best Management Practices and Erosion Control Manual for Construction Sites, Flood Control District of Maricopa County, Arizona, September 1992. California Air Pollution Control Laws, California Air Resources Board, updated annually. Construction Manual, Chapter 4, Section 10, "Dust Control"; Section 17, "Watering"; and Section 18, "Dust Palliative", California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), July 2001. May 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Wind Erosion Control WE-1 Prospects for Attaining the State Ambient Air Quality Standards for Suspended Particulate Matter (PMio), Visibility Reducing Particles, Sulfates, Lead, and Hydrogen Sulfide, California Air Resources Board, April 1991. Stormwater Quality Handbooks Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. May 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 5 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Material Delivery and Storage WM-1 Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control IC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: Primary Category Secondary Category Description and Purpose Targeted Constituents Prevent, reduce, or eliminate the discharge of pollutants from Sediment El material delivery and storage to the stormwater system or Nutrients El watercourses by minimizing the storage of hazardous materials Trash El onsite, storing materials in watertight containers and/or a Metals El completely enclosed designated area, installing secondary Bacteria containment, conducting regular inspections, and training Oil and Grease El employees and subcontractors. Organics IZI This best management practice covers only material delivery and storage. For other information on materials, see WM-2, Potential Alternatives - Material Use, or MU-4, Spill Prevention and Control. For information on wastes, see the waste management BMPs in this None section. Suitable Applications These procedures are suitable for use at all construction sites with delivery and storage of the following materials: i Soil stabilizers and binders . Pesticides and herbicides . Fertilizers Detergents If UserlSubscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASQA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. Plaster Petroleum products such as fuel, oil, and grease CALifORNIA STORM WA1U 0L. 411 fly I..fltI ;ii&';. November 2009 California 5tormwater BMP Handbook 1 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Material Delivery and Storage WM-1 Asphalt and concrete components Hazardous chemicals such as acids, lime, glues, adhesives, paints, solvents, and curing compounds Concrete compounds Other materials that maybe detrimental if released to the environment Limitations Space limitation may preclude indoor storage. Storage sheds often must meet building and fire code requirements. Implementation The following steps should be taken to minimize risk: Chemicals must be stored in water tight containers with appropriate secondary containment or in a storage shed. When a material storage area is located on bare soil, the area should be lined and bermed. Use containment pallets or other practical and available solutions, such as storing materials within newly constructed buildings or garages, to meet material storage requirements. Stack erodible landscape material on pallets and cover when not in use. Contain all fertilizers and other landscape materials when not in use. Temporary storage areas should be located away from vehicular traffic. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) should be available on-site for all materials stored that have the potential to effect water quality. Construction site areas should be designated for material delivery and storage. Material delivery and storage areas should be located away from waterways, if possible. - Avoid transport near drainage paths or waterways. - Surround with earth berms or other appropriate containment BMP. See EC-9, Earth Dikes and Drainage Swales. - Place in an area that will be paved. Storage of reactive, ignitable, or flammable liquids must comply with the fire codes of your area. Contact the local Fire Marshal to review site materials, quantities, and proposed storage area to determine specific requirements. See the Flammable and Combustible Liquid Code, NFPA3o. An up to date inventory of materials delivered and stored onsite should be kept. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Material Delivery and Storage WM-1 Hazardous materials storage onsite should be minimized. Hazardous materials should be handled as infrequently as possible. Keep ample spill cleanup supplies appropriate for the materials being stored. Ensure that cleanup supplies are in a conspicuous, labeled area. i Employees and subcontractors should be trained on the proper material delivery and storage practices. Employees trained in emergency spill cleanup procedures must be present when dangerous materials or liquid chemicals are unloaded. If significant residual materials remain on the ground after construction is complete, properly remove and dispose of materials and any contaminated soil. See WM-7, Contaminated Soil Management. If the area is to be paved, pave as soon as materials are removed to stabilize the soil. Material Storage Areas and Practices Liquids, petroleum products, and substances listed in 40 CFR Parts 110,117, Or 302 should be stored in approved containers and drums and should not be overfilled. Containers and drums should be placed in temporary containment facilities for storage. A temporary containment facility should provide for a spill containment volume able to contain precipitation from a 25 year storm event, plus the greater of io% of the aggregate volume of all containers or i00% of the capacity of the largest container within its boundary, whichever is greater. A temporary containment facility should be impervious to the materials stored therein for a minimum contact time of 72 hours. A temporary containment facility should be maintained free of accumulated rainwater and spills. In the event of spills or leaks, accumulated rainwater and spills should be collected and placed into drums. These liquids should be handled as a hazardous waste unless testing determines them to be non-hazardous. All collected liquids or non-hazardous liquids should be sent to an approved disposal site. Sufficient separation should be provided between stored containers to allow for spill cleanup and emergency response access. Incompatible materials, such as chlorine and ammonia, should not be stored in the same temporary containment facility. Materials should be covered prior to, and during rain events. Materials should be stored in their original containers and the original product labels should be maintained in place in a legible condition. Damaged or otherwise illegible labels should be replaced immediately. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Material Delivery and Storage WM-1 Bagged and boxed materials should be stored on pallets and should not be allowed to accumulate on the ground. To provide protection from wind and rain throughout the rainy season, bagged and boxed materials should be covered during non-working days and prior to and during rain events. Stockpiles should be protected in accordance with WM-3, Stockpile Management. Materials should be stored indoors within existing structures or completely enclosed storage sheds when available. a Proper storage instructions should be posted at all times in an open and conspicuous location. An ample supply of appropriate spill clean up material should be kept near storage areas. Also see WM-6, Hazardous Waste Management, for storing of hazardous wastes. Material Delivery Practices Keep an accurate, up-to-date inventory of material delivered and stored onsite. a Arrange for employees trained in emergency spill cleanup procedures to be present when dangerous materials or liquid chemicals are unloaded. Spill Cleanup a Contain and clean up any spill immediately. a Properly remove and dispose of any hazardous materials or contaminated soil if significant residual materials remain on the ground after construction is complete. See WM-7, Contaminated Soil Management. See WM-4, Spill Prevention and Control, for spills of chemicals and/or hazardous materials. If spills or leaks of materials occur that are not contained and could discharge to surface waters, non-visible sampling of site discharge may be required. Refer to the General Permit or to your project specific Construction Site Monitoring Plan to determine if and where sampling is required. Cost The largest cost of implementation may be in the construction of a materials storage area that is covered and provides secondary containment. Inspection and Maintenance BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. Keep storage areas clean and well organized, including a current list of all materials onsite. Inspect labels on containers for legibility and accuracy. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Material Delivery and Storaae WM-1 Repair or replace perimeter controls, containment structures, covers, and liners as needed to maintain proper function. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995. Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Program: Program Development and Approval Guidance, Working Group Working Paper; USEPA, April 1992. Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities; Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practice, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 5 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Material Use WM-2 Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control IC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WIVI Waste Management and 10 Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Category (I Secondary Category Description and Purpose Prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants to the storm drain system or watercourses from material use by using alternative products, minimizing hazardous material use onsite, and training employees and subcontractors. Suitable Applications This BMP is suitable for use at all construction projects. These procedures apply when the following materials are used or prepared onsite: . Pesticides and herbicides Fertilizers Detergents Petroleum products such as fuel, oil, and grease Asphalt and other concrete components Other hazardous chemicals such as acids, lime, glues, adhesives, paints, solvents, and curing compounds Other materials that may be detrimental if released to the environment Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals El Bacteria Oil and Grease El Organics El Potential Alternatives - None If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASQA nameRogo and tooter below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAUR31N1A STOihIWATEM QUA I I Y A'. fit) L,IAJ ItI. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 1 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Material Use WM-2 Limitations Safer alternative building and construction products may not be available or suitable in every instance. Implementation The following steps should be taken to minimize risk: Minimize use of hazardous materials onsite. Follow manufacturer instructions regarding uses, protective equipment, ventilation, flammability, and mixing of chemicals. i Train personnel who use pesticides. The California Department of Pesticide Regulation and county agricultural commissioners license pesticide dealers, certify pesticide applicators, and conduct onsite inspections. The preferred method of termiticide application is soil injection near the existing or proposed structure foundation/slab; however, if not feasible, soil drench application of termiticides should follow EPA label guidelines and the following recommendations (most of which are applicable to most pesticide applications): Do not treat soil that is water-saturated or frozen. Application shall not commence within 24-hours of a predicted precipitation event with a 40% or greater probability. Weather tracking must be performed on a daily basis prior to termiticide application and during the period of termiticide application. Do not allow treatment chemicals to runoff from the target area. Apply proper quantity to prevent excess runoff. Provide containment for and divert stormwater from application areas using berms or diversion ditches during application. Dry season: Do not apply within io feet of storm drains. Do not apply within 25 feet of aquatic habitats (such as, but not limited to, lakes; reservoirs; rivers; permanent streams; marshes or ponds; estuaries; and commercial fish farm ponds). Wet season: Do not apply within 50 feet of storm drains or aquatic habitats (such as, but not limited to, lakes; reservoirs; rivers; permanent streams; marshes or ponds; estuaries; and commercial fish farm ponds) unless a vegetative buffer is present (if so, refer to dry season requirements). Do not make on-grade applications when sustained wind speeds are above 10 mph (at application site) at nozzle end height. Cover treatment site prior to a rain event in order to prevent run-off of the pesticide into non-target areas. The treated area should be limited to a size that can be backfilled and/or covered by the end of the work shift. Backfiuing or covering of the treated area shall be done by the end of the same work shift in which the application is made. The applicator must either cover the soil him/herself or provide written notification of the above requirement to the contractor on site and to the person commissioning the November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Material Use WM-2 application (if different than the contractor). If notice is provided to the contractor or the person commissioning the application, then they are responsible under the Federal Insecticide Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) to ensure that: i) if the concrete slab cannot be poured over the treated soil within 24 hours of application, the treated soil is covered with a waterproof covering (such as polyethylene sheeting), and 2) the treated soil is covered if precipitation is predicted to occur before the concrete slab is scheduled to be poured. i Do not over-apply fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides. Prepare only the amount needed. Follow the recommended usage instructions. Over-application is expensive and environmentally harmful. Unless on steep slopes, till fertilizers into the soil rather than hydraulic application. Apply surface dressings in several smaller applications, as opposed to one large application, to allow time for infiltration and to avoid excess material being carried offsite by runoff. Do not apply these chemicals before predicted rainfall. Train employees and subcontractors in proper material use. Supply Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for all materials. Dispose of latex paint and paint cans, used brushes, rags, absorbent materials, and drop cloths, when thoroughly dry and are no longer hazardous, with other construction debris. a Do not remove the original product label; it contains important safety and disposal information. Use the entire product before disposing of the container. Mix paint indoors or in a containment area. Never clean paintbrushes or rinse paint containers into a street, gutter, storm drain, or watercourse. Dispose of any paint thinners, residue, and sludge(s) that cannot be recycled, as hazardous waste. For water-based paint, clean brushes to the extent practicable, and rinse to a drain leading to a sanitary sewer where permitted, or contain for proper disposal off site. For oil-based paints, clean brushes to the extent practicable, and filter and reuse thinners and solvents. Use recycled and less hazardous products when practical. Recycle residual paints, solvents, non-treated lumber, and other materials. Use materials only where and when needed to complete the construction activity. Use safer alternative materials as much as possible. Reduce or eliminate use of hazardous materials onsite when practical. Document the location, time, chemicals applied, and applicator's name and qualifications. Keep an ample supply of spill clean up material near use areas. Train employees in spill clean up procedures. Avoid exposing applied materials to rainfall and runoff unless sufficient time has been allowed for them to dry. Discontinue use of erodible landscape material within 2 days prior to a forecasted rain event and materials should be covered and/or bermed. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Material Use WM-2 Provide containment for material use areas such as masons' areas or paint mixing/preparation areas to prevent materials/pollutants from entering stormwater. Costs All of the above are low cost measures. Inspection and Maintenance Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. Ensure employees and subcontractors throughout the job are using appropriate practices. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995. Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Program: Program Development and Approval Guidance, Working Group Working Paper; USEPA, April 1992. Comments on Risk Assessments Risk Reduction Options for Cypermethrin: Docket No. OPP- 2005-0293; California Stormwater Quality Association (CASQA) letter to USEPA, 2006.Environmental Hazard and General Labeling for Pyrethroid Non-Agricultural Outdoor Products, EPA-HQ-OPP-2008-0331-0021; USEPA, 2008. Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities; Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practice, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control IEI TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control VII Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: El Primary Category I) Secondary Category Stockpile Management WM-3 Description and Purpose Stockpile management procedures and practices are designed to reduce or eliminate air and stormwater pollution from stockpiles of soil, soil amendments, sand, paving materials such as portland cement concrete (FCC) rubble, asphalt concrete (AC), asphalt concrete rubble, aggregate base, aggregate sub base or pre-mixed aggregate, asphalt minder (so called "cold mix" asphalt), and pressure treated wood. Suitable Applications Implement in all projects that stockpile soil and other loose materials. Limitations Plastic sheeting as a stockpile protection is temporary and hard to manage in windy conditions. Where plastic is used, consider use of plastic tarps with nylon reinforcement which may be more durable than standard sheeting. Plastic sheeting can increase runoff volume due to lack of infiltration and potentially cause perimeter control failure. . Plastic sheeting breaks down faster in sunlight. The use of Plastic materials and photodegradable plastics should be avoided. Implementation Protection of stockpiles is a year-round requirement. To properly manage stockpiles: Targeted Constituents Sediment IZI Nutrients El Trash El Metals El Bacteria Oil and Grease El Organics El Potential Alternatives None If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASQA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAU1ORNIA 5TOflMWATfl IjLILtt July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 1. of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Stockpile Management WM-3 On larger sites, a minimum of 50 ft separation from concentrated flows of stormwater, drainage courses, and inlets is recommended. a After 14 days of inactivity, a stockpile is non-active and requires further protection described below. All stockpiles are required to be protected as non-active stockpiles immediately if they are not scheduled to be used within 14 days. a Protect all stockpiles from stormwater runon using temporary perimeter sediment barriers such as compost berms (SE-13), temporary silt dikes (SE-12), fiber roll (SE-5), silt fences (SE-i), sandbags (SE-8), gravel bags (SE-6), or biofilter bags (SE-14). Refer to the individual fact sheet for each of these controls for installation information. Implement wind erosion control practices as appropriate on all stockpiled material. For specific information, see WE-1, Wind Erosion Control. Manage stockpiles of contaminated soil in accordance with WM-7, Contaminated Soil Management. a Place bagged materials on pallets and under cover. a Ensure that stockpile coverings are installed securely to protect from wind and rain. Some plastic covers withstand weather and sunlight better than others. Select cover materials or methods based on anticipated duration of use. Protection ofNon-Active Stockpiles A stockpile is considered non-active if it either is not used for 14 days or if it is scheduled not to be used for 14 days or more. Stockpiles need to be protected immediately if they are not scheduled to be used within 14 days. Non-active stockpiles of the identified materials should be protected as follows: Soil stockpiles Soil stockpiles should be covered or protected with soil stabilization measures and a temporary perimeter sediment barrier at all times. Temporary vegetation should be considered for topsoil piles that will be stockpiled for extended periods. Stockpiles of Portland cement concrete rubble, asphalt concrete, asphalt concrete rubble, aggregate base, or aggregate sub base Stockpiles should be covered and protected with a temporary perimeter sediment barrier at all times. Stockpiles of "cold mix" a Cold mix stockpiles should be placed on and covered with plastic sheeting or comparable material at all times and surrounded by a berm. Stockpiles offly ash, stucco, hydrated lime July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Stockpile Management WM-3 Stockpiles of materials that may raise the pH of runoff (i.e., basic materials) should be covered with plastic and surrounded by a berm. Stockpiles/Storage of wood (Pressure treated with chromated copper arsenate or ammoniacal copper zinc arsenate Treated wood should be covered with plastic sheeting or comparable material at all times and surrounded by a berm. Protection ofActive Stockpiles A stockpile is active when it is being used or is scheduled to be used within 14 days of the previous use. Active stockpiles of the identified materials should be protected as follows: All stockpiles should be covered and protected with a temporary linear sediment barrier prior to the onset of precipitation. Stockpiles of "cold, mix" and treated wood, and basic materials should be placed on and covered with plastic sheeting or comparable material and surrounded by a berm prior to the onset of precipitation. The downstream perimeter of an active stockpile should be protected with a linear sediment barrier or berm and runoff should be diverted around or away from the stockpile on the upstream perimeter. Costs For cost information associated with stockpile protection refer to the individual erosion or sediment control BMP fact sheet considered for implementation (For example, refer to SE-i Silt Fence for installation of silt fence around the perimeter of a stockpile.) Inspection and Maintenance Stockpiles must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level, it is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. It may be necessary to inspect stockpiles covered with plastic sheeting more frequently during certain conditions (for examples high winds or extreme heat). Repair and/or replace perimeter controls and covers as needed to keep them functioning properly. Sediment shall be removed when it reaches one-third of the barrier height. References Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. July 2012 - California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Spill Prevention and Control WM-4 Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control Description and Purpose Prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants to drainage systems or watercourses from leaks and spills by reducing the chance for spills, stopping the source of spills, containing and cleaning up spills, properly disposing of spill materials, and training employees. This best management practice covers only spill prevention and control. However, WM-1, Materials Delivery and Storage, and WM-2, Material Use, also contain useful information, particularly on spill prevention. For information on wastes, see the waste management BMPs in this section. Suitable Applications This BMP is suitable for all construction projects. Spill control procedures are implemented anytime chemicals or hazardous substances are stored on the construction site, including the following materials: . Soil stabilizers/binders i Dust palliatives . Herbicides . Growth inhibitors s Fertilizers . Deicing/anti-icing chemicals NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WIVI Waste Management and mJ Materials Pollution Control Legend: Primary Objective LI Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment El Nutrients El Trash El Metals El Bacteria Oil and Grease El Organics El Potential Alternatives None If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASQA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAWORNIA5RMWAiTh LwAiiry M.cnctA1u, January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 1 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org Spill Prevention and Control WM-4 Fuels Lubricants Other petroleum distillates Limitations In some cases it may be necessary to use a private spill cleanup company. • This BMP applies to spills caused by the contractor and subcontractors. Procedures and practices presented in this BMP are general. Contractor should identify appropriate practices for the specific materials used or stored onsite Implementation The following steps will help reduce the stormwater impacts of leaks and spills: Education Be aware that different materials pollute in different amounts. Make sure that each employee knows what a "significant spifi" is for each material they use, and what is the appropriate response for "significant" and "insignificant" spills. Educate employees and subcontractors on potential dangers to humans and the environment from spills and leaks. Hold regular meetings to discuss and reinforce appropriate disposal procedures (incorporate into regular safety meetings). Establish a continuing education program to indoctrinate new employees. Have contractor's superintendent or representative oversee and enforce proper spill prevention and control measures. General Measures To the extent that the work can be accomplished safely, spills of oil, petroleum products, substances listed under 40 CFR. parts 110,117, and 302, and sanitary and septic wastes should be contained and cleaned up immediately. Store hazardous materials and wastes in covered containers and protect from vandalism. Place a stockpile of spill cleanup materials where it will be readily accessible. Train employees in spill prevention and cleanup. Designate responsible individuals to oversee and enforce control measures. Spills should be covered and protected from stormwater runon during rainfall to the extent that it doesn't compromise clean up activities. Do not bury or wash spills with water. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org Spill Prevention and Control WM-4 Store and dispose of used clean up materials, contaminated materials, and recovered spill material that is no longer suitable for the intended purpose in conformance with the provisions in applicable BMPs. Do not allow water used for cleaning and decontamination to enter storm drains or watercourses. Collect and dispose of contaminated water in accordance with WM-io, Liquid Waste Management. Contain water overflow or minor water spillage and do not allow it to discharge into drainage facilities or watercourses. Place proper storage, cleanup, and spill reporting instructions for hazardous materials stored or used on the project site in an open, conspicuous, and accessible location. Keep waste storage areas clean, well organized, and equipped with ample cleanup supplies as appropriate for the materials being stored. Perimeter controls, containment structures, covers, and liners should be repaired or replaced as needed to maintain proper function. Cleanup Clean up leaks and spills immediately. Use a rag for small spills on paved surfaces, a damp mop for general cleanup, and absorbent material for larger spills. If the spilled material is hazardous, then the used cleanup materials are also hazardous and must be sent to either a certified laundry (rags) or disposed of as hazardous waste. Never hose down or bury dry material spills. Clean up as much of the material as possible and dispose of properly. See the waste management BMPs in this section for specific information. Minor Spills Minor spills typically involve small quantities of oil, gasoline, paint, etc. which can be controlled by the first responder at the discovery of the spill. Use absorbent materials on small spills rather than hosing down or burying the spill. Absorbent materials should be promptly removed and disposed of properly. Follow the practice below for a minor spill: - Contain the spread of the spill. - Recover spilled materials. - Clean the contaminated area and properly dispose of contaminated materials. Semi-Significant Spills Semi-significant spills still can be controlled by the first responder along with the aid of other personnel such as laborers and the foreman, etc. This response may require the cessation of all other activities. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org Spill Prevention and Control WM-4 Spills should be cleaned up immediately: - Contain spread of the spill. - Notify the project foreman immediately. - If the spill occurs on paved or impermeable surfaces, clean up using "dry 'methods (absorbent materials, cat litter and/or rags). Contain the spill by encircling with absorbent materials and do not let the spill spread widely. - If the spill occurs in dirt areas, immediately contain the spill by constructing an earthen dike. Dig up and properly dispose of contaminated soil. - If the spill occurs during rain, cover spill with tarps or other material to prevent contaminating runoff. Signcant/Hazardous Spills For significant or hazardous spills that cannot be controlled by personnel in the immediate vicinity, the following steps should be taken: - Notify the local emergency response by dialing 911. In addition to 911, the contractor will notify the proper county officials. It is the contractor's responsibility to have all emergency phone numbers at the construction site. - Notify the Governor's Office of Emergency Services Warning Center, (916) 845-8911. - For spills of federal reportable quantities, in conformance with the requirements in 40 CFR parts 110,119, and 302, the contractor should notify the National Response Center at (800) 424-8802. - Notification should first be made by telephone and followed up with a written report. - The services of a spills contractor or a Haz-Mat team should be obtained immediately. Construction personnel should not attempt to clean up until the appropriate and qualified staffs have arrived at the job site. - Other agencies which may need to be consulted include, but are not limited to, the Fire Department, the Public Works Department, the Coast Guard, the Highway Patrol, the City/County Police Department, Department of Toxic Substances, California Division of Oil and Gas, Cal/OSHA, etc. Reporting Report significant spills to local agencies, such as the Fire Department; they can assist in cleanup. Federal regulations require that any significant oil spill into a water body or onto an adjoining shoreline be reported to the National Response Center (NRC) at 800-424-8802 (24 hours). Use the following measures related to specific activities: )anuary 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org Spill Prevention and Control WM-4 Vehicle and Equipment Maintenance If maintenance must occur onsite, use a designated area and a secondary containment, located away from drainage courses, to prevent the runon of stormwater and the runoff of spills. Regularly inspect onsite vehicles and equipment for leaks and repair immediately Check incoming vehicles and equipment (including delivery trucks, and employee and subcontractor vehicles) for leaking oil and fluids. Do not allow leaking vehicles or equipment onsite. Always use secondary containment, such as a drain pan or drop cloth, to catch spills or leaks when removing or changing fluids. Place drip pans or absorbent materials under paving equipment when not in use. Use absorbent materials on small spills rather than hosing down or burying the spill. Remove the absorbent materials promptly and dispose of properly. Promptly transfer used fluids to the proper waste or recycling drums. Don't leave full drip pans or other open containers lying around Oil filters disposed of in trashcans or dumpsters can leak oil and pollute stormwater. Place the oil filter in a funnel over a waste oil-recycling drum to drain excess oil before disposal. Oil filters can also be recycled. Ask the oil supplier or recycler about recycling oil filters. Store cracked batteries in a non-leaking secondary container. Do this with all cracked batteries even if you think all the acid has drained out. If you drop a battery, treat it as if it is cracked. Put it into the containment area until you are sure it is not leaking. Vehicle and Equipment Fueling If fueling must occur onsite, use designate areas, located away from drainage courses, to prevent the runon of stormwater and the runoff of spills. Discourage "topping off' of fuel tanks. Always use secondary containment, such as a drain pan, when fueling to catch spills/ leaks. Costs Prevention of leaks and spills is inexpensive. Treatment and/ or disposal of contaminated soil or water can be quite expensive. Inspection and Maintenance Inspect and verify that activity—based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are underway, inspect BMPs in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. )anuary 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 5 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org Spill Prevention and Control WM-4 it Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharge daily while non-stormwater discharges occur. Keep ample supplies of spill control and cleanup materials onsite, near storage, unloading, and maintenance areas. Update your spill prevention and control plan and stock cleanup materials as changes occur in the types of chemicals onsite. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995. Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities; Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practice, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. January 2011 California Stormwater BlIP Handbook 6 of 6 Construction www.cosqa.org Solid Waste Management WM-5 -- Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: 11 Primary Objective II Secondary Objective Description and Purpose Solid waste management procedures and practices are designed to prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants to stormwater from solid or construction waste by providing designated waste collection areas and containers, arranging for regular disposal, and training employees and subcontractors. Suitable Applications This BMP is suitable for construction sites where the following wastes are generated or stored: Solid waste generated from trees and shrubs removed during land clearing, demolition of existing structures (rubble), and building construction Packaging materials including wood, paper, and plastic Scrap or surplus building materials including scrap metals, rubber, plastic, glass pieces, and masonry products Domestic wastes including food containers such as beverage cans, coffee cups, paper bags, plastic wrappers, and cigarettes Construction wastes including brick, mortar, timber, steel and metal scraps, pipe and electrical cuttings, non- hazardous equipment parts, styrofoam and other materials used to transport and package construction materials Targeted Constituents Sediment 21 Nutrients 21 Trash 21 Metals 21 Bacteria Oil and Grease El Organics 21 Potential Alternatives - None If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASQA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. AU OIMWATr QLAI 11 V A&MC14TRIV January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 1 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Solid Waste Management WM-5 Highway planting wastes, including vegetative material, plant containers, and packaging materials Limitations Temporary stockpiling of certain construction wastes may not necessitate stringent drainage related controls during the non-rainy season or in desert areas with low rainfall. Implementation The following steps will help keep a clean site and reduce storniwater pollution: . Select designated waste collection areas onsite. Inform trash-hauling contractors that you will accept only watertight dumpsters for onsite use. Inspect dumpsters for leaks and repair any dumpster that is not watertight. Locate containers in a covered area or in a secondary containment. a Provide an adequate number of containers with lids or covers that can be placed over the container to keep rain out or to prevent loss of wastes when it is windy. • Cover waste containers at the end of each work day and when it is raining. Plan for additional containers and more frequent pickup during the demolition phase of construction. • Collect site trash daily, especially during rainy and windy conditions Remove this solid waste promptly since erosion and sediment control devices tend to collect litter. Make sure that toxic liquid wastes (used oils, solvents, and paints) and chemicals (acids, pesticides, additives, curing compounds) are not disposed of in dumpsters designated for construction debris. Do not hose out dumpsters on the construction site. Leave dumpster cleaning to the trash hauling contractor. Arrange for regular waste collection before containers overflow. Clean up immediately if a container does spill. Make sure that construction waste is collected, removed, and disposed of only at authorized disposal areas. Education Have the contractor's superintendent or representative oversee and enforce proper solid waste management procedures and practices. Instruct employees and subcontractors on identification of solid waste and hazardous waste. Educate employees and subcontractors on solid waste storage and disposal procedures. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Solid Waste Management WM-5 i Hold regular meetings to discuss and reinforce disposal procedures (incorporate into regular safety meetings). i Require that employees and subcontractors follow solid waste handling and storage procedures. Prohibit littering by employees, subcontractors, and visitors. Minimize production of solid waste materials wherever possible. Collection, Storage, and Disposal Littering on the project site should be prohibited. To prevent clogging of the storm drainage system, litter and debris removal from drainage grates, trash racks, and ditch lines should be a priority. Trash receptacles should be provided in the contractor's yard, field trailer areas, and at locations where workers congregate for lunch and break periods. Litter from work areas within the construction limits of the project site should be collected and placed in watertight dumpsters at least weekly, regardless of whether the litter was generated by the contractor, the public, or others. Collected litter and debris should not be placed in or next to drain inlets, storinwater drainage systems, or watercourses. Dumpsters of sufficient size and number should be provided to contain the solid waste generated by the project. Full dumpsters should be removed from the project site and the contents should be disposed of by the trash hauling contractor. Construction debris and waste should be removed from the site biweekly or more frequently as needed. Construction material visible to the public should be stored or stacked in an orderly manner. Stormwater runon should be prevented from contacting stored solid waste through the use of berms, dikes, or other temporary diversion structures or through the use of measures to elevate waste from site surfaces. Solid waste storage areas should be located at least 50 ft from drainage facilities and watercourses and should not be located in areas prone to flooding or ponding. Except during fair weather, construction and highway planting waste not stored in watertight dumpsters should be securely covered from wind and rain by covering the waste with tarps or plastic. Segregate potentially hazardous waste from non-hazardous construction site waste. Make sure that toxic liquid wastes (used oils, solvents, and paints) and chemicals (acids, pesticides, additives, curing compounds) are not disposed of in dumpsters designated for construction debris. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Solid Waste Management WM-5 a For disposal of hazardous waste, see WM-6, Hazardous Waste Management. Have hazardous waste hauled to an appropriate disposal and/or recycling facility. Salvage or recycle useful vegetation debris, packaging and surplus building materials when practical. For example, trees and shrubs from land clearing can be used as a brush barrier, or converted into wood chips, then used as mulch on graded areas. Wood pallets, cardboard boxes, and construction scraps can also be recycled. Costs All of the above are low cost measures. Inspection and Maintenance Inspect and verify that activity—based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are under way, inspect BMPs in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharge daily while non-stormwater discharges occur Inspect construction waste area regularly. Arrange for regular waste collection. References Processes, Procedures and Methods to Control Pollution Resulting from All Construction Activity, 430/9-73-007, USEPA, 1973. Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities; Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practice, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Concrete Waste Management WM-8 Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control IC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WIVI Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: Primary Category LI Secondary Category Description and Purpose Prevent the discharge of pollutants to stormwater from concrete waste by conducting washout onsite or offsite in a designated area, and by employee and subcontractor training. The General Permit incorporates Numeric Action Levels (NAL) for pH (see Section 2 of this handbook to determine your project's risk level and if you are subject to these requirements). Many types of construction materials, including mortar, concrete, stucco, cement and block and their associated wastes have basic chemical properties that can raise pH levels outside of the permitted range. Additional care should be taken when managing these materials to prevent them from coming into contact with stormwater flows and raising pH to levels outside the accepted range. Suitable Applications Concrete waste management procedures and practices are implemented on construction projects where: Concrete is used as a construction material or where concrete dust and debris result from demolition activities. Slurries containing portland cement concrete (PCC) are generated, such as from saw cutting, coring, grinding, grooving, and hydro-concrete demolition. Concrete trucks and other concrete-coated equipment are washed onsite. Targeted Constituents Sediment II Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives None If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASQA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAUfORNIA ST0JLMWAflI LW.cl. I$ lt$110; July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 1 of 7 Construction www.casqa.org Concrete Waste Management WM-8 Mortar-mixing stations exist. Stucco mixing and spraying. See also NS-8, Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning. Limitations Offsite washout of concrete wastes may not always be possible. Multiple washouts may be needed to assure adequate capacity and to allow for evaporation. Implementation The following steps will help reduce stormwater pollution from concrete wastes: Incorporate requirements for concrete waste management into material supplier and subcontractor agreements. Store dry and wet materials under cover, away from drainage areas. Refer to WM-i, Material Delivery and Storage for more information. • Avoid mixing excess amounts of concrete. Perform washout of concrete trucks in designated areas only, where washout will not reach stormwater. - Do not wash out concrete trucks into storm drains, open ditches, streets, streams or onto the ground. Trucks should always be washed out into designated facilities. Do not allow excess concrete to be dumped onsite, except in designated areas. For onsite washout: - On larger sites, it is recommended to locate washout areas at least 50 feet from storm drains, open ditches, or water bodies. Do not allow runoff from this area by constructing a temporary pit or bermed area large enough for liquid and solid waste. - Washout wastes into the temporary washout where the concrete can set, be broken up, and then disposed properly. - Washouts shall be implemented in a manner that prevents leaching to underlying soils. Washout containers must be water tight and washouts on or in the ground must be lined with a suitable impervious liner, typically a plastic type material. Do not wash sweepings from exposed aggregate concrete into the street or storm drain. Collect and return sweepings to aggregate base stockpile or dispose in the trash. • See typical concrete washout installation details at the end of this fact sheet. Education Educate employees, subcontractors, and suppliers on the concrete waste management techniques described herein. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 7 Construction www.casqa.org Concrete Waste Management WM-8 Arrange for contractor's superintendent or representative to oversee and enforce concrete waste management procedures. Discuss the concrete management techniques described in this BMP (such as handling of concrete waste and washout) with the ready-mix concrete supplier before any deliveries are made. Concrete Demolition Wastes Stockpile concrete demolition waste in accordance with BMP WM-3, Stockpile Management Dispose of or recyde hardened concrete waste in accordance with applicable federal, state or local regulations. Concrete Slurry Wastes PCC and AC waste should not be allowed to enter storm drains or watercourses. PCC and AC waste should be collected and disposed of or placed in a temporary concrete washout facility (as described in Onsite Temporary Concrete Washout Facility, Concrete Transit Truck Washout Procedures, below). A foreman or construction supervisor should monitor onsite concrete working tasks, such as saw cutting, coring, grinding and grooving to ensure proper methods are implemented. Saw-cut concrete slurry should not be allowed to enter storm drains or watercourses. Residue from grinding operations should be picked up by means of a vacuum attachment to the grinding machine or by sweeping. Saw cutting residue should not be allowed to flow across the pavement and should not be left on the surface of the pavement. See also NS-3, Paving and Grinding Operations; and WM-io, Liquid Waste Management. Concrete slurry residue should be disposed in a temporary washout facility (as described in Onsite Temporary Concrete Washout Facility, Concrete Transit Truck Washout Procedures, below) and allowed to dry. Dispose of dry slurry residue in accordance with WM-, Solid Waste Management. Onsite Temporary Concrete Washout Facility, Transit Truck Washout Procedures Temporary concrete washout facilities should be located a minimum of so ft from storm drain inlets, open drainage facilities, and watercourses. Each facility should be located away from construction traffic or access areas to prevent disturbance or tracking. A sign should be installed adjacent to each washout facility to inform concrete equipment operators to utilize the proper facilities. Temporary concrete washout facilities should be constructed above grade or below grade at the option of the contractor. Temporary concrete washout facilities should be constructed and maintained in sufficient quantity and size to contain all liquid and concrete waste generated by washout operations. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of? Construction www.casqa.org Concrete Waste Management WM8 Temporary washout facilities should have a temporary pit or bermed areas of sufficient volume to completely contain all liquid and waste concrete materials generated during washout procedures. Temporary washout facilities should be lined to prevent discharge to the underlying ground or surrounding area. Washout of concrete trucks should be performed in designated areas only. Only concrete from mixer truck chutes should be washed into concrete wash out. Concrete washout from concrete pumper bins can be washed into concrete pumper trucks and discharged into designated washout area or properly disposed of or recycled offsite. Once concrete wastes are washed into the designated area and allowed to harden, the concrete should be broken up, removed, and disposed of per WM-5, Solid Waste Management. Dispose of or recycle hardened concrete on a regular basis. a Temporary Concrete Washout Facility (Type Above Grade) - Temporary concrete washout facility (type above grade) should be constructed as shown on the details at the end of this BMP, with a recommended minimum length and minimum width of 10 ft; however, smaller sites or jobs may only need a smaller washout facility. With any washout, always maintain a sufficient quantity and volume to contain all liquid and concrete waste generated by washout operations. - Materials used to construct the washout area should conform to the provisions detailed in their respective BMPs (e.g., SE-8 Sandbag Barrier). - Plastic lining material should be a minimum of 10 ml] in polyethylene sheeting and should be free of holes, tears, or other defects that compromise the impermeability of the material. - Alternatively, portable removable containers can be used as above grade concrete washouts. Also called a "roll-off'; this concrete washout facility should be properly sealed to prevent leakage, and should be removed from the site and replaced when the container reaches 75% capacity. Temporary Concrete Washout Facility (Type Below Grade) - Temporary concrete washout facilities (type below grade) should be constructed as shown on the details at the end of this BMP, with a recommended minimum length and minimum width of 10 ft. The quantity and volume should be sufficient to contain all liquid and concrete waste generated by washout operations. - Lath and flagging should be commercial type. - Plastic lining material should be a minimum of 10 mil polyethylene sheeting and should be free of holes, tears, or other defects that compromise the impermeability of the material. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 7 Construction www.casqa.org Concrete Waste Management WM-8 The base of a washout facility should be free of rock or debris that may damage a plastic liner. Removal of Temporary Concrete Washout Facilities When temporary concrete washout facilities are no longer required for the work, the hardened concrete should be removed and properly disposed or recycled in accordance with federal, state or local regulations. Materials used to construct temporary concrete washout facilities should be removed from the site of the work and properly disposed or recycled in accordance with federal, state or local regulations.. Holes, depressions or other ground disturbance caused by the removal of the temporary concrete washout facilities should be backfilled and repaired. Costs All of the above are low cost measures. Roll-off concrete washout facilities can be more costly than other measures due to removal and replacement; however, provide a cleaner alternative to traditional washouts. The type of washout facility, size, and availability of materials will determine the cost of the washout. Inspection and Maintenance BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. Temporary concrete washout facilities should be maintained to provide adequate holding capacity with a minimum freeboard of 4 in. for above grade facilities and 12 in. for below grade facilities. Maintaining temporary concrete washout facilities should include removing and disposing of hardened concrete and returning the facilities to a functional condition. Hardened concrete materials should be removed and properly disposed or recycled in accordance with federal, state or local regulations. Washout facilities must be cleaned, or new facilities must be constructed and ready for use once the washout is 75% full. Inspect washout facilities for damage (e.g. torn liner, evidence of leaks, signage, etc.). Repair all identified damage. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995. Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000, Updated March 2003. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities; Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practice, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 5 of? Construction www.casqa.org MIN >1 Concrete Waste Management WM8 L AT P &— FL ALL AGGIIG CN MU —SANDBAG I cI{.Lc QA U Oi SANC.O IC. MIL PLASIIC LINING. BERM fl D 0 0 10 MIL / PLASTIC LINING—' SECTION A-A NOT 10 SCALE PLAN NOT TO SCALE TYPE "BELOW GRADE" 10 ML PLASTIC LINING WOOD FRAME SECURELY FASTENED AROUND ENTIRE PERIMETER WITH TWO STAKES SECTION B- NOT TO SCALE TAKE TYP) I —10 MIL TWO—STA.k.E — PLASTIC LINING 2 X 12 ROUH WOOD FRAME PLAN NOT TO SCALE TYPE "ABOVE GRADE' NO T E S 1. ACTUAL LAYOUT DETERMINED IN FIELD 2 THE CONCRE S TE WASHOUT lGI SHALL BE INSTALLED WITHIN 30 FT OF TH TEMPORARY CONCRETE WASHOUT FACILITY July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 6 of 7 Construction www.casqaorg --STRAW BALE (TP) PLYWOOD 48" X 24" PAIN1ED WHITE LACK LETTERS HEIGHT 5" LAG CREWS O9D P051 X 3" X 8' Concrete Waste Management WM-8 -3- }1f'EL " WIRE filL!' STAPLE DETAIL 10 MIL PLASTIC LINING LAN NOT TO SCALE 1YPE "ABOVE GRADE" WITH S1RAW BALES CONCRETE WASHOUT SIGN DETAIL OR EQUIVALENT) STAPLES-- (2 PER BALE)/ 13 MIL PLASTIC' LINING - BINDING WIRE STRAW BALE NATIVE MATERIAL (OP TIONAL) WOOD OR—' NOTES METAL STAKES (2 PER BALE) 1 ACTUAL LAYOUT DETERMINED IN FIELD SECTION B-s 2 THE CONCRETE WASHOUT SIGN SHALL BE INSTALLED WITHIN NOT TQ SCALE 33 FT, OF THE TEMPORARY CONCRETE WASHOUT IACILIT(. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 7 of 7 Construction www.casqa.org Sanitary/Septic Waste Management WM-9 Description and Purpose Proper sanitary and septic waste management prevent the discharge of pollutants to stormwater from sanitary and septic waste by providing convenient, well-maintained facilities, and arranging for regular service and disposal. Suitable Applications Sanitary septic waste management practices are suitable for use at all construction sites that use temporary or portable sanitary and septic waste systems. Limitations None identified. Implementation Sanitary or septic wastes should be treated or disposed of in accordance with state and local requirements. In many cases, one contract with a local facility supplier will be all that it takes to make sure sanitary wastes are properly disposed. Storage and Disposal Procedures Temporary sanitary facilities should be located away from drainage facilities, watercourses, and from traffic circulation. If site conditions allow, place portable facilities a minimum of 50 feet from drainage conveyances and traffic areas. When subjected to high winds or risk of high winds, temporary sanitary facilities should be secured to prevent overturning. Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control IC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: 21 Primary Category l Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients El Trash El Metals Bacteria El Oil and Grease Organics El Potential Alternatives None If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASQA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAUIOBMA STORM WAITE VIVA I II Y /.Sl)CiAII(1V November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 1 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Sanitary/Septic Waste Management WM-9 Temporary sanitary facilities must be equipped with containment to prevent discharge of pollutants to the stormwater drainage system of the receiving water. Consider safety as well as environmental implications before placing temporary sanitary facilities. . Wastewater should not be discharged or buried within the project site. Sanitary and septic systems that discharge directly into sanitary sewer systems, where permissible, should comply with the local health agency, city, county, and sewer district requirements. Only reputable, licensed sanitary and septic waste haulers should be used. Sanitary facilities should be located in a convenient location. Temporary septic systems should treat wastes to appropriate levels before discharging. If using an onsite disposal system (OSDS), such as a septic system, local health agency requirements must be followed. Temporary sanitary facilities that discharge to the sanitary sewer system should be properly connected to avoid illicit discharges. Sanitary and septic facilities should be maintained in good working order by a licensed service. Regular waste collection by a licensed hauler should be arranged before facilities overflow. If a spill does occur from a temporary sanitary facility, follow federal, state and local regulations for containment and clean-up. Education Educate employees, subcontractors, and suppliers on sanitary and septic waste storage and disposal procedures. Educate employees, subcontractors, and suppliers of potential dangers to humans and the environment from sanitary and septic wastes. Instruct employees, subcontractors, and suppliers in identification of sanitary and septic waste. a Hold regular meetings to discuss and reinforce the use of sanitary facilities (incorporate into regular safety meetings). Establish a continuing education program to indoctrinate new employees. Costs All of the above are low cost measures. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Sanitary/Septic Waste Management WM-9 Inspection and Maintenance BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. Arrange for regular waste collection. a If high winds are expected, portable sanitary facilities must be secured with spikes or weighed down to prevent over turning. If spills or leaks from sanitary or septic facilities occur that are not contained and discharge from the site, non-visible sampling of site discharge may be required. Refer to the General Permit or to your project specific Construction Site Monitoring Plan to determine if and where sampling is required. References Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities; Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practice, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Outdoor Storage of Raw Materials SC-33 Description Raw materials, by-products, finished products, containers, and material storage areas exposed to rain and/or runoff can pollute stormwater. Stormwater can become contaminated when materials wash off or dissolve into water or are added to runoff by spills and leaks. Improper storage of these materials can result in accidental spills and the release of materials. To prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants to stormwater from material delivery and storage, pollution prevention and source control measures must be implemented, such as minimizing the storage of hazardous materials on-site, enclosing or covering materials, storing materials in a designated area, installing secondary containment, conducting regular inspections, preventing stormwater run-on and runoff, and training employees and subcontractors. Approach Reduce potential for pollutant discharge through source control pollution prevention and BMP implementation. Successful implementation depends on effective training of employees on applicable BMPs and general pollution prevention strategies and objectives. Pollution Prevention Emphasize employee education for successful BMP implementation. . Minimize inventory of raw materials. Keep an accurate, up-to-date inventory of the materials delivered and stored on-site. Objectives Cover Contain Educate Reduce/Minimize Targeted Constituents Sediment I Nutrients I Trash Metals / Bacteria Oil and Grease / Organics I Stormwater Quality Association January 2003 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 1 of 4 Industrial and Commercial www.cabmphandbooks.com SC-33 Outdoor Storage of Raw Materials Try to keep chemicals in their original containers and keep them well labeled. Suggested Protocols General Store all materials inside. If this is hot feasible, then all outside storage areas should be covered with a roof and bermed or enclosed to prevent stormwater contact. At the very minimum, a temporary waterproof covering made of polyethylene, polypropylene or hypalon should be used over all materials stored outside. Cover and contain the stockpiles of raw materials to prevent stormwater from running into the covered piles. The covers must be in place at all times when work with the stockpiles is not occurring. (Applicable to small stockpiles only). Implement erosion control practices at the perimeter of your site and at any catch basins to prevent erosion of the stockpiled material off-site, if the stockpiles are so large that they cannot feasibly be covered and contained. Keep liquids in a designated area on a paved impervious surface within a secondary containment. Keep outdoor storage containers in good condition. . Minimize stormwater run-on by enclosing the area or building a berm around it. Keep storage areas clean and dry. Slope paved areas should be sloped in a manner that minimize pooling of water on the site, particularly with materials that may leach pollutants into stormwater and/or groundwater, such as compost, logs, and wood chips. A minimum slope of 1.5% is recommended. Secure drums stored in an area where unauthorized persons may gain access to prevent accidental spillage, pilferage, or any unauthorized use. Cover wood products treated with chromated copper arsenate, ammonical copper zinc arsenate, creosote, or pentachiorophenol with tarps or store indoors. Raw Material Containment Curbing should be placed along the perimeter of the area to prevent the run-on of uncontaminated stormwater from adjacent areas as well as runoff of stormwater from the stockpile areas. Tanks should be bermed or surrounded by a secondary containment system. The area inside the curb should slope to a drain. Liquids should be drained to the sanitary sewer if available. The drain must have a positive control such as a lock, valve, or plug to prevent release of contaminated liquids. Accumulated stormwater in petroleum storage areas should be passed through an oil/water separator. 2 of 4 - California Stormwater BMP Handbook January 2003 Industrial and Commercial www.cabmphandbooks.com Outdoor Storage of Raw Materials SC-33 Inspection Conduct regular inspections of storage areas so that leaks and spills are detected as soon as possible. Check berms, curbing, containment for repair and patching. Training Train employees well in proper material storage. Train employees and contractors in proper techniques for spill containment and cleanup. Spill Response and Prevention Keep your Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasure (SPCC) Plan up-to-date. Place a stockpile of spill cleanup materials, such as brooms, dustpans, and vacuum sweepers (if desired) near the storage area where it will be readily accessible. Have employees trained in spill containment and cleanup present during the loading/unloading of dangerous wastes, liquid chemicals, or other materials. Other Considerations Storage sheds often must meet building and fire code requirements. Storage of reactive, ignitable, or flammable liquids must comply with the Uniform Fire Code and the National Electric Code. Space limitations may preclude storing some materials indoors. Some municipalities require that secondary containment areas (regardless of size) be connected to the sanitary sewer, prohibiting any hard connections to the storm drain. Storage sheds often must meet building and fire code requirements. The local fire district must be consulted for limitations on clearance of roof covers over containers used to store flammable materials. Requirements Costs Costs will vary depending on the size of the facility and the necessary controls. They should be low except where large areas may have to be covered. Maintenance Accurate and up-to-date inventories should be kept of all stored materials. • Berms and curbs may require periodic repair and patching. Parking lots or other surfaces near bulk materials storage areas should be swept periodically to remove debris blown or washed from storage areas. Sweep paved storage areas regularly for collection and disposal of loose solid materials, do not hose down the area to a storm drain or conveyance ditch. January 2003 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 4 Industrial and Commercial www.cabmphandbooks.com SC-33 Outdoor Storage of Raw Materials Keep outdoor storage areas in good condition (e.g., repair roofs, floors, etc., to limit releases to runoff). Supplemental Information Further Detail of the BMP Raw Material Containment Paved areas should be sloped in a manner that minimizes pooling of water on the site, particularly with materials that may leach pollutants into stormwater and/or groundwater, such as compost, logs, and wood chips. A minimum slope of 1.5% is recommended. Curbing should be placed along the perimeter of the area to prevent the run-on of uncontaminated stormwater from adjacent areas as well as runoff of stormwater from stockpile areas. The storm drainage system should be designed to minimize use of catch basins in the interior of the area as they tend to rapidly fill with manufacturing material. The area should be sloped to drain stormwater to the perimeter where it can be collected or to internal drainage alleyways where material is not stockpiled. If the raw material, by-product, or product is a liquid, more information for outside storage of liquids can be found under SC31, Outdoor Liquid Container Storage. Supplemental Information Examples The "doghouse" design has been used to store small liquid containers. The roof and flooring design prevent contact with direct rain or runoff. The doghouse has two solid structural walls and two canvas covered walls. The flooring is wire mesh about secondary containment. The unit has been used successively at Lockheed Missile and Space Company in Sunnyvale. References and Resources California's Nonpoint Source Program Plan http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/nps/index.html Clark County Storm Water Pollution Control Manual http://www.co.clark.wa.us/pubworks/bmpman.pdf King County Storm Water Pollution Control Manual http://dnr.metrokc.gov/wlr/dss/spcm.htm Santa Clara Valley Urban Runoff Pollution Prevention Program http://www.scvurppp.org The Storm Water Managers Resource Center http://www.stormwatercenter.net/ 4 of 4 California Stormwater BMP Handbook January 2003 Industrial and Commercial www.cabmphandbooks.com Appendix I, SNP Inspection Form CASQA SWPPP Template 93 July 2012 BMP INSPECTION REPORT Date and Time of Inspection: Date Report Written: Inspection Type: 'r' Weekly Pre-Storm During Rain Event Post-Storm ,e' Complete Pails Complete Pails Complete Parts!, II, Complete Parts 1,11,1!! and VII 1,11,111,1V and VII Ill, V, and VII 1,11,111, VI and VII Parti General Information ,, '. 47. • " i ...-. • .: - - elnformation - - Construction Site Name: Construction stage and Approximate area completed activities: of site that is exposed: Photos Taken: Photo Reference IDs: (Circle one) Yes No WeatteL r Estimate storm beginning: Estimate storm duration: (date and time) (hours) Estimate time since last storm: Rain gauge reading and location: (days or hours) (in) Is a "Qualifying Event" predicted or did one occur (i.e., 0.5" rain with 48-hrs or greater between events)? (YIN) If yes, summarize forecast Exemption Documentation (expIanationrequiredifinspection,couId notbe.conduôted) ,Visu ecuonsinsp .. - ,... ' xi.. . ofty orjàr'storm - . , - ,L..,; -- - •. . InspjorInfomiation Inspector Name: Inspector Title: Signature: Date: PaijIl. . . . ..• ............ ............ C4SQ4 SWPPP Template 94 July 2012 Failures or other short Action Action Minimum BMPs for Risk Level Sites Required Implemented comings (yes, no, N/A) es/no Date 'Good Housekeeping for Construction Materia!i Inventory of products (excluding materials designed to be outdoors) Stockpiled construction materials not actively in use are covered and bermed All chemicals are stored in watertight containers with appropriate secondary containment, or in a completely enclosed storage shed Construction materials are minimally exposed to precipitation BMPs preventing the oft-site tracking of materials are implemented and properly effective Good Housekóepung for Waste Management Wash/rinse water and materials are prevented from being disposed into the storm drain system Portable toilets are contained to prevent discharges of waste Sanitation facilities are clean and with no apparent for leaks and spills Equipment is in place to cover waste disposal containers at the end of business day and during rain events Discharges from waste disposal containers are prevented from discharging to the storm drain system I receiving water Stockpiled waste material is securely protected from wind and rain if not actively in use Procedures are in place for addressing hazardous and non- hazardous spills Appropriate spill response personnel are assigned and trained Equipment and materials for cleanup of spills is available onsite Washout areas (e.g., concrete) are contained appropriately to prevent discharge or infiltration into the underlying soil - • .GqqdHojasekeepIng.f1.p,yehjp!eStoage.a1iMamtenance . . . -. . • ;W.7v: -. -.4.. . -. ..-. • _______- ____________ -____•. Measures are in place to prevent oil, grease, or fuel from leaking into the ground, storm drains, or surface waters All equipment or vehicles are fueled, maintained, and stored in a designated area with appropriate BMPs Vehicle and equipment leaks are cleaned immediately and disposed of properly cASQA SUP?? Te,nplate 95 July 2012 Part I.I.-BMP Observations Continued (scribe defic les'inPaiClll . I - ?••..• ........... Adequately designed. Action Action Minimum BMPs for Risk Level Sites implemented and Required Implemented effective (yes/no) (Date) (yes,_ no, _N/A) Good Housekeepingfor LandscapeMaterlals Stockpiled landscape materials such as mulches and topsoil are contained and covered when not actively in use Erodible landscape material has not been applied 2 days before a forecasted rain event or during an event Erodible landscape materials are applied at quantities and rates in accordance with manufacturer recommendations Bagged erodible landscape materials are stored on pallets and covered . .". ........ •. -. .. Good Housekeeping forAir Depos ituonof Site Materials .. .... . . . .. t..... Good housekeeping measures are implemented orisite to control the air deposition of site materials and from site operations ... . . .. Non'!StormwaterManagement5 . .. Non-Stormwater discharges are properly controlled Vehicles are washed in a manner to prevent non-stormwater discharges to surface waters or drainage systems Streets are cleaned in a manner to prevent unauthorized non- stormwater discharges to surface waters or drainage systems. ErôiionControls. . . . . . - . . Wind erosion controls are effectively implemented Effective soil cover is provided for disturbed areas inactive (i.e., not scheduled to be disturbed for 14 days) as well as finished slopes, open space, utility backfill, and completed lots The use of plastic materials is limited in cases when a more sustainable, environmentally friendly alternative exists. - SitCJ1trols 1 ' _: Perimeter controls are established and effective at controlling erosion and sediment discharges from the site Entrances and exits are stabilized to control erosion and sediment discharges from the site Sediment basins are properly maintained Linear sediment control along toe of slope, face of slope an at grade breaks (Risk Level 2 & 3 Only) Limit construction activity to and from site to entrances and exits that employ effective controls to prevent offsite tracking (Risk Level 2 & 3 Only) Ensure all storm, drain inlets and perimeter controls, runoff control BMPs and pollutants controls at entrances and exits are maintained and protected from activities the reduce their effectiveness (Risk Level 2 & 3 Only) cASQA Sfl'PPI' Template 96 JUlY 2012 Inspect all immediate access roads daily (Risk Level 2 & 3 Only) Run-On and Run-Off Controls Run-on to the site is effectively managed and directed away from all disturbed areas. Other Are the project SWPPP and BMP plan up to date, available on-site and being properly implemented? - F Out] I.Met.cri of:BMP Deficiencies ,d - - W7 - -.--• --- Repairs,Im liiffiehtdd L. ;• .cit , . Note.-Repaus:must beginwithIn72hours'ofIdentificationand, completepalsènsjossIbte " Stavt.Dati. - -Actlofl •• "'IV *AdditionaLPre_Storm Observations Note the4presence or abSence of fIthig and - - - - - .•v-.. ' "-h suspendedmaterassheendlscoJoration,turbldlty, odorsand soirce(s) ofpolIutants(s)r Yes, No, N/A Do stormwater storage and containment areas have adequate freeboard? If no, complete Part III. Are drainage areas free of spills, leaks, or uncontrolled pollutant sources? If no, complete Part VII and describe below. Notes: Are stormwater storage and containment areas free of leaks? If no, complete Parts Ill and/or VII and describe below. Notes: CASQA SWPPP Templale 97 July 2012 PatV. Additional During stormObservations, If BMPs.cannot beinspected.:during tncIement'eathrCiIthth esiIts ofüãI InSpetions at aiieIe,ant outfalls, discharge pInts :ps-.: ':r' ç-•' and downstreamIocations. Note odors•orvIsibIesheenonthe surfaceofdIschargesCompIete $ 11, VI OutfaIIDischarge'Point,or her0ownsteamtocation -'• 7-••'-•• __________________________________________________ Location Description Location Description Location Description Location Description Location Description Location DeScription Location Description Location Description CASQI4 SWPPP Template 98 July 2012 PàitrVLAddItioflaI. Post-StorrflObsérvations . VisuaIIb ènSpeàt):stónnWâtrdisóhárges 'ätàll'• dichalocatahsithin'two busSssdàyj48 'hou) a4üiifiiê!aIA -- t raIn'evei froducing repitatioñ of Va inch brrnore at the tithe Actionaasflëeded - - I DiSchargé' Location, Storage or ContalnñóntArea Visual Observation Pa ft1'AddiionaI4CarreCtiveActiOflSRequired (aHIäbve Nofe IëL .Requ1red.ActIons,.. . -15 lmpIementtate :: CASQA SWPPP Template 99 July 2012 Appendix J: Project Specific Rain Event Action Plan Template CASQA SWPPP Template 100 July 2012 I Rain Event Action Plan (REAP) I Date of REAP I I WDID Number: Date Rain Predicted to Occur: I I Predicted % chance of rain: Below is a list of suggested actions and items to review for this project: Each active Trade should check all material storage areas, stockpiles, waste management areas, vehicle and equipment storage and maintenance, areas of active soil disturbance, and areas of active work to ensure the proper implementation of BMPs. Project-wide BMPs should be checked and cross-' referenced to the BMP progress map. Trade or Activity Suggested action(s) to perform / item(s) to review prior to rain event O Information & Scheduling O Inform trade supervisors of predicted rain O Check scheduled activities and reschedule as needed U Alert erosion/sediment control provider O Alert sample collection contractor (if applicable) O Schedule staff for extended rain inspections O Check Erosion and Sediment Control (ESC) material stock O Review BMP progress map a Other:_______________________________________________ a Material storage areas U Material under cover or in sheds (ex: treated woods and metals) U Perimeter control around stockpiles 0 Other: U 0 Waste management areas ci Dumpsters closed 0 Drain holes plugged 0 Recycling bins covered a Sanitary stations bermed and protected from tipping a Other: U ci Trade operations ci Exterior operations shut down for event (e.g., no concrete pours or paving) U Soil treatments (e.g., fertilizer) ceased within 24 hours of event Materials and equipment (e.g., tools) properly stored and covered a Waste and debris disposed in covered dumpsters or removed from site U Trenches and excavations protected U Perimeter controls around disturbed areas Fueling and repair areas covered and bermed C3 Other:_____________________________ ci U Site ESC BMPs E3 Adequate capacity in sediment basins and traps E3 Site perimeter controls in place U Catch basin and drop inlet protection in place and cleaned ci Temporary erosion controls deployed I] Temporary perimeter controls deployed around disturbed areas and stockpiles U Roads swept; site ingress and egress points stabilized 0 Other:____________________________ U a concrete rinse out area a Adequate capacity for rain U Wash-out bins covered U Other;__________________________________________ a CASQA SWPPP Template 101 July 2012 ci Spill and drips ci All incident spills and drips, including paint, stucco, fuel, and oil cleaned ci Drip pans emptied CI Other:________________________________________ ci ci CI ci CI a U CI U CI U U ci 0 E3 Other / Discussion / Diagrams Coñthtued on next page. Attach a printout of the weather forecast from the NOAA website to the REAP. I certify under penalty of law that this Rain Event Action Plan (REAP) will be performed in accordance with the General Permit by me or under my direction or supervision in accordance with a system designed to assure that qualified personnel properly gathered and evaluated the information submitted. Based on my inquiry of the persons who manage the system, or those persons directly responsible for gathering the information, the information submitted is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, true, accurate, and complete. lam aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information, including the possibility of fine and imprisonment for knowing violations. Qualified SWPPP Practitioner (Use ink please) ASQA SWPPP Template 102 July 2012 Appendix K: Training Reporting Form CASQA SWFFP Template 103 July 2012 Trained Contractor Personnel Log Stormwater Management Training Log and Documentation Project Name: WDID #: Stormwater Management Topic: (check as appropriate) O Erosion Control O Wind Erosion Control 0 Non-Stormwater Management 0 Stormwater Sampling Specific Training Objective: Location: O Sediment Control O Tracking Control O Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Date: Instructor:__________________________ Telephone: Course Length (hours): Attendee Roster (Attach additional forms if necessary) Name Company Phone AS neeclea, ada prow ox external training (e.g., course completion certificates, credentials for QSP, QSD). CASQA SWPPP Template 104 - July 2012 Appendix L: Responsible Parties CASQA SWPFP Template 105 July 2012 Authorization of Approved Signatories Project Name: Name of Personnel Project Role Company Signature Date LRP's Signature Date LRP Name and Title Telephone Number CIISQA SWPPP Template 106 July 2012 Identification of QSP Project Name: WDID #: The following are QSPs associated with this project Name of Personnel' Company Date (1) If additional QSPs are required on the job site add additional lines and include information here CASQA SWPPP Template 107 July 2012 Authorization of Data Submitters Project Name: WDID #: Name of Personnel Project Role Company Signature Date Approved Signatory's Signature Date Approved Signatory Telephone Number Name and Title CASQA SWPPP Template 108 July 2012 Appendix M:Contractors and Subcontractors CASQA SWFPP Template 109 Jury 2012